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World History > Africa > Flashcards

Africa Flashcards

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1
Q

Transportation across Sahara by horse draw carriages, traded far away, extensive amounts of gold and salt, eventually taken over by the Kingdom of Mali

A

Ghana

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2
Q

Expand gold and salt trade routes

A

Mali

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3
Q

How many empires did Africa have?

A

18

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4
Q

Why were Europeans interested in Africa?

A

economic and religious reasons

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5
Q

Why did Europeans feel that they needed to save Africa from the Africans?

A

economic motivation, political ambition

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6
Q

Trade routes that benefitted/ affected Europe, Africa and North America

A

triangle trade

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7
Q

What did Africa trade to North America?

A

slaves

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8
Q

What did Europe trade to Africa?

A

goods and weapons

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9
Q

what did North America trade to Europe?

A

cotton and sugar

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10
Q

What are the 4 major climate zones in Africa?

A

tropical wet, tropical wet and dry, desert, moderate mediterranean

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11
Q

Turning semi desert to desert

A

desertification

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12
Q

Where did desertification happen?

A

Regions of the Sahel

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13
Q

What are the major rivers?

A

Nile, Niger, Zaire

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14
Q

What are Africa’s natural resources?

A

gold, diamonds, platinum, oil, copper

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15
Q

People clearing land for farming and burning wood for fuel

A

deforestation

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16
Q

What is the social organization for Africa?

A

live in extended families

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17
Q

One god

A

monotheistic

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18
Q

Why did the Dutch, French, and German farmers move to South Africa?

A

religious/economic reasons

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19
Q

Dutch farmers who moved inland to grow crops and raise cattle

A

Boer

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20
Q

White African tribe, owned slaves, a language that is a mix of dutch and african

A

Afrikaner

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21
Q

When did Britain seize the cape colony?

A

1795

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22
Q

What were some rules made when Britain took over?

A

ban slavery, discriminated against illiterate Boers

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23
Q

14,000 Afrikaners move 1,000 miles further inland to escape British domination

A

Great Trek

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24
Q

What were the effects of The Great Trek?

A

Afrikaners died, battles with natives, hate of British and Blacks, goal of manifest destiny in S. Africa

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25
Q

Who fought in the Boer War?

A

Afrikaners and British

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26
Q

Who won the Boer War?

A

British

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27
Q

Why did the Boer War start?

A

British wanted gold and diamonds on Afrikaner land

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28
Q

When did South Africa grant independence?

A

1910

29
Q

Who ruled South Africa after the British?

A

Afrikaner

30
Q

Black and whites would advance and live separately but have equal opportunity

A

Apartheid

31
Q

When was Apartheid established?

A

1948

32
Q

What were the classifications of people living in South Africa?

A

blacks, colored, whites

33
Q

What were some restrictions colored and blacks had?

A

can’t vote, can’t hold meetings, meetings, labor unions, or own businesses and property, schools and towns were publicly segregated

34
Q

Black reservations away from the white cities

A

Homelands

35
Q

Non-whites must carry _____ if they want to travel/work anywhere

A

passbooks/passlaws

36
Q

What were blacks forbidden to do?

A

ride buses, play on white beaches, inferior education, low literacy means no power

37
Q

What did the Afrikaner government support?

A

capitalism

38
Q

What did the white government support?

A

democracy

39
Q

Believed in equal civil rights for all, abolition of passbooks, common system of education, cessation of forced deportation from South Africa to the so called homelands

A

Desmond Tutu

40
Q

Blacks burn passes in front of the police station; 69 people were killed and 180 wounded

A

Sharpeville Massacre

41
Q

1st armed resistance that banned ANC and PNC, led by Nelson Mandela

A

Spear of the Nation

42
Q

Leader of Black Consciousness; was tortured then killed while in police custody

A

Steve Biko

43
Q

A exclusively black group to fight Apartheid peacefully

A

Black Consciousness

44
Q

What happened to South Africa after Apartheid was getting worse?

A

banned from the UN, olympics, US banned investments

45
Q

How long after was Nelson Mandela released from jail?

A

27 years

46
Q

President of South Africa; worked with Mandela for a new constitution for desegregated South Africa

A

F.W. deKlerk

47
Q

Who was president after deKlerk?

A

Mandela

48
Q

What was the problem with the government of Somalia?

A

Wasn’t strong enough, There were too many conflicts between clans

49
Q

Why do Somalis still don’t get along even though they profess strong allegiance to Islam?

A

Hold stronger loyalty to self, family and clan

50
Q

What is the literacy rate for Somalia?

A

25%

51
Q

When did Somalia have independence?

A

1960

52
Q

Who ruled Rwanda?

A

Germany and Belgium

53
Q

Who did the Belgians left in charge of Rwanda?

A

Tutsi

54
Q

Who ruled the government after Belgium was out of the picture?

A

Hutus

55
Q

What were the roots of genocide in Rwanda?

A

president of Rwanda was killed, Hutus were angry and killed Tutsis

56
Q

Why did the UN and US sit out of Rwanda’s situation?

A

Had no benefits, no resources, no strategic value, Somalia

57
Q

To spread out or scatter

A

Diaspora

58
Q

Name of militia group in Sudan

A

Janjaweed

59
Q

Region south of the desert

A

Sahel

60
Q

Where is the kalahari and namid located

A

South

61
Q

Region in Sudan where genocide is taken place

A

Darfur

62
Q

Belief that all african people have a common belief and unity

A

Pan-Africanism

63
Q

Name of majority black political party

A

ANC

64
Q

Somalian warlord

A

Aidid

65
Q

What two sides fought in the Sudan civil war?

A

Darfur and Arabs

66
Q

Why is the Sudan war going on?

A

Religious conflicts since the Arabs took over the government and forcing religious views to the other blacks in the country

67
Q

Why was the janjaweed formed?

A

Other people were going against the Sudanese government

68
Q

Arab militiamen

A

Janjaweed

World History (14 decks)

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