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126 > efferent division > Flashcards

efferent division Flashcards

1
Q

different types of actions

A
  • antagonistic
  • compliment each other
  • cooperative
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2
Q

what gland works to compliment

A

salivary glands

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3
Q

salivary glands secretion that complements one another

A 
watery saliva (parasym)
viscous saliva (sym)
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4
Q

cooperative actions meaning

A

one comes in front of each other and allows completion

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5
Q

erection (parasympathetic)

ejaculation (sym) are examples of

A

cooperative actions

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6
Q

location of symphathic sys

A

close to ganglion

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7
Q

what ANS sys provides the thoracic and lumbar region

A

sympathetic system

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8
Q

what do pre-gang neurons secrete in sym and para sym

A

ACh

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9
Q

cholinergic niotolic chemical receptors on post gang in para and sym sys are receptors for

A

ACh

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10
Q

what neuron secretes adrenergic neurotransmitters (E, NE, dopamine )

A

post gang in sym sys

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11
Q

what receptors are found on the target the sym sys

A

adrenergic receptors (alpha and beta)

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12
Q

what system uses g proteins and messenger

A

sym sys

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13
Q

what system is located closer/ on targen of organs

A

para sym

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14
Q

what regions does the para sym provide

A

cranial and sacral

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15
Q

what sym has post gang neurones that secrete ACh

A

para sym

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16
Q

what receptors are found ON targets in para sym

A

cholinergic muscarinic

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17
Q

which sys just uses g proteins

A
  • parasympathetic
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18
Q

nicotinic and muscarinic are ___ receptors that respond to __

A

cholinergic, ACh

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19
Q

what cholinergic receptor responds to sym and para sym

A

nicotinic

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20
Q

what is muscarinic cholinergic receptors excited by

A

mushroom poison muscarine

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21
Q

NE percentage that’s released in sym sys

A

20%

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22
Q

80% of sympathetic secretions are

A

E

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23
Q

dopamine released in sym is

A

less than 1%

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24
Q

what kinda of receptors are found in the sympathetic system

A

adrenergic receptors

25
Q

what do adrenergic receptors respond to

A

NE and E

26
Q

which adrenergic receptors are more excited to NE than E

A

alpha 1 and 2

27
Q

Location of alpha 1 adrenergic receptors

A

most receptors

  • salary glands
  • repro organs
  • urinary bladder
28
Q

what adrenergic receptors used Ca 2nd messengers to excite receptors and G proteins

A

alpha 1

29
Q

what does Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors use to cause inhibitory effects

A
  • G proteins

- cAMP

30
Q

location of alpha 2 receptors

A
  • G1 tract (relaxes muscles)

- pancreatic secretions (decreased activity)

31
Q

which adrenergic receptors love NE and E equally

A

Beta 1

32
Q

function of beta 1 using g- proteins and cAMP

A

excitatory to increase heart rate or control kidneys to control BP

33
Q

what causes kidneys to secrete renin

A

beta 1 adrenergic receptors

34
Q

what adrenergic receptors love E more than NE

A

beta 2

35
Q

what adrenergic receptors uses cAMP to inhibit

A

beta 2

36
Q

function of beta 2

A
  • inhibit respiratory airways controlled by B1

- blood vessels

37
Q

which is the newest adrenergic receptors

A

beta 3

38
Q

function of beta 3

A

uses cAMP to excite, causes adipose tissues to break down

39
Q

what does beta 3 love more

A

ME

40
Q

how is NMJ formed

A

motor neuron meeting skeletal muscle cells

41
Q

does the somatic ns have ganglions

A

no

42
Q

what events take place at NMJ

A

ap in motor neurones arrives at axon terminal –> Ca2+ influx –> releases ACh –> binds with chemical receptors on motor end plate –> brings about an end plate potential –> full blown ap

43
Q

what is motor end plate

A

area on skeletal muscle that has receptors

44
Q

what is gp (similar to EPSP) that occurs at skeletal muscles

A

end plate potential (EPP)

45
Q

what digested ACh after potential

A

ACh estrase

46
Q

what does ACh get broken down to

A

acetic acid (waste) and choline (recycled)

47
Q

what causes death with spider venom

A

too much ACh which keeps depolarizing which cuases respiratory system to seize

48
Q

what causes decreased ACh release and causes flacid paralysis and then death

A

botulism toxins

49
Q

no muscle contraction aka

A

placid paralysis

50
Q

curare symptoms

A
  • blocks ACh receptors at motor EPP which causes paralysis
51
Q

when was curare used

A

during war times

52
Q

organophosphates is found in

A

pesticides

53
Q

what prevents breakdown of ACh cuz there’s reduces AChE

A

organophosphates

54
Q

what is great muscle weakness, is a autoimmune disease and ACh slowly destroyed

A

myasthenia gravis

55
Q

when can’t eyelids contract, diffculty walking, cuz muscles fall apart

A

myasthenia gravis

56
Q

Polio cause

A

poliovirus (contain mined water and food)

57
Q

what happens when one has polio

A

attacks motor neurons –> paralysis

58
Q

what disease attacks neurofilaments

A

ALS aka lou-gehrigs

59
Q

what happens to body stuff happens in ALS

A
  • motor neuron disease
  • high glutamate levels (slow paralysis)
  • mitochondria dysfunction

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