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RHS Level 2 Unit 2 > Edible Landscapes - Topic 2 (Planting Styles), Element 6 > Flashcards

Edible Landscapes - Topic 2 (Planting Styles), Element 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an edible landscape?

A

A combination of ornamental plants and edible plants in a garden

Edible landscaping is also known as foodscaping.

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2
Q

List some styles incorporated into edible landscaping.

A
  • Allotments
  • Vegetable plots
  • Potagers
  • Kitchen gardens
  • Community gardens
  • Community orchards
  • Urban farms
  • Forest gardens
  • Guerrilla gardens
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3
Q

What types of products can be harvested from an edible landscape?

A
  • Fruit
  • Edible stems
  • Edible roots, tubers, and rhizomes
  • Edible flowers
  • Edible leaves
  • Edible seeds
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4
Q

True or False: Edible landscapes can only supply food.

A

False

They can also provide medicinal compounds, dyes, fibres, and support structures for other plants.

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5
Q

What are some benefits of edible landscapes?

A
  • Fresh, healthy food
  • Satisfaction of growing your own food
  • Low air miles for food
  • Connection with food
  • Food independence
  • Potentially cheaper food
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6
Q

How do edible landscapes contribute to human wellbeing?

A
  • Engagement for the senses
  • Connection with nature
  • Community spaces
  • Reducing loneliness
  • Boosting confidence
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7
Q

What is a growing system?

A

The way you garden and grow plants, including maintenance principles

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8
Q

What are the four major growing systems mentioned?

A
  • Traditional gardening
  • Organic gardening
  • Biodynamic gardening
  • Permaculture
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9
Q

Describe traditional gardening.

A

Plants grow in long, parallel drills or rows, often requiring soil cultivation and focusing on productivity

Traditional gardening can include the use of pesticides and herbicides.

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10
Q

What is the philosophy behind organic gardening?

A

Achieving a balance with nature by working with natural cycles and local ecosystems

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11
Q

True or False: Organic gardening prohibits the use of all pesticides.

A

False

Organic gardening allows natural pesticides but not synthetic ones.

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12
Q

What is biodynamic gardening?

A

A holistic gardening approach that uses regenerative practices and spiritual aspects, developed by Dr. Rudolph Steiner

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13
Q

What are the six biodynamic preparations?

A
  • Yarrow preparation
  • Chamomile preparation
  • Stinging Nettle preparation
  • Oak bark preparation
  • Dandelion preparation
  • Valerian preparation
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14
Q

What does permaculture emphasize?

A
  • Earth care
  • People care
  • Fair share
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15
Q

Fill in the blank: Permaculture comes from the words ‘__________ agriculture.’

A

[permanent]

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16
Q

Which growing systems can manage a variety of planting styles?

A
  • Traditional gardening
  • Organic gardening
  • Biodynamic gardening
  • Permaculture
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17
Q

What is the focus of permaculture gardens?

A

Designed along the structure of natural ecosystems, often featuring perennial plants

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18
Q

What is an allotment?

A

A piece of land in a town or city that people can rent out to grow their own vegetables, fruits, flowers, and keep certain animals.

Allotments originated during the enclosures in the 1800s and are typically 250 square metres in size.

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19
Q

Who typically owns allotments?

A

Local authorities, private landlords, or community groups.

In most of the UK, local authorities have a duty to provide food-growing space.

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20
Q

What is a kitchen garden?

A

A garden that provides vegetables, fruit, and herbs for a household.

Historically significant, kitchen gardens have been present in both small homes and large estates.

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21
Q

What is a potager?

A

A type of kitchen garden providing vegetables for the pot, often decorative and productive.

Derived from the French term ‘jardin potager’.

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22
Q

What are the key features of a traditional potager?

A

Formal symmetry, ordered planting in rows, geometric patterns, and often defined by low formal hedging.

Plants are chosen for their colors and textures.

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23
Q

What is a community garden?

A

A space where a group of people grow plants for individual and community benefit.

These gardens can vary in size and purpose, including supporting wildlife and promoting wellbeing.

24
Q

True or False: Community gardens are only for growing vegetables and fruits.

A

False.

They can also support wildlife, provide ornamental displays, and serve as spaces for social interaction.

25
Q

What are community orchards primarily planted with?

A

Top fruit trees such as apples, pears, cherries, and nuts like hazels and cobnuts.

They bring community benefits similar to gardens.

26
Q

What is the Incredible Edible movement?

A

A movement that began in Todmorden, Yorkshire, focused on planting food plants in neglected areas to connect people with each other and their food.

The initiative encourages community engagement in food growing.

27
Q

What is a forest garden?

A

A form of permaculture designed to mimic natural ecosystems with multiple layers of edible plants.

Pioneered by Robert Hart in the UK.

28
Q

What are the layers of planting in a forest garden?

A
  • Canopy layer
  • Sub-canopy layer
  • Shrub layer
  • Herbaceous layer
  • Ground cover layer
  • Rhizosphere
  • Vertical climbers and vines

These layers help create a resilient and productive ecosystem.

29
Q

What are edible hedges?

A

Hedges that supply fruit, nuts, and shelter for wildlife while performing the functions of a traditional hedge.

Common species include Crataegus monogyna and Prunus spinosa.

30
Q

Fill in the blank: Container growing is useful for growing _______.

A

edible plants.

Container growing allows for gardening in limited spaces like patios and balconies.

31
Q

What are living walls?

A

Walls where plants are grown in containers attached to the wall, often filled with edible species.

They can include crops like salad leaves, herbs, and strawberries.

32
Q

What is a key benefit of community gardening?

A

Promotes community harmony, reduces loneliness, and encourages healthy eating.

Community gardens often help individuals learn from each other.

33
Q

What is the typical size of an allotment?

A

250 square metres, though half-allotments or smaller can be rented.

Allotments vary widely in style and what is grown in them.

34
Q

What type of plants are commonly grown in allotments?

A
  • Potatoes
  • Brassicas
  • Leeks
  • Runner beans

The variety of plants grown has expanded significantly over time.

35
Q

What is a formal herb garden?

A

A garden designed to grow culinary and medicinal herbs, often in the shape of a knot garden.

Herb gardens can also be incorporated into other garden types.

36
Q

What are the advantages of raised beds in community gardens?

A
  • Eliminate soil quality and drainage issues
  • Promote order
  • Convenient for people with restricted mobility

Raised beds are a common feature in many community gardens.

37
Q

What materials can be used for paths in a potager?

A
  • Brick
  • Slabs
  • Gravel

Path surfaces can enhance the aesthetic of a potager.

38
Q

What is the first step in selecting plants for edible landscapes?

A

Decide what you want to grow

39
Q

What factors influence the choice of crops for edible landscapes?

A

Factors include:
* Personal preferences for fruit and vegetables
* Available space
* Wider garden or landscape considerations
* Desired appearance
* Growing conditions

40
Q

What are important considerations when planning an edible landscape?

A

Consider:
* Spacing
* Crop rotation
* Planting and harvesting times

41
Q

True or False: The choice of species and cultivar is fundamental to the success of edible plants.

A

True

42
Q

What should you consider to avoid jarring changes in style in an edible landscape?

A

Consider:
* Formality/informality of the landscape
* Use of focal points
* Use of height
* Use of color combinations and contrasts
* Views to and from the house or surrounding buildings
* Style and materials of the house or surrounding buildings

43
Q

What is meant by ‘borrowing views’ in garden design?

A

Planting to incorporate a view outside the garden into the design

44
Q

List examples of tall herbaceous plants suitable for the rear or center of borders.

A

Examples include:
* Cynara scolymus (Globe Artichoke)

45
Q

What climbing plants are suitable for walls or pergolas?

A

Examples include:
* Phaseolus species (Runner or climbing French Beans)
* Vitis vinifera (Grape Vine)
* Actinidia arguta (Hardy Kiwi)

46
Q

What types of trees and shrubs can be included in an edible landscape?

A

Include:
* Top fruit trees
* Soft fruit bushes
* Espalier or fan-pruned top fruit trees
* Low hedges like Salvia rosmarinus and Lavandula angustifolia

47
Q

Fill in the blank: Companion planting is the practice of planting certain species alongside each other to _______.

A

[deter pests or provide other benefits]

48
Q

What are some support structures that edible plants may require?

A

Supports can include:
* Stakes
* Canes
* Frameworks
* Pergolas
* Pea sticks

49
Q

How can support structures be both functional and attractive?

A

Supports can match the wider garden design and be selected for aesthetic appeal.

50
Q

What are some examples of practical supports in an allotment or community garden?

A

Examples include:
* Bamboo canes
* Wooden stakes
* Trellises
* Plastic arches

51
Q

Which supports are suitable for an informal, Arts and Crafts or cottage garden-style edible landscape?

A

Suitable supports include:
* Wooden pergola
* Wooden arch
* Pea sticks
* Woven willow

52
Q

Which supports are suitable for a more formal style of edible landscape?

A

Suitable supports include:
* Metal pergola
* Oak obelisk

53
Q

What sustainability considerations are there for plant supports?

A

Considerations include:
* Bamboo canes impact on biodiversity
* Resource extraction for metal and plastic supports

54
Q

What are some environmentally friendly materials for plant supports?

A

Environmentally friendly materials include:
* Coppiced hazel poles
* Pruned birch branches
* Pruned Cornus stems
* Woven willow and Cornus stems

55
Q

Fill in the blank: Ties for plant supports can be made from _______.

A

[plastic or natural twine such as cotton or jute]

56
Q

What can you do to reduce the carbon footprint of your supports?

A

Grow your own materials for supports, such as coppiced hazel or pruned branches.

57
Q

What is one way to repurpose materials for support structures?

A

Create supports from materials you have lying around or would otherwise throw away.

RHS Level 2 Unit 2 (22 decks)

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