Ecosystems and humma impact

Question 1

what is the main energy source for all living things

Answer 1

light energy from the sun

Question 2

what is biomass

Answer 2

the mass of living material in plants and animals

Question 3

what the energy from the sun used for and why

Answer 3

photosynthesis, to produce substances that become part of the cells, increasing biomass

Question 4

producer

Answer 4

makes its own food by photosynthesis

Question 5

consumer

Answer 5

an organism that eats other organisms

Question 6

first stage consumer

Answer 6

the first organism that is eating in a food chain

Question 7

second and third stage consumers

Answer 7

the second and third organisms that’s eating in food chain

Question 8

herbivore

Answer 8

only eats plants

Question 9

carnivore

Answer 9

only eats animals

Question 10

omnivore

Answer 10

eats both animals and plants

Question 11

what do the arrows in a food chain show

Answer 11

it shows the flow of energy being passed from one living thing to the next

Question 12

what is a tertiary consumer

Answer 12

the top predator in a food chain (only feeds on secondary consumers)

Question 13

if all rabbits died how would that effect foxes

Answer 13

they would decrease in numbers bc they have less food to eat

Question 14

if there were less rabbits how would that effect lettuce production

Answer 14

number of lettuce would increase bc there are less rabbits eating it

Question 15

how would mice be affected if all rabbits die

Answer 15

the number of mice would decrease bc foxes would have less rabbits to eat and therefore eat more mice

Question 16

why do animals lose more heat than plants

Answer 16

bc their metabolism is higher and they move around
( warm blooded animals lose more eat bc they have to keep their body temps consistent)
( land animals lose more energy than water animals bc water animals don’t have to support their bodies they just float)

Question 17

food pyramids- pyramid of number

Answer 17

they show the number of organisms in a given area or volume for every feeding level

Question 18

what are the rules for pyramids of number

Answer 18

the producer is always at the bottom
the size of every block shows the number of plants or animals in the food chain

Question 19

what does a pyramid of biomass show

Answer 19

it shows the dry mass of organisms in a given area or the volume for every feeding level ( pyramids if biomas should i always be pyramid shaped)

Question 20

how do we calculate trophic efficiency

Answer 20

energy in later stage divided by
energy in earlier stage
then x by 100

Question 21

why are habitats being destroyed

Answer 21

housing
industry
agriculture
deforestation

Question 22

environmental impact assessment and why is it used

Answer 22

it’s used to decide whether the development should be allowed refused or modified to reduce the effect on wildlife

Question 23

advantages and disadvantages of fertiliser

Answer 23

ad- increase plant yield
dis- can wash out of soils and cause rapid growth of plants and algae in rivers and streams

Question 24

name four methods of intensive farming

Answer 24

fertilisers
pesticide
disease control
battery methods

Question 25

name four methods of intensive farming

Answer 25

fertilisers
pesticide
disease control
battery methods

Question 26

advantages and disadvantages of pesticides

Answer 26

ad- incteases yield by stopping pests from eating or competing with crop plants
dis- can wash out soils and lead to bioaccumulation
and it can destroy non-pest species

Question 27

disease control )antibiotics) advantages and disadvantages

Answer 27

advantages- increasing yields by preventing losses of plants and animals
disadvantages- the antibiotic can become present in meat

Question 28

Battery methods(cages) advantages and disadvantages

Answer 28

advantages- less room to move so less energy wasted, less food needed so reduced costs
disadvantage- negative impact on welfare and quality of life for animals

Question 29

what do minerals do fertilisers contain that plants need to grow

Answer 29

nitrates and phosphates

Question 30

what fungi/algae is used as an indicator species for air pollution and why

Answer 30

lichen found growing on trees. luke be used to indicate the concentration of sulphur dioxide because some species are so sneitive that a little bit of gas will kill them

Question 31

how can pollution in rivers be measured

Answer 31

changes in ph levels
changes in oxygen levels
indicator species

Question 32

what is bioaccumulation

Answer 32

bioaccumulation is when toxic substances like pesticides and heavy metals build up in the food chain, the toxin continues to move and build up in the food chain and then those at the top of the food chain face the damage and die

Question 33

what is eutrophication

Answer 33

fertilisers are washed into streams which causes and algae bloom, some plants start dying bc of the competition for sunlight, so plants will die and the decomposing bacteria takes up all the oxygen so there’s no oxygen for the fish