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Biology > EcoSystems and Distribution of Organisms > Flashcards

EcoSystems and Distribution of Organisms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biodiversity

A

The total variety and abundance of different species present in a an ecosystem

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2
Q

Populations

A

Number of organism of the same species in an ecosytem

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3
Q

Community

A

Populations of different species living in an area

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4
Q

Ecosystem

A

A community of organisms living in a particular habitat and their interactions with each other and their shared environment

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5
Q

Habitat

A

The place where an organism lives

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6
Q

Species

A

A group of organism that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

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7
Q

Herbivore

A

An organism the consumes only plant material

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8
Q

Carnivore

A

An organism that consumes only animal material

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9
Q

Omnivore

A

An organism that consume plant and animal material

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10
Q

Consumer

A

An organism that eats other organism to obtain a food source

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11
Q

Producer

A

Green plant which makes their own food source through the process of photysynthesis

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12
Q

Prey

A

An organism that is hunted and killed by predators

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13
Q

Predator

A

An organism, that hunts and kills other animals for food

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14
Q

Indicator Species

A

A species that by their presence or absence indicates levels of environmental qualities
-water pollution
-air population

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15
Q

Niche

A

The role an organism plays in a community relates to
-the resource it requires
-interactions with other organisms

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16
Q

Abiotic Factors

A

Non Living factors that affect the distribution of organisms living in an ecosystem

17
Q

Example of Abiotic Factors

A

PH
Light Intensity
Temperature
Soil Moisture

18
Q

Biotic Factors

A

Living factor that affect the distribution of organism in an ecosystem

19
Q

Example Of Biotic factors

A

Competition
Grazing
Predation
Food Availability
Disease

20
Q

Food Chain And Web

A

-shows feeding relationships
-represents energy flow

21
Q

Stable Ecosystem

A

A stable ecosystem has a wide variety of organisms living and their interacting with each other

22
Q

Sampling Abiotic Factors

A

Thermometer
Light Meter
Moisture/ Ph meter

23
Q

How to measure temperature(abiotic)

A

-thermometer
A source of error is not leaving it in for enough time
Leave it in for at least 1 min

24
Q

How to measure light intensity(abiotic)

A

-light meter
A source of error is shading in light meter
Point sensor directly at light source

25
Q

How to measure soil moisture/ph(abiotic)

A

-Moisture/Ph meter
A source of error is cross-contamination between samples
Clean the probe between readings

26
Q

Quadrat

A

A quadrat is a square frame with a known area
Used to estimate the number of plants or slow moving animal in a given area

27
Q

Source of Error Quadrat

A

Using a small sample size
-Set several quadrats to ensure the results are reliable(increase sample size)

Sample sites may be specifically chosen
-Throw quadrat at random to ensure results are not biased

Counting Organisms more than once
-Follow simple counting rules to ensure each organism is only counted once

28
Q

Pitfall Trap

A

-Its a cup placed level with the ground and covered with leaves
-Used to estimate the number of small active animals in a given area

29
Q

Source of Error Pitfall

A

Using a small sample size
- Set up several pitfall traps to ensure the results are reliable

The trapped organism may be eaten by predators
- Camouflage the pitfall trap using foliage(leaf)

The trapped organism may escape
-Check contents regularly

30
Q

Biological Keys

A

Used to identify different organism based on their physical appearance

31
Q

Competition

A

Occurs when resources required for survival are available is short supply.
-one species is successful while the other is successful

32
Q

Interspecific Competition

A

Between individuals of two different species for 1 or few resources they require. Less Intense

33
Q

Intraspecific Competition

A

Between members of the same species for the exact same resources. More Intense

34
Q

Transect Line

A

Sample at 1m intervals
NOT RANDOM

Biology (14 decks)

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