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Animal Transport Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

3 Main Component of Blood

A

Plasma
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells

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2
Q

Main function of blood

A

To transport, nutrients oxygen and C02

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3
Q

Plasma

A

Carries the red and white blood cells
Contains proteins( Such as antibodies or hormones)
Carries nutrients
Transports some carbon dioxide gas

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4
Q

Function of Red blood cells

A

transport oxygen efficiently around the body in the form of oxyhaemoglobin

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5
Q

Red blood Cell Specialisations

A

biconcave in shape
having no nucleus
containing haemoglobin

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6
Q

Biconcave shape

A

The shape gives a large surface area for oxygen to diffuse in/out of the cell

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7
Q

No Nucleus

A

Creates more space for haemoglobin(and therefore more oxygen can be transported)

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8
Q

Contains haemoglobin

A

This chemical combines with oxygen to allow it to be transported in the form of oxyhemoglobin

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9
Q

Haemoglobin

A

protein molecule

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10
Q

Where in body would red blood cells pick up oxygen

A

lungs

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11
Q

Function of White blood cells

A

Part of the immune system are involved in destroying pathogens

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12
Q

Phatogens

A

Disease carrying organism such as bacteria, viruses and fungi

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13
Q

Phagocytes

A

Carry out phagocytosis by engulfing pathogens

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14
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Produce antibodies that destroy pathogens. Each antibody is specific to a particular pathogen.

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15
Q

Arteries function

A

Arteries carry blood at high pressure away from the Heart

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16
Q

Arteries Structure

A

Thick Walls
Muscular Walls
Narrow Central channel

17
Q

Capillaries function

A

Exchange of materials between the blood and tissues and organs

18
Q

Capillaries Structure

A

Thin-walled
Large surface area
Forms network at tissues and organs

19
Q

Vein Function

A

Veins carry blood at low pressure back into the heart

20
Q

Vein Structure

A

Thinner Walls
Wider central channel
Contains valves (to prevent the backflow of blood)

21
Q

What type of blood does the right side of heart carry

A

Carries deoxygenated blood , which means blood rich in carbon dioxide

22
Q

What type of blood does the left side of heart carry

A

Carries oxygenated blood which means it is rich in oxygen

23
Q

What is the function of the valves?

A

Valves prevent the backflow of blood ensuring it flows in one direction through the heart

24
Q

Name the 4 Chamber of the heart

A

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle

25
Q

Name 4 main blood vessels

A

Vena Cava
Polmenary Artery
Aorta
Polmenary Vein

26
Q

Function of coronary arteries?

A

The function of the coronary arteries is to supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood

27
Q

Describe Pathway of blood through the heart

A

-Blood in the left atrium is oxygenated
-Blood in the left atrium is pumped out in to the left ventricle
Blood is then pumped out of the left ventricle, out of the heart and into the heart
-The Aorta carrier blood to the body cells to deliver oxygen for aerobic respiration
-Blood is now deoxygenated
-The blood return from the organs of the body to the heart by a vein called vena cava
-The vena cava carries deoxygenated blood into the right atrium
-Blood is pumped from the right atrium to the right ventricle
-Deoxygenatdd blood is then pumped out of the right ventricle, out of the heart and into the polemnary Artery
-The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart towards the lungs
-In the lings, blood picks up oxygen and deposits carbon dioxide, this is called respiration
-Blood return back to the heart, through the polmenary Vein to the left atrium

28
Q

Why is the muscle of the left ventricle thicker than the right?

A

The muscle on the left ventricle pumps blood all the way around the body whereas the right ventricle only pumps blood to the lungs.

29
Q

What is the need for absorption

A

For oxygen and other vital nutrients from food must be absorbed into the bloodstream and delivered to the cells for respiration

30
Q

Gas exchange in the lungs

A

Carbon dioxide
-diffuses from blood into the alveoli

Oxygen
-diffuses from alveoli into the blood

31
Q

Digestion

A

The breakdown of large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.

32
Q

Digestion Molecules

A

Carbohydrates- Glucose
Protein- Amino Acids
Fats- Fatty acids and glycerol

33
Q

Lacteal Absorption

A

Absorbs fatty acids and glycerol

34
Q

Blood Capillary Absorption

A

Absorbs glucose and amino acids

35
Q

Alveoli and Villi features

A

Thin walls
Large surface area
Extensive blood supply

Biology (14 decks)

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