Control And Communication

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

It’s a corrective mechanism used to maintain a stable internal environment within the body, it is essential to allow our cells to function properly

Question 2

3 Factors regulated by homeostasis

Answer 2

Body Temp- must be controlled so the body can function properly
Blood glucose levels
Body water content

Question 3

Thermoreceptors

Answer 3

Specialised cells that detect change in our body temp

Question 4

How body reacts to the increase of temp

Answer 4

Sweat
Divert blood toward skin
Skin hairs lie flat

Question 5

How body reacts to the decrease of temp

Answer 5

Decrease in rate of sweat
Divert blood away from the skin
Skin hair stands upright
Shivering generates heat

Question 5

How body reacts to the decrease of temp

Answer 5

Decrease in rate of sweat
Divert blood away from the skin
Skin hair stands upright
Shivering generates heat

Question 6

Why Do People Calculate Average

Answer 6

To increase the reliability of results

Question 7

Hormones

Answer 7

-Protein molecules that act as chemical messengers
-Produces by endocrine glands and travels through the bloodstream
-They bind to complimentary receptor proteins on the surface of target cells
-Binding of hormone to a complimentary receptor protein ensures that only specific cells are affected by the action of a particular hormone

Question 8

Why would a hormone not be able to affect a non target cell?

Answer 8

If a cell does not have a complimentary, surface receptor for a hormone then it will not have any affect on the cell

Question 9

Pancreas

Answer 9

-Releases 2 hormones: INSULIN and GLUCAGON in response to changes in blood glucose levels
-target the liver
- Travel to target tissue where they bind to complementary surface receptors and induce an effect

Question 10

What cause blood glucose levels to increase

Answer 10

Food Intake

Question 11

What cause blood glucose levels to decrease

Answer 11

A lack of food intake/ exercising

Question 12

Increase In blood glucose levels

Answer 12

The pancreas detects an increase in blood glucose levels, and insulin is released and travels through the bloodstream to the liver. Excess glucose is converted into glucose and stored in the liver. Blood glucose levels return to normal

                insulin GLUCOSE→→→→→GLYCOGEN

Question 13

Decrease In blood glucose levels

Answer 13

The pancreas detects a decrease in blood glucose levels, and glucagon is released and travels through the bloodstream to the liver. Glycogen is converted into glucose and released into the bloodstream, blood glucose levels return to normal

                     glucagon GLYCOGEN→→→→→→→→GLUCOSE

Question 14

Diabetes

Answer 14

A disease that prevents the body being able to produce or respond to insulin- Blood glucose levels remain high

Question 15

How is diabetes caused

Answer 15

Genetic Make Up
Lack of exercise
High sugar diet
levels of obesity

Question 16

CNS

Answer 16

made up of brain and spinal cord

Question 17

Nervous system

Answer 17

made up of three main parts: brain, spinal and nerves

Question 18

Cerebrum

Answer 18

Controls conscious thoughts, memory and speech

Question 19

Cerebellum

Answer 19

Controls balance and coordination of movement

Question 20

Medulla

Answer 20

Controls breathing and heart rate

Question 21

Communication

Answer 21

Transmission of electrical impulses through the nervous system allows the body to respond to changes in environmental stimuli.

Question 22

How does the nervous sytem detect changes

Answer 22

Our five main sensory organs have receptors that detect stimuli from within our environment
Our body has effectors that carry out a response to a detected stimuli

Question 23

Effector organs

Answer 23

Muscle
Glands

Question 24

Neurons

Answer 24

Carry messages rapidly as electrical impulse to and from CNS

Question 25

Sensory

Answer 25

Carries an electrical impulse from a receptor to inter neuron in CNS

Question 26

Inter

Answer 26

Carries an electrical impulse from the CNS to an effector for a response to be made

Question 27

Reflex Action

Answer 27

rapid and automatic response that are used to protect the body from harmful stimuli

Question 28

3 example of reflex actions

Answer 28

Sneezing
Coughing
Rapid dilation/constrict

Question 29

What does reflex action do

Answer 29

Its an automatic and rapid response to stimuli, which minimizes damage to the body from potentially harmful stimuli condition, such as touching something hot