Economy

Question 1

Inflation rate between 1501 and 1562?

Answer 1

2.8%

Question 2

Inflation rate from 1562 to 1600?

Answer 2

1.3%

Question 3

Who was initially appointed chief of finances?

Answer 3

Henry of Nassau

Question 4

How many were employed in the cloth industry in 1525? What about 1550?

Answer 4

10 000 - this then rose to 50 000

Question 5

What did the cortes demand in 1548 and why?

Answer 5

cheaper cloth on the grounds that the poor could not afford it.

Question 6

Possible causes of inflation?

Answer 6

• new world imports
• population increase
• law of supply and demand

Question 7

Who benefitted from inflation?

Answer 7

merchants, the crown, grandees

Question 8

What happened to oil and wheat prices between 1511 and 1559?

Answer 8

wheat doubled and oil tripled

Question 9

How much did court upkeep cost?

Answer 9

200 000 per annum

Question 10

what did the 1525 decree dictate? When was a similar decree reissued?

Answer 10

all land be brought under tillage for the first 8 years of Charles’s reign to be given to sheep farmers. A similar decree was issued in 1552 but focused on the previous 12 years.

Question 11

How much did Aragon provide?

Answer 11

500 000 ducats for each 5 year period between cortes meetings

Question 12

How much was gained from Naples in taxes between 1525 and 1529?

Answer 12

1.75 million ducats

Question 13

What did Charles grant in 1534 and what did this do?

Answer 13

Encabezamiento - allowed towns to turn the alcabala into a fixed sum.

Question 14

How much of the crowns revenue was from the alcabala by 1550?

Answer 14

75%

Question 15

How much did the subsidio generate in 1551?

Answer 15

500 000 ducats

Question 16

How much did the cruzada generate between 1523 and 1534?

Answer 16

121 000 ducats per annum

Question 17

How much did the sale of land owned by military orders generate?

Answer 17

1.7 million ducats

Question 18

How much did Charles receive from foreign bankers?

Answer 18

Fuggers and Welsers supplied Charles with 543 000 and 143 000 florins respectively out of the total 850 000 florins spent by Charles.

Question 19

How much revenue did loan repayments take up by 1522? And 1543?

Answer 19

36% and then rose to 65%

Question 20

When was the sisa tax introduced and what did this add money onto?

Answer 20

1538 - tax on foodstuff.

Question 21

How much did borrowing amount to during his reign?

Answer 21

30 million ducats

Question 22

What did interest repayments accumulate to?

Answer 22

10 million ducats

Question 23

How much did he want to borrow to finance the war against France? When?

Answer 23

1552 - 4 million ducats

Question 24

How did Charles reward foreign bankers?

Answer 24

He gave them permits to trade directly to America - Welsers began colonising Venezuela

Question 25

How much did Charles collect from the cortes in 1520s? And the 1550s?

Answer 25

130 000 ducats a year but then 410 000 by the 1550s

Question 26

How much was revenue from the new world?

Answer 26

270 000 ducats - 20% of crown’s ordinary revenue

Question 27

What did wages rise by between 1511 and 1550? How did this compare to wheat and wine prices?

Answer 27

30% - but wheat rose by 44% and wine by 64%

Question 28

How did Cobos finance Charles’s victory at Muhlberg?

Answer 28

seized all new world treasure and coins

Question 29

What was the increase in land rent between 1530 and 1555?

Answer 29

86%

Question 30

Was the economy effectively managed?

Answer 30

Not at at all as by the time he abdicated, the crown was virtually bankrupt. Had he stopped fighting in expensive wars, perhaps this could’ve been avoided.