Ecology and Ecosystems Flashcards

1
Q

What causes large-scale climate patterns?

A

Global heating and cooling of air

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2
Q

What causes smaller-scale climate patterns caused by heating and cooling of air?

A

Rainshadow Effect

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3
Q

Rainshadow Effect

A

a patch of land that has been forced to become a desert because mountain ranges blocked all plant-growing, rainy weather.

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4
Q

Biomes

A

areas on the earth with similar climate, plants, and animals

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5
Q

Tropical Rain Forest

A

High Rainfall
High temperatures

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6
Q

Desert

A

Low Rainfall
High temperatures

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7
Q

Savanna

A

Seasonal rainfall
High temperatures

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8
Q

Chaparral

A

Warm, mild winters
Hot, dry summers
Little rain

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9
Q

Temperate Grassland

A

Seasonal rain
Cold winter
Hot summers

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10
Q

Temperate deciduous forest

A

Moderate rain
Cold winters
Hot summers

***This is us

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11
Q

Coniferous Forests

A

Moderate rainfall
Low temperatures

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12
Q

Tundra

A

Low rainfall
Low temperatures

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13
Q

Fresh Water Biomes consist of

A

ponds
lakes
streams
rivers
(swamps, bogs)

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14
Q

Intertidal zone (Oceanic Biome)

A

Dry land that meets the continental shelf

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15
Q

Benthic zone (Oceanic Biome)

A

Seafloor

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16
Q

Photic zone (Oceanic Biome)

A

Top layer of ocean that light passes through

17
Q

Aphotic zone (Oceanic Biome)

A

Beneath the photic zone
Light does not pass through this layer

18
Q

Ecology

A

the study of organisms and their interactions with the living and nonliving environment

19
Q

Ecosystem ecology

A

all organisms and abiotic (non biological) factors

20
Q

Community ecology

A

all organisms in a particular area

21
Q

Population ecology

A

“group of individuals”

examines the characteristics and dynamics of a population (species) that influences survival and reproduction

22
Q

Population

A

group of individuals of the same species occupying the same place at the same time

23
Q

Organismal ecology

A

individuals

24
Q

Energy transfer 10% rule

A

10 percent of energy can move between trophic levels

25
(Biological Interactions) Neutralism
0 / 0
26
(Biological Interactions) Amensalism
- / 0
27
(Biological Interactions) Commensalism
+ / 0
28
(Biological Interactions) Competition
- / -
29
(Biological Interactions) Mutualism
+ / +
30
(Biological Interactions) Predation or Parasitism
+ / -
31
Ecological niche
the role a species plays in its community, including its habitat and its interactions with other organisms
32
Competitive Exclusion Principle
No two species can occupy the same niche
33
Artificial Selection
human intervention/ interference acting as selective pressure
34
Example of Artificial Selection
Domestic Dogs Edible plants