ECG Flashcards
What does atrial flutter look like?
Narrow QRS complex tachycardia
Regular atrial activity
Saw tooth pattern
3:1/ 2:1/ 4:1 block
Inverted flutter waves in II,III, aVF
What does ventricular tachycardia look like
Regular rhythm
Wide QRS complexes
No P waves
What does atrial fibrillation look like?
Irregularly irregular rhythm
Narrow QRS complexes
No P waves
What does sinus tachycardia look like?
Regular rhythm
Narrow QRS complexes
Difficult to see P waves
What might cause a vetricular tachycardia?
Drugs e.g. amiodarone, TCAs
Genetic causes: Jerrell-Lange/ Romano-ward
Electrolytes e.g. hypomagnesemia/ hypokalaemia
What does first degree HB look like?
PR interval is prolonged. More than 5 small squares or 200ms
No dropped beats
Regular rate
How long is one small square on an ECG
0.04s
How do you calculate a regular rate on an egg
300: number of large squares between QRS
What might cause 1st degree HB?
- Inferior MI
- Drugs e.g. BB/ CCB
- Hyperkalemia
- Increased vagal done
- Athletic training
What does Motibz type I look like on an ECG?
PR prolongation until a beat is dropped
QRS complex is usually NARROW.
DOES improve with ATROPINE
What does Motibz type II look like on an ECG?
No progressive PR prolongation
Randomly dropped beat
Usually have BROAD QRS complexes
Usually DO NOT improve with atropine
What does total 3rd degree HB look like?
Severe bradycardia due to failed atrial activity.
No association between P waves and QRS
Constant P-P intervals
QRS can be broad or narrow
How long should a QRS be?
0.08 and 0.12 so <3 small squares
How long should a PR interval be?
Between 3-5 small squares so 0.12-0.20s
Posterior MI?
In leads V1-V3:
ST depression
Upright T waves
Broad R waves
In leads II,III, aVF might also get ST elevation if there is an ongoing Inferior MI
