Eating Disorders Flashcards
What is the difference between delusions and hallucinations?
Delusions: false beliefs, cognitive perceptions
Hallucinations: false sensory perceptions
Rates of bulimia and anorexia?
Bulimia- 3% of population
Anorexia- 1-2% of population
Affect people of high school, college or young women mostly
What is Anorexia Nervosa?
Characterized by maintenance of an abnormally low body weight, distortions of body image, INTENSE FEAR OF GAINING WEIGHT, amenorrhea
- NOT characterized by a loss of appetite, prepare elaborate meals for others
- extreme dieting, excessive energy
What is Bulimia Nervosa?
Characterized by recurrent pattern of binge eating followed by self-induced purging and accompanied by persistent over concern with body weight and image
- Not an intense fear of gaining weight, just a concern.
- usually normal body weight
- do not pursue extreme thinness of anorexia
What are the 2 subtypes of anorexia?
1) Binge-eating/purging type: differs from bulimia because the intense fear of gaining weight is still there
- problems with impulse control
2) Restrictive type: obsessively controlled about their diet and appearance. consume minimal calories
What are the medical complications of anorexia?
- Amenorrhea (absence of periods)
- Osteoporosis (problems with bone development)
- Anemia
Who is at highest risk for eating disorders?
Athletes involved in competitive activities that emphasize endurance, aesthetics, and weight levels
Ex) Runners, Swimmers, Dancers, Gymnasts, Nutrition students, bodybuilders
What are the medical complications of Bulimia?
- Blockage of salivary ducts
- Decay of tooth enamel and dental cavities (dentist is one of first professionals that can tell if someone has bulimia)
- Pancreatitis
- Potassium deficiency, muscular weakness
What is bingeing?
People with bulimia may cram thousands of calories during a single binge, and then attempt to purge what they have consumed by vomiting
-tend to feel depressed, guilty after
What is bingeing disorder?
Has to bingeing but no purging afterwards
What are sociocultural causes of eating disorders?
More common in western societies, because we spend a lot of time on social media, viewing idealized images, societal pressures, unrealistic standards
What are psychosocial causes of eating disorders?
One likely factor in bulimic cases is a history of rigid dieting
Bulimic women tend to have been slightly overweight, purging is negatively reinforced by causing relief
Body dissatisfaction, perfectionist tendencies (gives them sense of control), low self-esteem, interpersonal struggles
What are Family factors in eating disorders?
Parents that have high standards of kids, causes pressure, over critical of child’s weight, mothers have own problem with eating and weight
- Purging is symbolic of negative emotions
- social reinforcers maintain these behaviours, because girls became focus of attention of parents (this attention may usually be lacking)
What are biological causes in eating disorders?
Serotonin levels- involved in regulating mood and appetite, genetic component
-People with type 1 diabetes is 2x as likely to develop eating disorder
What are some ways to treat eating disorders?
1) Hospitalization- monitor eating habits, hooked up to IV
2) Cognitive-analytic therapy- looking at distortions in thinking
3) Family therapy
4) CBT- challenge self defeating thoughts, should be first choice treatment for bulimia
5) Interpersonal psychotherapy
6) Emotion focused therapy
Best outcomes: psychotherapy combined with nutritional management and family interventions
