EARTH SCIENCE Flashcards

1
Q

How God separated light from darkness, created the sky, land, sea, moon, stars, and every living creature in a span of six days

A

BOOK OF GENESIS

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2
Q

An oscillating universe in which “cosmic egg” or Brahmanda

A

HINDU TEXT RIGVEDA

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3
Q

the whole universe expands out of a single concentrated point

A

BINDU

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4
Q

believed in a primordial universe and explained that the original state of the cosmos was a primordial mixture of all its ingredients.

A

ANAXAGORAS

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5
Q

believed in an atomic universe (small, indivisible, indestructible)

A

LEUCIPPUS AND DEMOCRITUS

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6
Q

earth is spherical because it always cast a curved shadow when it eclipses the moon

A

ARISTOTLE

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7
Q

When the moon positioned between Earth and the sun and casts a shadow over Earth

A

SOLAR ECLIPSE

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8
Q

When the Earth positions itself between the sun and the moon casting a shadow across the ______ surface

A

LUNAR ECLIPSE

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9
Q

geocentric universe where earth stayed motionless in the heavens and everything is revolving around it

A

PTOLEMY

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10
Q

Where the Earth is centered

A

PTOLEMAIC OR GEOCENTRIC

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11
Q

Concept of consolation, determined the location of 850 starts

A

HIPPARCHUS

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12
Q

heliocentrism or heliocentric principle

A

ARISTARCHUS

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13
Q

Heliocentrict is ____ centered?

A

SUN CENTERED

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14
Q

Adapted theory of heliocentrism. Even without earth in solar system, it can’t affect the other celestial object

A

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS

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15
Q

Express the idea of stellar parallax that if the earth does revolve along an orbit around the Sun

A

TYCHO BRAHE

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16
Q

Basic laws of planetary

A

JOHANNES KEPLER

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17
Q

First description of the moving objects an invented the refracting telescope

A

GALILEO GALILEI

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18
Q

provides view by looking through lens that focus on one eyepiece

A

REFRACTING TELESCOPE

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19
Q

Conceptualized the force of gravity and invented the reflecting telescope

A

ISAAC NEWTON

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20
Q

focusing light through a concave mirror

A

REFLECTING TELESCOPE

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21
Q

Defined as a group of planets, moons, asteroids, and comets

A

SOLAR SYSTEM

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22
Q

a chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat

A

COMBUSTION

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22
Q

model constrained in the formation of solar system

A

SOLAR NEBULAR THEORY

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23
Q

Starting is cloud - twist and flatten where our solar system is created

A

NEBULA HYPOTHESIS

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24
Q

the sun burst open and shot out and went to their places; we are from the sun

A

FISSION THEORY

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25
Q

Planets and moon captured by our sun and began circling

A

CAPTURE THEORY

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26
Q

Pile of dust and rock chunks pushed together into our planet, same into our moon of the process

A

ACCRETION THEORY

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27
Q

Our world collided with small planet

A

PLANETARY COLLISION THEORY

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28
Q

Collision between stars where the planets, moons and sun came to existence

A

STELLAR COLLISION THEORY

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29
Q

Gas clouds were captured by our sun and they began whirling and the existence of planets and moons began

A

GAS CLOUD THEORY

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30
Q

the principle of physics and mathematics to learn about the fundamental nature of the universe.

A

ASTRONOMERS

31
Q

a natural celestial body (outside earth) and evolution of such objects and all phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of the Earth

A

ASTRONOMY

32
Q

Composed of rocks, metals, high densities, slow in rotation, with weak magnetic field and absence of rings

A

TERRESTRIAL PLANETS

33
Q

Composed of gases with low densities but fast rotation. They have many moons and often even rings of ice or dust

A

JOVIAN PLANETS

34
Q

Center of the solar system

A

SUN

35
Q

Solar System (chronological order)

A

MERCURY, VENUS, EARTH, MARS, JUPITER, SATURN, URANUS, NEPTUNE

36
Q

Group of rocks that appears to have never joined from the planet

A

ASTEROID BELT

37
Q

Explain Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite

A

METEOROID (SPACE), METEOR (ATMOSPHERE), METEORITE (EARTH)

38
Q

A very large and very weathered meteorite which was recovered from the Bondoc Peninsula on Luzon Island

A

BONDOC

39
Q

loose particles of rocks that blanket the surface

A

REGOLITH

40
Q

oceanic and continental crust and mantle

A

LITHOSPHERE

41
Q

Causes earthquake

A

TECTONIC PLATES

42
Q

Made up of rocks, minerals, magma and sand;
Inner core; Solid earth

A

GEOSPHERE/LITHOSPHERE

43
Q

Thinnest Layer; where continents and bottoms of the oceans are located

A

CRUST

44
Q

Made of molten rock; 82 earth’s volume; where volcanoes comes from

A

MANTLE

45
Q

Innermost layer

A

CORE

46
Q

permanent frozen parts

A

CYROSPHERE

47
Q

the total amount of water on a planet.

A

HYDROSPHERE

48
Q

Mixture of gases( nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor that surrounds the planet.

A

ATMOSPHERE

49
Q

Where weather occurs and takes 75% of atmosphere mass

A

TROPOSPHERE

50
Q

Where ozone layer is located and 2nd lowest atmosphere

A

STRATOSPHERE

51
Q

coldest sphere and where meteors burn upon entry

A

MESOSPHERE

52
Q

hottest sphere and where low orbit satellites located

A

THERMOSPHERE

53
Q

Outermost layer

A

EXOSPHERE

54
Q

All terrestrial ecosystem, life forms and organism survive

A

BIOSPHERE

55
Q

balance of substances in the different substances of earth

A

BIOCHEMICAL

56
Q

ensures the adequate amount and flow of gases on Earth-gases which are used by most organisms on the planet

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

57
Q

Solid material possessing a definite chemical structure that occur naturally but does not have life

A

MINERALS

58
Q

Study of Minerals

A

MINEROLOGY

59
Q

Element of Mineral

A

ATOM

60
Q

Growth pattern of crystals of different mineral that is determined by the environment by the environment

A

CRYSTAL FORM

61
Q

The amount of light reflected by the surface of the mineral

A

LUSTER

62
Q

Visual perception of color of the mineral

A

COLOR

63
Q

The color of the mineral in its pure powdered form

A

STREAK

64
Q

The degree of how hard the mineral can be scratched

A

HARDNESS

65
Q

Splitting of crystals along a smooth surface

A

CLEAVAGE

66
Q

Minerals split away from its axis

A

FRACTURE

67
Q

Ratio of the weight of a mineral to weight of an equal of water

A

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

68
Q

minerals that contain Si2O3

A

SILICATE

69
Q

Most abundant group

A

FELDSPAR

70
Q

2nd most abundant

A

QUARTZ

71
Q

do not contain Si

A

NON SILICATE

72
Q

type of rick that contains useful metallic minerals that can be mined for a profit

A

ORE

73
Q

Molten rock cools down and hardens

A

IGNEUOS ROCK

74
Q

formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at Earth’s surface, followed by cementation

A

SEDEMENTARY ROCKS

75
Q

formed by heat and pressure

A

METAMORPHIC