EARTH SCIENCE Flashcards
How God separated light from darkness, created the sky, land, sea, moon, stars, and every living creature in a span of six days
BOOK OF GENESIS
An oscillating universe in which “cosmic egg” or Brahmanda
HINDU TEXT RIGVEDA
the whole universe expands out of a single concentrated point
BINDU
believed in a primordial universe and explained that the original state of the cosmos was a primordial mixture of all its ingredients.
ANAXAGORAS
believed in an atomic universe (small, indivisible, indestructible)
LEUCIPPUS AND DEMOCRITUS
earth is spherical because it always cast a curved shadow when it eclipses the moon
ARISTOTLE
When the moon positioned between Earth and the sun and casts a shadow over Earth
SOLAR ECLIPSE
When the Earth positions itself between the sun and the moon casting a shadow across the ______ surface
LUNAR ECLIPSE
geocentric universe where earth stayed motionless in the heavens and everything is revolving around it
PTOLEMY
Where the Earth is centered
PTOLEMAIC OR GEOCENTRIC
Concept of consolation, determined the location of 850 starts
HIPPARCHUS
heliocentrism or heliocentric principle
ARISTARCHUS
Heliocentrict is ____ centered?
SUN CENTERED
Adapted theory of heliocentrism. Even without earth in solar system, it can’t affect the other celestial object
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
Express the idea of stellar parallax that if the earth does revolve along an orbit around the Sun
TYCHO BRAHE
Basic laws of planetary
JOHANNES KEPLER
First description of the moving objects an invented the refracting telescope
GALILEO GALILEI
provides view by looking through lens that focus on one eyepiece
REFRACTING TELESCOPE
Conceptualized the force of gravity and invented the reflecting telescope
ISAAC NEWTON
focusing light through a concave mirror
REFLECTING TELESCOPE
Defined as a group of planets, moons, asteroids, and comets
SOLAR SYSTEM
a chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat
COMBUSTION
model constrained in the formation of solar system
SOLAR NEBULAR THEORY
Starting is cloud - twist and flatten where our solar system is created
NEBULA HYPOTHESIS
the sun burst open and shot out and went to their places; we are from the sun
FISSION THEORY
Planets and moon captured by our sun and began circling
CAPTURE THEORY
Pile of dust and rock chunks pushed together into our planet, same into our moon of the process
ACCRETION THEORY
Our world collided with small planet
PLANETARY COLLISION THEORY
Collision between stars where the planets, moons and sun came to existence
STELLAR COLLISION THEORY
Gas clouds were captured by our sun and they began whirling and the existence of planets and moons began
GAS CLOUD THEORY
the principle of physics and mathematics to learn about the fundamental nature of the universe.
ASTRONOMERS
a natural celestial body (outside earth) and evolution of such objects and all phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of the Earth
ASTRONOMY
Composed of rocks, metals, high densities, slow in rotation, with weak magnetic field and absence of rings
TERRESTRIAL PLANETS
Composed of gases with low densities but fast rotation. They have many moons and often even rings of ice or dust
JOVIAN PLANETS
Center of the solar system
SUN
Solar System (chronological order)
MERCURY, VENUS, EARTH, MARS, JUPITER, SATURN, URANUS, NEPTUNE
Group of rocks that appears to have never joined from the planet
ASTEROID BELT
Explain Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite
METEOROID (SPACE), METEOR (ATMOSPHERE), METEORITE (EARTH)
A very large and very weathered meteorite which was recovered from the Bondoc Peninsula on Luzon Island
BONDOC
loose particles of rocks that blanket the surface
REGOLITH
oceanic and continental crust and mantle
LITHOSPHERE
Causes earthquake
TECTONIC PLATES
Made up of rocks, minerals, magma and sand;
Inner core; Solid earth
GEOSPHERE/LITHOSPHERE
Thinnest Layer; where continents and bottoms of the oceans are located
CRUST
Made of molten rock; 82 earth’s volume; where volcanoes comes from
MANTLE
Innermost layer
CORE
permanent frozen parts
CYROSPHERE
the total amount of water on a planet.
HYDROSPHERE
Mixture of gases( nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor that surrounds the planet.
ATMOSPHERE
Where weather occurs and takes 75% of atmosphere mass
TROPOSPHERE
Where ozone layer is located and 2nd lowest atmosphere
STRATOSPHERE
coldest sphere and where meteors burn upon entry
MESOSPHERE
hottest sphere and where low orbit satellites located
THERMOSPHERE
Outermost layer
EXOSPHERE
All terrestrial ecosystem, life forms and organism survive
BIOSPHERE
balance of substances in the different substances of earth
BIOCHEMICAL
ensures the adequate amount and flow of gases on Earth-gases which are used by most organisms on the planet
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Solid material possessing a definite chemical structure that occur naturally but does not have life
MINERALS
Study of Minerals
MINEROLOGY
Element of Mineral
ATOM
Growth pattern of crystals of different mineral that is determined by the environment by the environment
CRYSTAL FORM
The amount of light reflected by the surface of the mineral
LUSTER
Visual perception of color of the mineral
COLOR
The color of the mineral in its pure powdered form
STREAK
The degree of how hard the mineral can be scratched
HARDNESS
Splitting of crystals along a smooth surface
CLEAVAGE
Minerals split away from its axis
FRACTURE
Ratio of the weight of a mineral to weight of an equal of water
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
minerals that contain Si2O3
SILICATE
Most abundant group
FELDSPAR
2nd most abundant
QUARTZ
do not contain Si
NON SILICATE
type of rick that contains useful metallic minerals that can be mined for a profit
ORE
Molten rock cools down and hardens
IGNEUOS ROCK
formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at Earth’s surface, followed by cementation
SEDEMENTARY ROCKS
formed by heat and pressure
METAMORPHIC
