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Biosci 107 > Early Human development > Flashcards

Early Human development Flashcards

1
Q

Ectodermal germ layer

A

Outside, nervous and skin tissue

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2
Q

Mesodermal germ layer

A

In between tissues, muscular and skeletal system

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3
Q

Endodermal germ layer

A

Inside tissues and gut system

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4
Q

Fertilisation process

A

Occurs in fallopian tube - Sperm travels through corona radiata -> zona pellicuda
-> Sperm fuses with oocyte

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5
Q

Zygote cleavage

A

Day 1. Two cell stage
Day 2. Cleavage of zygote results in four cells
Day 4. Loosley packed cells - Morula formed
Day 5. Cells tightly packed - Blastocyst

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6
Q

Blastocyst

A

Hollow ball of epithelial cells

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7
Q

Implantation

A

Blastocyst embedded into uterine wall stimulates placenta production

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8
Q

Trophoblast

A

Give rise to embryonic tissue

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9
Q

Syncytiotrophoblast & Cytotrophoblast

A

Produce ectodermal tissue, Placenta

Secrete enzymes for blastocyst embedment and hormones for uterus intactment

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10
Q

Hypoblast

A

Give rise to endodermal tissue - Gut

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11
Q

Epiblast

A

Give rise to ectodermal tissue

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12
Q

Inner mass cell purpose

A

Divide and rearrange to form embronic disc and three germ layers

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13
Q

Gastrulation

A

Formation of three germ layers

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14
Q

Primitave streak

A

Formation of this streak on back of embryo initiates gastrulation

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15
Q

NOTO cord

A

Mesoderm that defines where the back bone will be

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16
Q

Embryonic folding

A

Embryonic disc folds inward to form gut - Ectodermal layer folds inward of mesoderm pinching of yolk to form the gut where endoderm is the hollow tube of the gut

17
Q

Stem Cells

A

Replace, regenerate daughter cells for growth, renewal and repair

18
Q

Totipotent stem cell

A

Give rise to embryonic tissues and body cells

19
Q

Pluripotent stem cell

A

Give rise to all body cells that become committed to pathways

20
Q

Multipotent stem cell

A

Give rise to all cells within particular organ

21
Q

Nullipotent stem cell

A

Give rise to only once cell type

22
Q

Unipotent

A

Renew skin cells

23
Q

Decreasing development potential

A

Cells become fixed on a pathway and fixed/limited to a certain fate

Biosci 107 (13 decks)

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