E3 Chapter 11: Language

Question 1

When HW was shown 60 common items the only one he could name was a house. He was diagnosed with a severe

Answer 1

Anomia

Question 2

Many regions located on and around the __________________ form a
language-processing network.

Answer 2

Sylvian fissure

Question 3

What hemisphere primarily processes language?

Answer 3

Left

Question 4

What primary role does the right hemisphere play in language?

Answer 4

Processing Prosody

Question 5

The “melody” of speech, including pitch, intonation,
accentuation of syllables in a word or words in a sentence, and the
duration or timing of speech.

Answer 5

Prosody

Question 6

a broad term referring to the collective deficits in language comprehension and production that accompany neurological damage.

Answer 6

Aphasia

Question 7

Loss of control articulatory muscles (Ex: slurring)

Answer 7

Dysarthria

Question 8

Difficulty pronouncing words

Answer 8

Apraxia

Question 9

Struggling to label object

Answer 9

Anomia

Question 10

What area is Broca’s in?

Answer 10

Frontal Lobe

Question 11

A loss of speech; not being able to produce words

Answer 11

Broca’s aphasia

Question 12

With a lack of speech, Broca patients also have a lack of

Answer 12

Speech comprehension relating to SYNTAX

Question 13

The rules that govern how words are put together

Answer 13

Syntax

Question 14

Difficulty producing and or understanding sentence structure

Answer 14

Agrammatic aphasia

Question 15

Produces incomprehensible speech

Answer 15

Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 16

What area is Wernickes in

Answer 16

Temporal

Question 17

Is comprehension damaged in Wernicke aphasia

Answer 17

Severely

Question 18

What connects both Broca’s and Wernicke’s?

Answer 18

Arcuate Fasciculus

Question 19

What aphasia is a product of Arcuate Fascicular damage?

Answer 19

Conduction aphasia (conduction from one area to another)

Question 20

A patient shows difficulty with incorrect phonetics and word choice

Answer 20

Conduction Aphasia

Question 21

What disorder difficulty repeating phrases, speech phonetic issues, error awareness?

Answer 21

Conduction aphasia a

Question 22

What can be spoken, gestured, and written. It has a vocabulary, grammar, and syntactic rules.

Answer 22

Natural language

Question 23

A word in a spoken language has two properties:

Answer 23

1. Semantics
2. Phonological form

Question 24

A word in a written language also has an

Answer 24

Orthographic Form

Question 25

a mental store of information about words that includes

Answer 25

Mental Lexicon

Question 26

the stage of processing in which the output of perceptual analysis activates word-form representations in the mental lexicon, including their semantic and syntactic attributes.

Answer 26

Lexical Access

Question 27

the stage in which the representation that best matches the input is identified (selected).

Answer 27

Lexical Selection

Question 28

the final stage, in which words are integrated into the full sentence, discourse, or larger context to facilitate understanding of the whole message.

Answer 28

Lexical Integration

Question 29

What are the four organizing principles of mental lexicon?

Answer 29

1. Morphemes 2. Frequency 3. Phonemes 4. Semantic relationships

Question 30

The smallest meaningful unit in a language

Answer 30

Morpheme

Question 31

Help has how many morphemes? How many morphemes does Helped have?

Answer 31

1; 2

Question 32

The smallest contrastive unit of sound in a language

Answer 32

Phoneme

Question 33

Evidence for this type of organization comes from semantic priming studies that use a

Answer 33

Lexical decision task

Question 34

Who proposed the connectionist model of language?

Answer 34

Collin and Loftus

Question 35

What model proposes word meanings are represented in a semantic network in which words, depicted as conceptual nodes, are connected with each other?

Answer 35

Connectionist Model

Question 36

A patient with what disorder might use the word horse when they meant to say the word cow?

Answer 36

Semantic paraphasia

Question 37

Semantic paraphasia is when patients with what disorder make errors in speech production?

Answer 37

Wernickes Aphasia

Question 38

What disorder might a patient have if they READ the word horse when it actually says cow?

Answer 38

Deep Dyslexia

Question 39

What infant vocalization happens at 6-8 weeks and is repeated vowels like oooo or aaaa

Answer 39

Cooing

Question 40

What infant vocalization happens at 4-6 months and is random combos like bababababa

Answer 40

Babbling

Question 41

Speech used by adults speaking with young children; involves short, simple sentences spoken slowly and in a high- pitched voice, often with repetition and with exaggerated emphasis on key words.

Answer 41

Children-directed speech

Question 42

Using the syntax of a sentence—that is, where a word is placed in a sentence—to determine the meaning of the word.

Answer 42

Semantic bootstrapping

Question 43

The ability to improvise new combinations of signals to represent new ideas.

Answer 43

Productivity

Question 44

Sulcus between frontal and parietal lobe

Answer 44

Central sulcus

Question 45

The very deep sulcus between the temporal lobe and the frontal lobe

Answer 45

Lateral sulcus (Slyvian fissure)

Question 46

Semantically related words are organized (separate/together) in your mental lexicon

Answer 46

Together

Question 47

Washoe the chimp was special because

Answer 47

He made up his own sign to stand for words

Question 48

Kanzi the bonobo was special because

Answer 48

he learned his language through the environment of his mother being taught; Learned Abstract symbols to communicate PROTOSYNTAX

Question 49

Alex the parrot was special because

Answer 49

He was trained to produce remarkable linguistic behaviors (he can understand colors)

Question 50

Do animals learn language?

Answer 50

NOOOOOOO