E2 Chapter 6: Recognition Flashcards
Exam 2
Our amazing ability to recognize an object in countless situations
Object constancy
Visual information emanating from an object varies as a function of following factors (3)
- Viewing position
- Illumination conditions
- Context
Sensory information depends highly on your ________________
Viewpoint
The brain uses it’s _____________ to create assumption of visual scenes
experience
A visual illusion that uses an anti-parallel wall to make a person seem much larger than another person
The Ames room
Recognition is largely ______________ to illumination
insensitive (a dog in the shade is registered the same as a dog in darker conditions)
Objects are rarely seen in _______________
Isolation
People see objects associated with
it’s expected environment
Much visual information goes in the ______, which is in the ___________ lobe
V1; occipital
_____________ carry visual information to regions of the parietal and temporal cortex that are involved in visual recognition
Fasciculi
The Ventral (What) pathway is also called the _________________ Stream
Occipitotemporal
The Dorsal (Where) pathways is also called the ______________ stream
Occipitoparietal
VenTral is the __________ pathway
whaT
The ventral stream is specialized for
Object perception/recognition (determining what we are looking at)
The Dorsal stream is specialized for
Object spatial perception (determining where the object is)
The dorsal stream is also called the ___________ pathway
Where
Are the “what” and “where” pathways limited to just vision?
NO they are also seen in audition
Inhibit anterior auditory region caused deficits
in the pattern discrimination task
Inhibit posterior auditory region caused deficits in
The localization task
Patient DF had damage to which pathway? What did this do?
Ventral; Cannot name objects, recognize faces, or distinguish a square from a rectangle
Patient DF could
Use vision to guide actions
People with damage to the __________ stream can see objects but don’t integrate their vision with their arms/legs movement
Dorsal
Ventral or Dorsal damage?
Patient cannot accurately reach out to grasp an object
Dorsal (deals with object localization)
The inability to process sensory information even though the sense organs and memory are not defective
Agnosia
Failure of perception that is limited to the visual modality
(patients can perceive color/shape/motion, but cannot recognize objects/identify their uses)
Visual Agnosia
What are the two types of agnosia we are focused on?
Visual and auditory processing
What are the three major subtypes of visual agnosia?
- Apperceptive
- Integrative
- Associative
A form of agnosia associated with deficits in operation of higher-level perceptual analyses
Apperceptive
A patient can recognize an object when it is in a usual perceptive viewpoint, but cannot when it is shifted to an uncommon one
What type of visual agnosia is this?
Apperceptive
If a patient can perceive parts of an object but cannot integrate them as a coherent whole, they most likely have what subtype of visual agnosia
Integrative
An inability to link a percept with its semantic information, such as its name, property, or function
Associative visual agnosia
A patient that can perceive objects in their visual field but cannot understand their meanings probably has what type of agnosia
Associative visual agnosia
The matching-by-function test tests _____________ knowledge
Conceptual
What tests are participants shown three images and asked to point to the two with similar functions
The matching-by-function
Impairments on the matching-by-function test are common in which agnosia
Associative visual asnosia
The failure to recognize faces
Prosopagnosia
Prosopagnosia patients usually have lesions in which pathway
Ventral
An abrupt loss in the ability to recognize faces caused by a neurological incident
Acquired prosopagnosia
A lifetime impairment in face recognition that cannot be attributed to a known neuro condition
Congenital prosopagnosia (CP)
Monozygotic twins are __________________ in cog functioning
Very similar
Neuroimaging shows that there is electrical activity in the FFA in CP patients. Why can they not see faces?
The actual pathways of perceiving info in the FFA is impaired
Austism patients show _________________ activity in the FFA
hypoactivity
___________________________ support the hypothesis that different brain areas are used for processing face and object recognition seperately
Double dissociation
C.K. had no _____________ recognition, but was able to see
Object; faces
Facial recognition is accomplished by
Holistic processing
Inversions of pictures to make some goofy ass images
Thatcher Illusion
Who are more likely to have prosopagnosia if the other has it: Monozygotic or Dizygotic
Monozygotic
What do monozygotic twins having a predisposition chance of CP prove?
That there is a genetic component to prosopagnosia
