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PHRM 865 > E3 bugs + drugs > Flashcards

E3 bugs + drugs Flashcards

just quick review of basic concepts without the detail

1
Q

most common pathogen CAP

A

strep pneumo

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2
Q

3 atypicals in CAP

A

myco
legionella
chlamydia

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3
Q

when to get MRSA nasal PCR in cap

A

staph aureus infxn

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4
Q

CAP outpatient, no comorbidities, empiric (3)

A

amox
doxy
if macrolide resistance >25% use azithro

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5
Q

CAP outpatient, with comorbidities, empiric:
mono? (2)
combo? (2)

A

mono: levo (750mg) or moxi
combo: b-lactam + macrolide OR doxy

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6
Q

beta lactams recommended in outpatient CAP (3)

A
  • amox/clav
  • cefpodoxime
  • cefuroxime
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7
Q

CAP, non-severe, inpatient.
mono: (2)
combo: (2)

A

mono: levo (750), moxi
combo: B-lactam + macrolide (DOXY NOT USED HERE)

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8
Q

beta lactams recommended in inpatient CAP

A
  • amp/sulb
  • ceftriaxone
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9
Q

CAP, inpatient, severe (no MRSA or pseudo risk factors), empiric:
combo: (2)
combo: (2)

A

combo: levo/moxi + b-lactam
combo: b-lactam + macrolide

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10
Q

MRSA coverage for inpatient CAP if risk factors present (2)

A

vanc
linezolid

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11
Q

pseudomonas coverage for inpatient CAP if risk factors present (3)

A
  • piper/tazo
  • cefepime
  • meropenem
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12
Q

CAP pathogen directed:
strep pneumo, pref drugs (4)

A

pen g
amox
ceftriaxone
levo/moxi

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13
Q

CAP pathogen directed:
staph aureus, pref drugs (4)

A

cefazolin
naf
vanc
linezolid

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14
Q

HAP/VAP common pathogens: (4 total 1 most common)

A

enterobacterales*
pseudomonas
acinetobacter
staph aureus

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15
Q

empiric antibiotic choices for MRSA coverage in HAP/VAP (2)

A

vanc
linezolid

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16
Q

empiric antibiotic choices for pseudomonas coverage in HAP/VAP (5)

A
  • piper/tazo
  • cefepime
  • imipenem
  • meropenem
  • levo
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17
Q

empiric therapy, HAP, not at risk of mortality (5)

A
  • piper/tazo
  • cefepime
  • imipenem
  • meropenem
  • levo
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18
Q

empiric therapy, HAP, not at risk for mortality but MRSA risk (7)

A
  • piper/tazo
  • cefepime
  • imipenem
  • meropenem
  • levo
    + vanc OR linezolid
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19
Q

empiric therapy, HAP, high mortality and MRSA risk (a lot)

A
  • piper/tazo
  • cefepime
  • imipenem
  • meropenem
  • levo
  • tobra
    (PICK 2 CLASSES ABOVE) AND ADD vanc or linezolid
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20
Q

Goal for VAP:
provide coverage for ____ and _______

A

MRSA
pseudomonas

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21
Q

empiric therapy, VAP
(a lot)

A
  • piper/tazo
  • cefepime
  • imipenem
  • meropenem
  • levo
  • tobra
    (PICK 2 CLASSES ABOVE) AND ADD vanc or linezolid
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22
Q

most common pathogens for acute bronchitis

A

resp viruses

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23
Q

3 common pathogens for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

A

strep pneumo
h. flu
moraxella

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24
Q

2 pathogens for pts with frequent antibiotic use in acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

A

enteroabacterales
pseudmonas

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25
Q

3 pref treatments for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

A
  • amox/clav
  • cefuroxime
  • cefpodoxime
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26
Q

3 alt treatments for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

A

doxy
bactrim
azithro

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27
Q

treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis with risk of pseudomonas (1)

A

levo 750mg !!! high dose

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28
Q

most common pathogens for acute pharyngitis:
viruses: (3)
bacteria: (1)

A

viruses: rhino, corona, adeno
bacteria: strep pyogenes *

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29
Q

2 drugs of choice for acute pharyngitis

A

pen VK
amox

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30
Q

4 tx options for acute pharyngitis if non-anaphylactic pen allergy

A
  • cephalexin
  • cefadroxil
  • cefuroxime
  • cefpodoxime
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31
Q

2 tx options for acute pharyngitis in anaphylactic pen allergy reaction

A
  • azithro
  • clinda
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32
Q

3 common pathogens for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

A
  • strep pneumo
  • h. flu
  • moraxella
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33
Q

2 common pathogens in acute bacterial rhinosinusitis for pts w/ frequent antibiotic use

A
  • MSSA/MRSA
  • Pseudomonas
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34
Q

first line treatment option for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

A

augmentin low strength or high strength if concern for pen resistance

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35
Q

3 2nd line tx options for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

A
  • doxy
  • levo
  • moxi
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36
Q

acute bacterial rhinosinusitis tx with concern for MRSA (4)

A

add:
-doxy
- bactrim
- linezolid
- clinda?

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37
Q

acute bacterial rhinosinusitis tx with concern for pseudomonas

A

add levo 750*

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38
Q

most common pathogen for all UTIs

A

E. Coli

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39
Q

some extra bacteria for complicated UTIs (2)

A
  • enterococcus
  • pseudomonas
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40
Q

4 non-b-lactams that are frequently used in UTIs

A
  • nitrofurantoin
  • bactrim
  • cipro/levo
  • Fosfomycin
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41
Q

what 5 oral beta lactams can be used in UTIs

A
  • cephalexin
  • cefadroxil
  • cefpodoxime
  • augmentin
  • amox alone
42
Q

5 tx options for empiric UTI tx for hospitalized pts

A
  • amp + gent
  • cefazolin +/- gent
  • ceftriaxone
  • cefepime
  • gent alone?
43
Q

3 rec tx options for prostatitis

A
  • FQs
  • Bactrim
  • Some b-lactams
44
Q

what are the 2 beta lactams rec for prostatitis tx

A
  • cephalexin
  • augmentin
45
Q

most common bacteria for non-purulent ssti

A

strep pyogenes

46
Q

empiric tx options for severe non-purulent ssti (1.5)

A

vanc + piper/tazo

47
Q

empiric tx for moderate non-purulent ssti (4)

A

-pen
- ceftriaxone
- cefazolin
- clinda
ALL IV

48
Q

empiric tx for mild non-purulent ssti (4)

A
  • pen VK
  • cephalosporin
  • diclox
  • clinda
    ALL ORAL
49
Q

3 causative pathogens for purulent ssti

A

MRSA
MSSA
strep spp

50
Q

empiric tx for severe purulent ssti (3)

A

vanc
dapto
linezolid

51
Q

empiric tx for severe purulent ssti:
targeted antibiotics for MSSA (3)

A
  • naf
  • cefazolin
  • clinda
52
Q

empiric tx for moderate purulent ssti (2)

A
  • bactrim
    or
  • doxy
53
Q

empiric tx for moderate purulent ssti:
targeted antibiotics MSSA (2)

A

diclox
cephalexin

54
Q

management of mild purulent ssti

55
Q

most common pathogen for necrosis fasciitis

A

strep pyogenes

56
Q

empiric antibiotics for severe necrotizing fasciitis (1.5)

A

vanc + piper/tazo

57
Q

empiric tx for severe necrosis fasciitis:
targeted antibiotic for S. Pyogenes (1)

A

PCN + clinda

58
Q

impetigo:
want empiric coverage against ________ and ________

A

strep spp
staph aureus

59
Q

tx for impetigo:
few lesions (1)

A

topical mupirocin 5 days

60
Q

tx for impetigo:
many lesions/outbreak (2)

A

diclox or
cephalexin (we will just use cephalexin for this tho)

61
Q

tx for impetigo:
many lesions/outbreak:
streptococcus ONLY (1)

A

drug of choice is PCN

62
Q

tx for impetigo:
many lesions/outbreak:
Allergies/MRSA (3)

A
  • doxy
  • clinda
  • bactrim
63
Q

DOC animal bites (1)

64
Q

alternative tx for animal bites (3)

A
  • 2nd gen ceph
  • 3rd gen ceph
    + anaerobic coverage
65
Q

common pathogens for DFI
(2.5)

A

s. aureus
strep spp
entero comes up a couple times

66
Q

bacteria to cover if pt presents to ED in indianapolis for DFI

67
Q

Mild DFI: need to cover what 2 things

A

MSSA
strep spp

68
Q

first line mild DFI (3)

A

diclox
cephalexin
clindamycin

69
Q

first line options mild DFI w/ recent antibiotics (3)

A

switch to:
- augmentin
- levo
- moxi

70
Q

first line tx mild DFI w/ MRSA risk factors (2)

A

switch to:
bactrim
doxy

71
Q

moderate DFI:
need to cover what 4 things

A
  • MSSA
  • strep spp
  • enterobacterales
  • anaerboes
72
Q

first line tx moderate DFI (3)

A
  • moxi alone
  • augmentin alone
  • cipro/levo + clinda OR metro
73
Q

tx moderate DFI w/ pseudomonal risk factors (1)

A

SWITCH to
cipro/levo + clinda or metro

74
Q

tx moderate DFI w/ MRSA risk factors (4)

A

ADD:
-doxy
- linezolid
- vanc
- bactrim

75
Q

first line severe DFI (3)

A
  • piper/tazo
  • carbapenem
  • cefepime + clinda or metro
76
Q

tx severe DFI w/ MRSA risk factors (3)

A

ADD
- vanc
- linezolid
- dapto (?)

77
Q

big 3 pathogens for AOM

A

strep pneumo
h. flu
moraxella

78
Q

first line for AOM and dose

A

amox
80-90 mg/kg/day q12h 5-10 days

79
Q

2nd line for AOM and dose

A

augmentin (if amox failure) 90/mg/kg/day q12h and limit clav to <10mg/kg/day

80
Q

when is augmentin 1st line for AOM? (2)

A
  • amox in last 30 days
  • conjunctivitis
81
Q

other 2nd line options for AOM
(3) (can be first if pen allergy)

A
  • cefpodoxime
  • cefdinir - sucks
  • cefuroxime
82
Q

tx option for AOM when oral is not an option or fails (1)

A

ceftriaxone

83
Q

most common pathogen of CSOM

84
Q

initial tx for CSOM (2)

A
  • ofloxacin or
  • cipro
    both ear drops for 2 weeks
85
Q

2 pathogens for AOE

A

pseudomonas
staph aureus

86
Q

3 tx options for AOE

A
  • all ear drops
  • polyB, neo, and hydrocortisone
  • ofloxacin
  • cipro w/ hydrocortisone
87
Q

empiric 1st line tx for ped UTI

A
  • cephalexin (she said shes uses this)
  • amox
88
Q

tx of bronchiolitis secondary to RSV in ped (4)

A
  • oxygen
  • hydration
  • mech vent
  • ECMO
89
Q

2 drugs for RSV protection for infants

A

palivizumab
nirsevimab

90
Q

3 drugs for maintenance lung treatment in CF

A
  • dornase alfa
  • inhaled mannitol
  • hypertonic saline
91
Q

2 anti-inflammatory drugs for CF

A
  • azithro
  • ibuprofen
92
Q

empiric therapy for CF exacerbation, MRSA (5)

A
  • bactrim
  • clinda
  • vanc
  • doxy
  • linezolid
93
Q

empiric therapy for CF exacerbation, MSSA (3)

A
  • cefazolin
  • unasyn
  • anti-pseudomonal b-lactam
94
Q

pseudomonas therapy for CF exacerbation (a lot)

A
  • zosyn
  • imipenem
  • ceftazidime
  • meropenem
  • cefepime
  • tobra/ami
95
Q

2 inhaled antibiotics for CF:
initial:
suppression/chronic:
chronic/cant tolerate above:

A
  • tobra 28 days
  • tobra 28 days on/off
  • aztreonam
96
Q

common pathogen for osteomyelitis

A

staph aureus
also want to cover MSSA + MRSA for like everything it seems like

97
Q

empiric tx for osteomyelitis

A

typically a beta lactam that provides MSSA, strepto, and GN coverage
- cefazolin
- ceftriaxone
- cefepime
- piper/tazo
- holy shit like everything

98
Q

osteomyelitis empiric drugs with MRSA coverage needed (3)

A
  • vanc
  • dapto
  • linezolid
99
Q

bone + joint infection oral drug options for streptococci (3)

A
  • amox
  • cephalexin
  • clinda
100
Q

bone + joint infection oral drug options for MSSA (5)

A
  • diclox
  • cephalexin
  • cefadroxil
  • bactrim
  • linezolid
101
Q

bone + joint infection oral drug options for MRSA (3)

A
  • linezolid
  • bactrim
  • clinda
102
Q

bone + joint infection oral drug options for GNR (2)

A
  • bactrim
  • FQs

PHRM 865 (34 decks)

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