E3 bugs + drugs Flashcards
just quick review of basic concepts without the detail
1
Q
most common pathogen CAP
A
strep pneumo
2
Q
3 atypicals in CAP
A
myco
legionella
chlamydia
3
Q
when to get MRSA nasal PCR in cap
A
staph aureus infxn
4
Q
CAP outpatient, no comorbidities, empiric (3)
A
amox
doxy
if macrolide resistance >25% use azithro
5
Q
CAP outpatient, with comorbidities, empiric:
mono? (2)
combo? (2)
A
mono: levo (750mg) or moxi
combo: b-lactam + macrolide OR doxy
6
Q
beta lactams recommended in outpatient CAP (3)
A
- amox/clav
- cefpodoxime
- cefuroxime
7
Q
CAP, non-severe, inpatient.
mono: (2)
combo: (2)
A
mono: levo (750), moxi
combo: B-lactam + macrolide (DOXY NOT USED HERE)
8
Q
beta lactams recommended in inpatient CAP
A
- amp/sulb
- ceftriaxone
9
Q
CAP, inpatient, severe (no MRSA or pseudo risk factors), empiric:
combo: (2)
combo: (2)
A
combo: levo/moxi + b-lactam
combo: b-lactam + macrolide
10
Q
MRSA coverage for inpatient CAP if risk factors present (2)
A
vanc
linezolid
11
Q
pseudomonas coverage for inpatient CAP if risk factors present (3)
A
- piper/tazo
- cefepime
- meropenem
12
Q
CAP pathogen directed:
strep pneumo, pref drugs (4)
A
pen g
amox
ceftriaxone
levo/moxi
13
Q
CAP pathogen directed:
staph aureus, pref drugs (4)
A
cefazolin
naf
vanc
linezolid
14
Q
HAP/VAP common pathogens: (4 total 1 most common)
A
enterobacterales*
pseudomonas
acinetobacter
staph aureus
15
Q
empiric antibiotic choices for MRSA coverage in HAP/VAP (2)
A
vanc
linezolid
16
Q
empiric antibiotic choices for pseudomonas coverage in HAP/VAP (5)
A
- piper/tazo
- cefepime
- imipenem
- meropenem
- levo
17
Q
empiric therapy, HAP, not at risk of mortality (5)
A
- piper/tazo
- cefepime
- imipenem
- meropenem
- levo
18
Q
empiric therapy, HAP, not at risk for mortality but MRSA risk (7)
A
- piper/tazo
- cefepime
- imipenem
- meropenem
- levo
+ vanc OR linezolid
19
Q
empiric therapy, HAP, high mortality and MRSA risk (a lot)
A
- piper/tazo
- cefepime
- imipenem
- meropenem
- levo
- tobra
(PICK 2 CLASSES ABOVE) AND ADD vanc or linezolid
20
Q
Goal for VAP:
provide coverage for ____ and _______
A
MRSA
pseudomonas
21
Q
empiric therapy, VAP
(a lot)
A
- piper/tazo
- cefepime
- imipenem
- meropenem
- levo
- tobra
(PICK 2 CLASSES ABOVE) AND ADD vanc or linezolid
22
Q
most common pathogens for acute bronchitis
A
resp viruses
23
Q
3 common pathogens for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
A
strep pneumo
h. flu
moraxella
24
Q
2 pathogens for pts with frequent antibiotic use in acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
A
enteroabacterales
pseudmonas
25
3 pref treatments for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
- amox/clav
- cefuroxime
- cefpodoxime
26
3 alt treatments for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
doxy
bactrim
azithro
27
treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis with risk of pseudomonas (1)
levo 750mg !!! high dose
28
most common pathogens for acute pharyngitis:
viruses: (3)
bacteria: (1)
viruses: rhino, corona, adeno
bacteria: strep pyogenes *
29
2 drugs of choice for acute pharyngitis
pen VK
amox
30
4 tx options for acute pharyngitis if non-anaphylactic pen allergy
- cephalexin
- cefadroxil
- cefuroxime
- cefpodoxime
31
2 tx options for acute pharyngitis in anaphylactic pen allergy reaction
- azithro
- clinda
32
3 common pathogens for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis
- strep pneumo
- h. flu
- moraxella
33
2 common pathogens in acute bacterial rhinosinusitis for pts w/ frequent antibiotic use
- MSSA/MRSA
- Pseudomonas
34
first line treatment option for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis
augmentin low strength or high strength if concern for pen resistance
35
3 2nd line tx options for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis
- doxy
- levo
- moxi
36
acute bacterial rhinosinusitis tx with concern for MRSA (4)
add:
-doxy
- bactrim
- linezolid
- clinda?
37
acute bacterial rhinosinusitis tx with concern for pseudomonas
add levo 750*
38
most common pathogen for all UTIs
E. Coli
39
some extra bacteria for complicated UTIs (2)
- enterococcus
- pseudomonas
40
4 non-b-lactams that are frequently used in UTIs
- nitrofurantoin
- bactrim
- cipro/levo
- Fosfomycin
41
what 5 oral beta lactams can be used in UTIs
- cephalexin
- cefadroxil
- cefpodoxime
- augmentin
- amox alone
42
5 tx options for empiric UTI tx for hospitalized pts
- amp + gent
- cefazolin +/- gent
- ceftriaxone
- cefepime
- gent alone?
43
3 rec tx options for prostatitis
- FQs
- Bactrim
- Some b-lactams
44
what are the 2 beta lactams rec for prostatitis tx
- cephalexin
- augmentin
45
most common bacteria for non-purulent ssti
strep pyogenes
46
empiric tx options for severe non-purulent ssti (1.5)
vanc + piper/tazo
47
empiric tx for moderate non-purulent ssti (4)
-pen
- ceftriaxone
- cefazolin
- clinda
ALL IV
48
empiric tx for mild non-purulent ssti (4)
- pen VK
- cephalosporin
- diclox
- clinda
ALL ORAL
49
3 causative pathogens for purulent ssti
MRSA
MSSA
strep spp
50
empiric tx for severe purulent ssti (3)
vanc
dapto
linezolid
51
empiric tx for severe purulent ssti:
targeted antibiotics for MSSA (3)
- naf
- cefazolin
- clinda
52
empiric tx for moderate purulent ssti (2)
- bactrim
or
- doxy
53
empiric tx for moderate purulent ssti:
targeted antibiotics MSSA (2)
diclox
cephalexin
54
management of mild purulent ssti
I & D
55
most common pathogen for necrosis fasciitis
strep pyogenes
56
empiric antibiotics for severe necrotizing fasciitis (1.5)
vanc + piper/tazo
57
empiric tx for severe necrosis fasciitis:
targeted antibiotic for S. Pyogenes (1)
PCN + clinda
58
impetigo:
want empiric coverage against ________ and ________
strep spp
staph aureus
59
tx for impetigo:
few lesions (1)
topical mupirocin 5 days
60
tx for impetigo:
many lesions/outbreak (2)
diclox or
cephalexin (we will just use cephalexin for this tho)
61
tx for impetigo:
many lesions/outbreak:
streptococcus ONLY (1)
drug of choice is PCN
62
tx for impetigo:
many lesions/outbreak:
Allergies/MRSA (3)
- doxy
- clinda
- bactrim
63
DOC animal bites (1)
augmentin
64
alternative tx for animal bites (3)
- 2nd gen ceph
- 3rd gen ceph
+ anaerobic coverage
65
common pathogens for DFI
(2.5)
s. aureus
strep spp
entero comes up a couple times
66
bacteria to cover if pt presents to ED in indianapolis for DFI
MRSA
67
Mild DFI: need to cover what 2 things
MSSA
strep spp
68
first line mild DFI (3)
diclox
cephalexin
clindamycin
69
first line options mild DFI w/ recent antibiotics (3)
switch to:
- augmentin
- levo
- moxi
70
first line tx mild DFI w/ MRSA risk factors (2)
switch to:
bactrim
doxy
71
moderate DFI:
need to cover what 4 things
- MSSA
- strep spp
- enterobacterales
- anaerboes
72
first line tx moderate DFI (3)
- moxi alone
- augmentin alone
- cipro/levo + clinda OR metro
73
tx moderate DFI w/ pseudomonal risk factors (1)
SWITCH to
cipro/levo + clinda or metro
74
tx moderate DFI w/ MRSA risk factors (4)
ADD:
-doxy
- linezolid
- vanc
- bactrim
75
first line severe DFI (3)
- piper/tazo
- carbapenem
- cefepime + clinda or metro
76
tx severe DFI w/ MRSA risk factors (3)
ADD
- vanc
- linezolid
- dapto (?)
77
big 3 pathogens for AOM
strep pneumo
h. flu
moraxella
78
first line for AOM and dose
amox
80-90 mg/kg/day q12h 5-10 days
79
2nd line for AOM and dose
augmentin (if amox failure) 90/mg/kg/day q12h and limit clav to <10mg/kg/day
80
when is augmentin 1st line for AOM? (2)
- amox in last 30 days
- conjunctivitis
81
other 2nd line options for AOM
(3) (can be first if pen allergy)
- cefpodoxime
- cefdinir - sucks
- cefuroxime
82
tx option for AOM when oral is not an option or fails (1)
ceftriaxone
83
most common pathogen of CSOM
MRSA
84
initial tx for CSOM (2)
- ofloxacin or
- cipro
both ear drops for 2 weeks
85
2 pathogens for AOE
pseudomonas
staph aureus
86
3 tx options for AOE
- all ear drops
- polyB, neo, and hydrocortisone
- ofloxacin
- cipro w/ hydrocortisone
87
empiric 1st line tx for ped UTI
- cephalexin (she said shes uses this)
- amox
88
tx of bronchiolitis secondary to RSV in ped (4)
- oxygen
- hydration
- mech vent
- ECMO
89
2 drugs for RSV protection for infants
palivizumab
nirsevimab
90
3 drugs for maintenance lung treatment in CF
- dornase alfa
- inhaled mannitol
- hypertonic saline
91
2 anti-inflammatory drugs for CF
- azithro
- ibuprofen
92
empiric therapy for CF exacerbation, MRSA (5)
- bactrim
- clinda
- vanc
- doxy
- linezolid
93
empiric therapy for CF exacerbation, MSSA (3)
- cefazolin
- unasyn
- anti-pseudomonal b-lactam
94
pseudomonas therapy for CF exacerbation (a lot)
- zosyn
- imipenem
- ceftazidime
- meropenem
- cefepime
- tobra/ami
95
2 inhaled antibiotics for CF:
initial:
suppression/chronic:
chronic/cant tolerate above:
- tobra 28 days
- tobra 28 days on/off
- aztreonam
96
common pathogen for osteomyelitis
staph aureus
also want to cover MSSA + MRSA for like everything it seems like
97
empiric tx for osteomyelitis
typically a beta lactam that provides MSSA, strepto, and GN coverage
- cefazolin
- ceftriaxone
- cefepime
- piper/tazo
- holy shit like everything
98
osteomyelitis empiric drugs with MRSA coverage needed (3)
- vanc
- dapto
- linezolid
99
bone + joint infection oral drug options for streptococci (3)
- amox
- cephalexin
- clinda
100
bone + joint infection oral drug options for MSSA (5)
- diclox
- cephalexin
- cefadroxil
- bactrim
- linezolid
101
bone + joint infection oral drug options for MRSA (3)
- linezolid
- bactrim
- clinda
102
bone + joint infection oral drug options for GNR (2)
- bactrim
- FQs
