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PHRM 865 > E2 Erdman Antibiotic class review > Flashcards

E2 Erdman Antibiotic class review Flashcards

1
Q

MOA for penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams (all the same)

A

inhibits cell wall synthesis
by binding to and inhibiting
PBPs

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2
Q

MOA for fluoroquinolones

A

Inhibit dna synthesis by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerases

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3
Q

MOA for macrolides

A

inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits

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4
Q

MOA for aminoglycosides

A

inhibits protein synthesis by irreversibly binding to 30S ribosomal subunits

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5
Q

MOA for vancomycin and dalbavancin

A

inhibits 2nd stage of cell wall synthesis by binding to D-Ala-D-Ala cell wall precursors

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6
Q

MOA for quinupristin and dalfopristin

A

inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits

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7
Q

MOA for linezolid and tedizolid

A

Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits

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8
Q

MOA for daptomycin

A

causes membrane depolarization by inserting lipophilic tail in cell wall

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9
Q

MOA for telavancin and oritavancin

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to D-Ala-D-Ala cell wall precursors AND causes membrane depolarization by inserting lipophilic tail in cell wall

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10
Q

MOA for tetracyclines and tetracycline analogs

A

inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunit

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11
Q

MOA for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

A

sequential inhibition of microbial folic acid synthesis pathway by inhibiting bacterial dihydropteroate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase

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12
Q

MOA for polymyxins

A

binds to phospholipids in cell membrane causing displacement of Ca and Mg which leads to changes in cell wall permeability and leakage of cellular contents

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13
Q

MOA of clindamycin

A

inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits

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14
Q

MOA of metronidazole

A

prodrug activated by ferredoxins whose activated metabolites damage bacterial DNA

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15
Q

3 mechs of resistance for penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams (all the same) (one different thing with mono tho)

A
  • b lactamases
  • altered PBPs
  • decreased pen through outer cell membrane (GNO)
  • MONO ONLY: lacks altered PBPs
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16
Q

3 mechs of resistance for fluoroquinolones

A
  • mutation in genes that code for DNA gyrase or topo IV (change in binding sites)
  • efflux pumps
  • dec pen through outer cell membrane (GNO)
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17
Q

2 resistance mechs for macrolides

A
  • efflux (med)
  • change in ribosomal binding site (erm)
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18
Q

3 resistance mechs for aminoglycosides

A
  • altered uptake
  • synthesis of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes
  • alteration in ribosomal binding sites (strepto)
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19
Q

1 resistance mech for vancomycin/dalbavancin

A

modification of the D-Ala-D-Ala binding site

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20
Q

1 resistance mech for quinupristin/dalfopristin

A

alteration in ribosomal binding site

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21
Q

1 resistance mech for linezolid/tedizolid

A

alteration in ribosomal binding site (rare)

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22
Q

1 resistance mech for daptomycin

A

altered cell membrane binding through loss of membrane protein

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23
Q

1 resistance mech for telavancin/oritavancin

A

modification of D-Ala-D-Ala vanco binding site

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24
Q

3 resistance mechs for tetracyclines

A
  • tetracycline-specific efflux pumps
  • ribosomal protection proteins
  • enzymatic inactivation
25
1 resistance mech for tetracycline analogs
multidrug efflux pump
26
1 resistance mech for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
mutation in dihydrofolate reductase or dihydropteroate synthase
27
1 resistance mech for polymyxins
alteration in outer cell membrane (dec in Ca or Mg content, dec in lipopolysaccharide content, dec in outer membrane proteins)
28
1 resistance mech for clindaymycin
alteration in ribosomal binding site
29
2 resistance mechs for metronidazole
- altered growth requirements - reduced transcription of ferredoxin gene
30
any beta-lactam class A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
31
fluoroquinolones A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
32
macrolides A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
B
33
aminoglycosides A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
34
vancomycin/dalbavancin A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
35
quinupristin/dalfopristin A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
B
36
Linezolid/Tedizolid A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
B
37
daptomycin A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
38
telavancin/oritavancin A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
39
tetracyclines A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
B
40
tetracyclines analogs A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
B
41
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
42
polymyxins A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
43
Clindamycin A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
B
44
Metronidazole A. Bactericidal B. Bacteriostatic
A
45
all beta-lactams A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
A
46
fluoroquinolones A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
B
46
macrolides A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
A (azithromycin may be conc vs some organisms)
46
aminoglycosides A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
B
47
vancomycin/dalbavancin A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
A
48
Quinupristin/Dalfopristin A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
A
49
Linezolid/Tedizolid A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
TRICK, L=time, T=conc
50
daptomycin A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
B
51
telavancin/oritavancin A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
B
52
tetracyclines A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
A
53
tetracycline analogs A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
A
54
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
A
55
polymyxins A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
B
56
clindamycin A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
A
57
metronidazole A. Time dependent B. Conc dependent
B

PHRM 865 (40 decks)

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