E2: Observing Body Tissues (II) Flashcards
Binds the cells and organs of the body together and functions in the protection, support, and integration of all parts of the body.
Connective tissue
They support and connect other tissues
Connective tissue
Is another major function of connective tissue, in the form of fibrous capsules and bones that protect delicate organs and, of course, the skeletal system
Protection
What type of connective tissue defends the body from microorganisms that enter the body
Specialized Cells
Transport of fluid, nutrients, waste, and chemical messengers is ensured by ?
Specialized fluid connective tissues
Store surplus energy in the form of fat and contribute to the thermal insulation of the body
Adipose cells
What are the two types of proper connective tissue
- Loose connective tissue
- Dense connective tissue
It is reinforced by bundles of fibers that provide tensile strength, elasticity, and protection
Dense connective tissue
The fibers are loosely organized, leaving large spaces in between
Loose connective tissue
Provides structure and strength to the body and protect soft tissues
Supportive connective tissue
What are the Supportive connective tissue?
- Bone
- Cartilage
Various specialized cells circulate in a watery fluid containing salts, nutrients, and dissolved proteins
Fluid connective tissue
What are the Fluid connective tissue?
- Lymph
- Blood
A type of proper connective tissue which provides insulation and fuel storage
It also provides structural purposes like holding kidneys in place and keeping the eyeballs from popping out from the skull
Fat
What are the three factors that differentiate connective tissues from other types of tissues?
- They share a common origin. They develop from mesenchyme which is a loose and fluid type of embryonic tissue
- Connective Tissue have different degrees of blood flow and vascularity
- All connective tissues are mostly composed of nonliving material called the
extracellular matrix
It is made up of 2 components which are ground substance and fibers
Extracellular matrix
A watery, rubbery, unstructured material that fills in the spaces between cells and protects the delicate cells from their surroundings
Ground Substance
Anchors the ground substance
Proteoglycans
Sprouts out of the Proteoglycans
Glycosaminoglycans
Provide support and substance to the shapeless ground substance
Fibers
What are the three types of Fibers?
- Collagen Fibers
- Elastic Fibers
- Reticular Fibers
Strongest and most abundant type of fiber
Collagen Fibers
It is longer and thinner. Form a branching framework within the matrix and made from Elastin
Elastic Fibers
Short, finer collagen fibers with extra coating of glycoprotein
Forms the delicate, sponge-like network that cradle and support the organs
Reticular Fibers
What are the cells in the connective tissue?
- Immature Cells (Blasts)
- Mature Cells (Cytes)
- Machrophages
Stem cells that are still in the process of dividing and replicating
Secrete the ground substance and fibers that form the unique matrix
Immature Cells (Blasts)
Blast cells of the cartilage
Chondroblasts
Blast Cells of the bones
Osteoblasts
Maintains the health of the matrix built by the blasts
Can revert back to their blast form if they need to repair or generate a new matrix
Mature Cells (Cytes)
Big guard cells that protect and patrol the connective tissues and eat bacteria, foreign materials, and even dead cells
Machrophages
Types of Connective Tissues
- Proper Connective Tissues
- Cartilage Connective Tissues
- Bone Connective Tissues
Uses fibroblasts
Proper Connective Tissues
Uses Chondrocytes
Cartilage Connective Tissues
Uses Osteocytes
Bone Connective Tissues
What are the three types of loose connective tissue?
- Areolar
- Reticular
- Adipose
What are the three types of dense connective tissue?
- Regular
- Irregular
- Elastic
True or False
Dense connective tissues have fewer fibers and more cells and more ground substance
False: Loose connective tissues have fewer fibers and more cells and more ground substance
The most common type of loose connective tissue found all over the body just under the epithelial tissue and wrapped around the organs
Made up of fibroblasts cells
Areolar Loose Connective Tissue Proper
It’s a Fat Tissue and mostly composed of adipocyte cells
Adipose Tissue
Woven into reticular fibers and provides the soft internal framework of spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow.
Holds the blood in place in many organs
Reticular Tissue
Full of tight bundles of collagen fibers running parallel to each other. Provide great resistance to tension in one direction
Found commonly in tendons and ligaments
Regular Dense Connective Tissue Proper
Connects muscles to bones
Tendons
Connects bones to bones
Ligaments
Fibers are thicker and arranged erratically. Provide great resistance to tension in multiple directions
Found under the dermis under the skin
Irregular Dense Connective Tissue Proper
Connects vertebra into the spine. Makes some of the largest artery wall and provides both support and flexibility
Elastic Dense Connective Tissue Proper
Doesn’t have any blood or nerves
Cartilage Connective Tissue
Types of Cartilage Connective Tissues
- Hyaline Cartilage
- Elastic Cartilage
- Fibrocartilage
Most Common Type; provides pliable support
Connects the ribs to the sternum
Hyaline Cartilage
More Elastic Fibers, and found in places where strength and stretchability are needed
Elastic Cartilage
Dominated by thick fibers of collagen, and good at withstanding a lot of pressure
Makes up the disc between the vertebrae and knee joints
Fibrocartilage
Osseous tissue
Calcified Connective Tissue perfect for supporting and protecting the body’s various structures
Bone Connective Tissue
Types of Bone Connective Tissues?
- Spongy bone Tissues
- Compact Bone Tissues
- Blood Connective Tissue
Typically found in the heads of long bones and inner layer of flat bones
Strong but porous; uses the extra room to make bone marrow
Spongy bone Tissues
Dense with no visible spaces
Forms the external layer of the bone and stores calcium for bone cells to make more tissues
Compact Bone Tissues
The ground substance is the blood plasma which has protein fibers floating around it
Transports cells, nutrients, hormones, wastes, and other stuffs
Blood Connective Tissue
What are the three types of Blood Connective Tissue?
- Erythrocytes
- Leukocytes
- Platelets
