E2: Observing Body Tissues (I) Flashcards
A group of cells found together in the body
Tissue
The body contains at least _____
200 distinct cell types
True or False
The cells contain essentially the same internal structures, yet they vary enormously in shape and function.
True
True or False
The different types of cells are randomly distributed throughout the body; rather they occur in organized layers, a level of organization referred to as tissue
False: The different types of cells are not randomly distributed throughout the body; rather they occur in organized layers, a level of organization referred to as tissue
The cells within a tissue share a ________?
Common embryonic Origin
True or False
Cells in a tissue share morphological features and are arranged in an orderly pattern that achieves the tissue’s functions
True
True or False
Having tissue level organization increases the efficiency of the body as different shapes and internal structures are better suited to carry out different functions.
True
True or False
Having different tissues for different functions allows for a slow speed of activity and a worse effectiveness in performing the various activities.
False: Having different tissues for different functions allows for a greater speed of activity and a greater effectiveness in performing the various activities.
What are the four categories of tissues?
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscle
- Nervous
Refers to the sheets of cells that cover exterior surfaces of the body, lines internal cavities and passageways, and forms certain glands
Epithelial tissue
Also referred to as epithelium
Epithelial tissue
True or False
Some epithelial tissues are essentially large sheets of cells covering all the surfaces of the body exposed to the outside world, and lining the organs and the body cavities
False: Most epithelial tissues are essentially large sheets of cells covering all the surfaces of the body exposed to the outside world, and lining the outside of organs and the body cavities
Also forms much of the glandular tissue of the body
Epithelial tissue / Epithelium
What areas are lined by epithelium
- Skin
- Airways
- The digestive tract
- Urinary System
- Reproductive systems
Hollow organs and body cavities that do not connect to the exterior of the body, which includes, blood vessels and serous membranes, are lined by ________, which is a type of epithelium.
Endothelium
True or False
Epithelial tissues provide the body’s first line of protection from physical, chemical, and biological wear and tear.
True
True or False
The cells of tissues act as gatekeepers of the body controlling permeability and allowing selective transfer of materials across a physical barrier
False: The cells of an epithelium act as gatekeepers of the body controlling permeability and allowing selective transfer of materials across a physical barrier
What are the three types of shapes of epithelial tissues
- Squamous
- Cuboidal
- Columnar
Flattened and thin cell shape
Squamous
Boxy, as wide as it is tall cell shape
Cuboidal
Rectangular, taller than it is wide cell shape
Columnar
What are the two types of cell layers?
- Simple
- Stratified
It’s a single cell layer of tissue
Simple epithelium
More than one cell layer
Stratified epithelium
Cells rests on the basal lamina
Basal layer
Describes tissue with a single layer of irregularly shaped cells that give the appearance of more than one layer
Pseudostratified
Describes a form of specialized stratified epithelium in which the shape of the cells can vary
Transitional
Has an appearance of thin scales and is present where rapid passage of chemical compounds is observed
Simple squamous epithelium
A nuclei tend to be flat, horizontal, and elliptical, mirroring the form of the cell
Squamous cell
Give an example of a Simple squamous cell
- Alveoli of lungs (where gases diffuse)
- Segments of kidney tubules
- The lining of capillaries
The nucleus of the box-like cells appears round and is generally located near the center of the cell
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Active in the secretion and absorptions of molecules
Simple cuboidal epithelium
What areas are lined in Simple cuboidal epithelia
- Lining of the kidney tubules
- In the ducts of glands
The nucleus of the tall column-like cells tends to be elongated and located in the basal end of the cells.
Also, active in the absorption and secretion of molecules
Simple columnar epithelium
Forms the lining of some sections of the digestive system and parts of the female reproductive tract
Simple columnar epithelium
Composed of simple columnar epithelial cells with cilia on their apical surfaces
Ciliated columnar epithelium
Are found in the lining of the uterine tubes and parts of the respiratory system, where the beating of the cilia helps remove particulate matter
Ciliated columnar epithelium
Is a type of epithelium that appears to be stratified but instead consists of a single layer of irregularly shaped and differently sized columnar cells
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Found in the respiratory tract, where some of these cells have cilia
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Most common type of stratified epithelium in the human body
Stratified squamous epithelium
The apical cells are ________
Squamous
The basal layer contains either _________ or _________
Columnar or Cuboidal cell
In the Stratified squamous epithelium, the top layer may be covered with dead cells filled with _________
Keratin
The lining of the mouth cavity is an example of a?
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Can also be found in certain glands and ducts, but are uncommon in the human body
- Stratified cuboidal epithelium
- Stratified columnar epithelium
