E1C Flashcards
Arm and Cubital Fossa
supraclavicular nerves
skin over shoulder and half way down deltoid
upper lateral cutaneous nerve
branch of axillary
skin over lower half of deltoid
lower lateral cutaneous nerve
skin over lateral arm below deltoid
medial cutaneous nerve
branch of medial cord of brachial plexus
skin of base of axilla and medial aspect of arm
intercostabrachial nerve (lateral cutaneous branch of 2nd intercostal nerve)
skin of base of axilla and medial aspect of arm
posterior cutaneous nerve
branch of radial nerve
skin of back of arm
superficial veins of the arm
cephalic vein
basilic vein
cephalic vein origin
lateral side of dorsal venous arch of hand
cephalic vein path
ascends fascia on lateral aspect
pierces deep fascia
runs superiorly and medially between pectoralis major and deltoid, deep to clavicular part of pectoralis major
cephalic vein termination
axillary vein
basilic vein origin
medial side of dorsal venous arch of hand
basilic vein path
ascends in superficial fascia on medial side
halfway up, pierces deep fascia
basilic vein termination
lower border teres major
axillary vein
compartments of the arm
anterior & posterior divided by medial and lateral intermuscial septa
muscles of the anterior compartment
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
biceps brachii
coracobrachialis
brachialis
biceps brachii origin
SH: coracoid process of scapula
LH: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula, tendon lies in intertubercular groove of humerus
biceps brachii insertion
radial tuberosity through deep facia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
biceps brachii action
flexion, supination of forearm
assist flexion of arm at shoulder
coracobrachialis origin
coracoid process of scapula
coracobrachialis insertion
middle part of medial surface of humeral shaft
coracobrachialis action
flexion and adduction of arm at shoulder
pierced by musculocutaneous nerve
brachialis origin
anterior aspect of lower half of humeral shaft
brachialis insertion
coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
brachialis action
flexion of forearm at elbow
brachial artery origin
lower border teres major
axillary artery
brachial artery path
medial aspect of arm along with median nerve
deep to bicipital aponeurosis to enter cubital fossa
brachial artery termination
cubital fossa
divides into radial and ulnar arteries
branches of brachial artery
muscular branches (anterior compartment) profunda brachii artery superior ulnar collateral artery inferior ulnar collateral artery radial and ulnar arteries (terminal branches)
profunda brachii artery origin
deep brachial artery, deep artery of arm
beginning of brachial artery
profunda brachii artery path
through triangular interval with radial nerve
to posterior compartment of arm
profunda brachii artery termination
radial collateral and middle collateral arteries
participates in elbow anastomosis
superior ulnar collateral artery
accompanies ulnar nerve
participates in elbow anastomosis
inferior ulnar collateral artery
participates in elbow anastomosis
brachial veins
- accompanying veins (venae comitantes) of brachial artery; paired veins that run along medial and lateral sides of brachial artery
- receive tributaries that correspond with branches of brachial artery
- have numerous anastomoses with each other and with superficial veins
brachial veins origin
begin at elbow by union of accompanying veins of radial and ulnar arteries
brachial veins termination
brachial veins drain into axillary vein or into basilic vein before it becomes axillary vein
musculocutaneous nerve
terminal branch of lateral cord of brachial plexus
musculocutaneous nerve path
pierces coracobrachialis
runs inferiorly and laterally between biceps brachii and brachialis
lateral to tendon of biceps brachii pierces deep fascia and becomes superficial
runs down lateral aspect of forearm as lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm (lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve)
musculocutaneous nerve branches
muscular branches
cutaneous branch
articular branch to elbow joint
muscular branches of musculocutaneous nerve
coracobrachialis
biceps brachii
brachialis
cutaneous branch of musculocutaneous
lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm to root of thumb
median nerve origin
two roots:
medial cord
lateral cord
gives off NO branches
median nerve path
runs in arm with brachial artery
it is first lateral to brachial artery
in middle of arm passes anterior to artery, crossing it from lateral to medial
descends medial to artery in lower arm
passes under bicipital aponeurosis to enter cubital fossa
ulnar nerve origin
terminal branch of medial cord; gives off NO branches
ulnar nerve path
runs down in anterior compartment of arm, medial to brachial artery, as far as insertion of coracobrachialis (middle of arm)
pierces medial intermuscular septum and descends in posterior compartment in lower arm (anterior to medial head of triceps brachii)
passes posterior to medial epicondyle of humerus (in this location is superficial and vulnerable to injury
referred to in lay terms as “funny bone”)
triceps brachii
muscle of posterior compartment of arm
triceps brachii origin
long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head: posterior surface of humeral shaft above radial (spiral) groove
medial head: posterior surface of humeral shaft below radial (spiral) groove
triceps brachii insertion
upper surface of olecranon of ulna
triceps brachii innervation
radial nerve
triceps brachii action
extension of forearm at elbow
long head assist with extension/adduction of arm at shoulder
radial nerve
terminal branch of posterior cord
radial nerve path
through triangular interval (with profunda brachii vessels) to posterior compartment of arm
runs inferiorly and laterally in radial (spiral) groove (area where can be damaged by fracture of humeral shaft)
in lower arm pierces lateral intermuscular septum and enters anterior compartment
runs inferiorly between brachialis (medial to nerve) and brachioradialis (lateral to nerve)
radial nerve termination
anterior to lateral epicondyle of humerus divides into superficial and deep branches (terminal branches)
radial nerve branches
muscular branches lower (inferior) lateral cutaneous posterior brachial cutaneous posterior antebrachial cutaneous elbow articular branch deep and superficial branches (terminal)
cubital fossa
triangular depression anterior to elbow joint
cubital fossa boundaries
medial: pronator teres
lateral: brachioradialis
superiorly: line connecting medial/lateral epicondyles of humerus
radial nerve muscular branches
triceps
anconeus
brachioradialis
extensor carpi radialis longus
cubital fossa floor
brachialis
supinator
cubital fossa roof
deep fascia of forearm
reinforced by bicipital aponeurosis
cubital fossa roof contents
medial cubital vein (superficial, connects cephalic and basilic)
medial and lateral cutaneous nerves
cubital fossa contents
median nerve brachial artery (w/ulnar and radial) and veins tendon of biceps brachii radial nerve (superficial and deep branches)
