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Tri 3 - Gross Anatomy II > E1B > Flashcards

E1B Flashcards

Axilla

1
Q

axilla

A

pyramidal shaped space between upper part of arm and side of thorax

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2
Q

axilla function

A

passage of nerves, blood/lymph vessels between root of neck and upper limb

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3
Q

axilla apex

A

cervico-axillary canal

directed toward root of neck

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4
Q

axilla apex boundaries

A

anterior: posterior border clavicle
posterior: superior border scapula
medial: lateral border 1st rib

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5
Q

axilla base boundaries

A

anterior: anterior axillary fold (pectoralis major)
posterior: posterior axillary fold (teres major, latissimus dorsi)
medial: thoracic wall

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6
Q

axilla anterior wall

A

pectoralis major/minor
sublclavius
clavipectoral fascia (encloses pec minor, subclavius)

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7
Q

axilla posterior wall

A

scapula
subscapularis
teres major
latissimus dorsi

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8
Q

axilla medial wall

A

upper 4 ribs (and intercostal spaces)

serratus anterior

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9
Q

axilla lateral wall (narrowest)

A

intertubercular (bicipital) groove of humerus

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10
Q

axilla contents

A

axillary artery and its branches
axillary vein and its tributaries
axillary lymph nodes and vessels
brachial plexus (cords and their branches)

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11
Q

axillary artery origin

A

lateral border of 1st rib as continuation of subclavian artery

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12
Q

axillary artery termination

A

inferior border of teres major

becomes brachial artery

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13
Q

axillary artery

A

surrounded by cords of brachial plexus and their branches

pectoralis minor crosses in front dividing it into 3 parts

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14
Q

1st part of axillary artery

A

lateral border of 1st rib to medial border pectoralis minor

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15
Q

2nd part of axillary artery

A

posterior to pectoralis minor

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16
Q

3rd part of axillary artery

A

lateral border pectoralis minor to inferior border of teres major

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17
Q

1st part of axillary artery branches

A

superior thoracic artery: supplies upper 2 intercostal spaces

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18
Q

2nd part of axillary artery branches

A

thoracoacromial artery

lateral thoracic artery

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19
Q

thoracoacromial artery

A

originates close to medial border of pectoralis minor
pierces clavipectoral fascia
gives off clavicular, acromial, pectoral, deltoid branches

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20
Q

lateral thoracic artery

A

originates close to lateral border of pectoral minor to thoracic wall
supplies pectoralis muscles, serratus anterior, lateral part of breast

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21
Q

3rd part of axillary artery branches

A

subscapular artery

anterior/posterior circumflex humeral artery

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22
Q

subscapular artery

A

usually largest branch of axillary
descents on subscapularis and divides into
circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal arteries

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23
Q

circumflex scapular artery

branch of subscapular

A

curves around lateral border of scapula (in triangular space) to supply posterior muscles of scapula

24
Q 
thoracodorsal artery
(branch of subscapular)
A

inferior continuation of subscapular artery
supplies posterior wall muscles of axilla
terminates in latissimus dorsi

25
Q

anterior circumflex humeral artery

A

anterior part of surgical neck of humerus

26
Q

posterior circumflex humeral artery

A

larger than anterior
passes through quadrangle space with axillary nerve
posterior part of surgical neck of humerus
anastomoses with anterior circumflex humeral artery

27
Q

arterial anastomoses around scapula

A

dorsal scapular (from subclavian)
suprascapular (from subclavian)
subscapular (from axillary)

28
Q

arterial anastomoses around scapula

clinical significance

A

allow for collateral circulation

direction of blood flow is reversed d/t ligation or lesion

29
Q

axillary vein origin

A

inferior border of teres major as continuation of basilica vein, ascends medial and anterior to axillary artery

30
Q

axillary vein terminates

A

lateral border of 1st rib, becomes subclavian vein

31
Q

axillary vein tributaries

A

correspond with branches of axillary artery plus cephalic vein
brachial veins may drain into basilic or axillary veins

32
Q

axillary lymph nodes

A 
anterior (pectoral)
posterior (subscapular)
lateral (humeral)
central
apical
subclavian
33
Q

anterior (pectoral) lymph nodes

A

lateral border of pectoralis minor close to lateral thoracic vessels
receive lymph from lateral quadrants of breast, anterior thoracic wall, anterior abdominal wall (above umbilicus)

34
Q

posterior (subscapular) lymph nodes

A

lie along subscapular vessels

receive lymph from back (above iliac crests)

35
Q

lateral (humeral) lymph nodes

A

lie along axillary vein

receive ALL lymph from upper limb EXCEPT that carried by lymph vessels accompanying cephalic vein (apical lymph nodes)

36
Q

central lymph nodes

A

lie in center of axilla

receive lymph from anterior, posterior, lateral nodes

37
Q

apical lymph nodes

A

lie at apex of axilla
receive lymph from all other axillary nodes plus cephalic vein
efferent vessels from apical group join to form subclavian lymph trunk

38
Q

subclavian lymph trunk

A

drains into thoracic duct (left side) and right lymphatic duct (right side) OR
may drain separately at junction of internal jugular and subclavian veins

39
Q

brachial plexus proximal to distal

A

real texans drink cold beer

roots trunks divisions cords branches

40
Q

brachial plexus roots

A

ventral rami of spinal nerves C5-T1

41
Q

brachial plexus trunks

A

superior
middle
inferior

42
Q

superior trunk brachial plexus

A

ventral rami of C5-6

43
Q

middle trunk brachial plexus

A

ventral ramus of C7

44
Q

inferior trunk brachial plexus

A

ventral rami of C8-T1

45
Q

posterior cord brachial plexus

A

3 posterior divisions of all 3 trunks

46
Q

lateral cord brachial plexus

A

anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks

47
Q

medial cord brachial plexus

A

anterior division of inferior trunk

48
Q

posterior cord terminal branches

A

axillary nerve C56

radial nerve C51

49
Q

lateral cord terminal branches

A 
musculocutaneous nerve (C57)
lateral root of median nerve
50
Q

medial cord terminal branches

A 
ulnar nerve (C71)
medial root of median nerve
51
Q

median nerve

A

lateral and medial roots C61

52
Q

branches from roots

A

dorsal scapular C5

long thoracic C57

53
Q

branches from superior trunk

A

nerve to subclavius C56

suprascapular nerve C56

54
Q

branches from posterior cord

A

upper and lower subscapular nerves C56

thoracodorsal nerve C68

55
Q

branches from lateral cord

A

lateral pectoral nerve C57

56
Q

branches from medial cord

A

medial pectoral nerve C81
medial brachial cutaneous T1
medial antebrachial cutaneous C81

Tri 3 - Gross Anatomy II (20 decks)

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