Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Small Animal > Dyspnoea > Flashcards

Dyspnoea Flashcards

1
Q

Pneumothorax:
causes (3)
Diagnosis (2)
Treatment (3)

A

causes:

  • traumatic
  • secondary to cysts/necrosis
  • iatrogenic

diagnosis:

  • increased resonance on ausculation
  • heart raised of sternum on x ray

Treatment:

  • none
  • drain
  • surgery (lobectomy/pleurodesis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pleural Effusion: kinds and causes

A

transudate: hypoalbumaemia

modified transudate:

  • CHF
  • neoplasia
  • lung lobe torsion
  • ruptured diaphragm

haemorrhare: trauma/clotting disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pyothorax/ exudative pleurisy cause

A

Intrapleural bacterial infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pyothorax/exudative pleurisy CS

A
  • dyspnoea ± lethargy, inappetence, pyrexia, anorexia
  • ventral thorax dullness
  • ± leucocytosis
  • ± anaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pyothorax/exudative pleurisy causes (5)

A

causes:

  • pneumonia
  • penetrating wound
  • haematogenous/lymphatic
  • FB
  • iatrogenic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pyothorax/exudative pleurisy treatment (4)

A
  • thoracic drainage
  • systemic ± local ABs
  • pleural lavage
  • thoracotomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pyothorax/exudative pleurisy bacteria

A

cats: bacteroides, fusobacterium, clostridia, pasteurella, step, staph
dogs: actinomyces, norcardia, bacterioides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chylous affusion causes (5)

A
  • neoplasia
  • trauma
  • congenital
  • congestive HF in cats
  • idiopathic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chylous affusion treatment (5)

A
  • drain
  • put on low fat diet
  • diuretics (especially CHF)
  • rutin (aids fluid absorption
  • surgery: thoracic duct ligation and peridectemy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Diagnosis of Pleural disease

A 
radiographs: lose cardiac silhoette & irregular lung loves
US
CT/MRI
pleural fluidology and culture
biopsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mediastinal masses: physical effects (6)

A
  • venous obstruction
  • dyspnoea (plerual effusion/airway compression/space occupying/laryngeal paralysis)
  • dysphagia
  • horners syndrome
  • hypertropic osteopathy
  • myestenia gravis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes of dyspnoea

  • general (7)
  • pulmonary (7)
A
  • pneumonthorax
  • pleural effusions
  • mediastinal masses
  • megaoesophagous
  • pneumomediastinum
  • mediastinitis
  • mediastinal haemorrhage

pulmonary:

  • neoplasia
  • fibrosis
  • pneumonia
  • paraquat
  • oedema
  • haemorrhage
  • PTE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pulmonary Fibrosis disease

A

middle-old aged dogs
gradual onset with progressive deteriorisation
can be secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pulmonary Fibrosis CS (5)

A
  • dyspnoea
  • tachypnoea
  • exercise intollerance
  • cough
  • crackles on auscultation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pulmonary Fibrosis Treatment (2)

A 
Anti inflammatory (glucocortiocids/cyclophosphamide)
bronchodilators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Paraquat poisoning

  • what
  • CS
  • disease
  • prognosis
A

in herbicides
causes sever dyspnoea
initial alveolitis leads to fibrosis
hopeless prognosis

17
Q

Pneumonia causes (7)

A
  • megaoesophagous
  • viral (feline calicivirus, pox, distemper, adeno, parainflluenza)
  • bacterial (bordetella, strep, mycobacterium)
  • parasitic (ascarids, alurostrogylus, angiostrongylus)
  • mycotic
  • protozoal (tozoplasma)
  • ciliary dyskinesia
  • immundefiecnecy
18
Q

Pneumonia treament (3)

A
  • ABs
  • hydration: releases secretions to cough up
  • NSAIDs?
19
Q

Pulmonary oedema causes (4)

A
  • cardiogenic
  • toxic
  • anaphylaxis/shock
  • neurogenic
20
Q

Pulmonary Oedema treatment (3)

A
  • diuretics
  • oxygen
  • treat underlying cause
21
Q

Pulmonary haemorrhage causes (4)

A
  • trauma
  • coagulopathies
  • pulmonary thromboembolism
  • angiostrongylus vasorum
22
Q

Pulmonary thromboembolism causes (6)

A
  • heart worm
  • nephrotic syndrome (loss of AT3)
  • bacterial endocarditis
  • hyperadrenocorticoism (cushings)
  • IMHA
  • iatrogenic
23
Q

Pulmonary thromboembolism CS (3)

A
  • dyspnoea
  • hypoxaemia
  • sudden death
24
Q

Pulmonary thromboembolism treatment (2)

A
  • heparin

- thrombolysis

25
Q

Pulmonary thromboembolism diagnosis

A

by exclusion

26
Q

laryngeal paralysis

  • causes (3)
  • treatment (1)
A

causes:
neurological
-muscular
-neuromuscular

treatment: surgical unless neurmuscular

27
Q

Tracheal collapse CS (3)

A
  • cough
  • dyspnoea
  • secondary respiratory disease
28
Q

Tracheal collapse management

  • acute (5)
  • chronic (6)
A

acute:

  • acetylpromazine
  • oxygen
  • cool environment
  • short acting corticosteroids
  • opioids

chronic:

  • control obesity
  • use harness
  • avoid exercising when hot
  • environment hygiene
  • avoid respiratory infections
  • avoid barking and excitement
29
Q

Tracheal collapse treatment (6)

A
  • antitussives (butorphanol/codeine photphate)
  • bronchodilators
  • methylxanthines
  • B-adrenergic agonists (terbutaline)
  • anti inflammatory (corticosteroid)
  • ABs
30
Q

Feline asthma
CS (2)
management acute (2) and chronic (3)

A

CS: dyspnoea and cough

acute:

  • Bronchodialtor (terbutaline/salbutamol/adrenaline/atropine
  • Corticosteroids (methylprednisilone/dexamethasone)

chronic:

  • Bronchodilator (salbutamol/salmeterol/terbualin/theophyline)
  • ABs (doxycycline/enrofloxacin)
  • Corticosteroids (Prednisilone)

Small Animal (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions