Dyspepsia

Question 1

Description: What does dyspepsia literally mean?

Answer 1

“Bad digestion”

Question 2

Aetiology/Risk Factors: What are the (a) upper GI causes and (b) lower GI causes of dyspepsia?

Answer 2

(a) GORD, gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer

(b) Colon cancer and IBS

Question 3

THE PATHOLOGY WAS NOT IN THE LECTURE

Answer 3

THE PATHOLOGY WAS NOT IN THE LECTURE

Question 4

Symptoms: What group of symptoms does dyspepsia describe?

Answer 4

• Epigastric pain
• Reflux
• Heartburn
• Bloating
• Discomfort
• Satiety
• Nausea
  (to name a few)

Question 5

THE SIGNS WERE NOT IN THE LECTURE

Answer 5

THE SIGNS WERE NOT IN THE LECTURE

Question 6

Investigations: How do we investigation dyspepsia?

Answer 6

• Endoscopy if ALARMS signs are present

Question 7

THE TREATMENT WAS NOT IN THE LECTURE

Answer 7

THE TREATMENT WAS NOT IN THE LECTURE

Question 8

THE COMPLICATIONS WERE NOT IN THE LECTURE

Answer 8

THE COMPLICATIONS WERE NOT IN THE LECTURE

Question 9

Extra: What do we do if a patient presents with dyspepsia?

Answer 9

When a patient presents with dyspepsia:
History & examination are key!!
Bloods – FBC, ferritin, LFTs, U&Es, calcium, glucose, coeliac serology/serum IgA
Drug history – NSAIDs, steroids, bisphosphonates, Ca antagonists, nitrates, theophyllines, remember OTT
Lifestyle – alcohol, diet, smoking, exercise, weight reduction