Dual Credit History > Dual Credit Winter Final Exam > Flashcards
Dual Credit Winter Final Exam Flashcards
What year did the XYZ Affair occur
1798
What year was the Fugitive Slave Act
1850
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When was the XYZ Affair
1798
When was the Fugitive Slave Act
1850
When was the Louisiana Purchase
1803
When was the Battle of Shiloh
1862
When was the Missouri Compromise
1820
When was the Mexican-American War
1846-1848
When was the Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854
When was the Battle of Gettysburg
1863
When was the Indian Removal Act
1830
When was the Adams-Otis Treaty
1819
When did Whigs win presidency under Harrison
1840
When was the Dred Scott Decision
1857
When was the Tariff of Abominations
1828
When did Stowe publish Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1852
When were the Lincoln-Douglas Debates
1858
7th president of the US, credited with founding the Democratic party, military hero/key figure in shaping 19th century
Andrew Jackson
A pivotal Civil War battle fought in April 1862 in Tennessee. Union forces under Ulysses S. Grant fought Confederate forces, leading to a bloody but decisive Union victory.
Battle of Shiloh
A Confederate general during the American Civil War, Lee is best known for commanding the Army of Northern Virginia and becoming a symbol of the Confederacy.
Robert E. Lee
A Union general during the Civil War who led the Union Army to victory, later becoming the 18th President of the United States.
Ulysses S. Grant
The 16th President of the United States, known for his leadership during the Civil War, issuing the Emancipation Proclamation, and delivering the Gettysburg Address.
Abraham Lincoln
The 11th President of the United States, responsible for expanding U.S. territory during the Mexican-American War, including the annexation of Texas and the acquisition of California and the Southwest.
James K. Polk
A Union general famous for his “March to the Sea,” which devastated the Confederate South during the Civil War.
William Tecumseh Sherman
A diplomatic incident in the late 18th century during President John Adams’ administration, where French diplomats demanded bribes from U.S. envoys, leading to an undeclared naval war with France.
XYZ Affair
The president of the Confederate States during the Civil War, leading the Confederacy in its fight against the Union.
Jefferson Davis
A 1854 law that allowed territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether to allow slavery, leading to violent conflict known as “Bleeding Kansas.”
Kansas-Nebraska Act
A confrontation between South Carolina and the federal government in the 1830s over the state’s refusal to enforce federal tariffs, asserting that states could nullify federal laws.
The Nullification Crisis
A U.S. politician known for his role in creating key compromises like the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850 to ease sectional tensions over slavery.
Henry Clay
An executive order issued by President Lincoln in 1863 that freed enslaved people in Confederate-held territory.
Emancipation Proclamation
An abolitionist who used violence in his quest to end slavery, most notably leading the 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in an attempt to incite a slave revolt.
John Brown
An enslaved African American man whose case, Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), reached the U.S. Supreme Court. The court ruled that African Americans could not be citizens and that Congress had no authority to regulate slavery in the territories.
Dred Scott
A Founding Father, the first U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, and a key author of the Federalist Papers. He advocated for a strong central government and a national bank.
Alexander Hamilton
A turning point in the Civil War, fought in 1863, where Union forces under General George Meade defeated Confederate forces under General Robert E. Lee. The battle had the largest number of casualties in the war.
Battle of Gettysburg
A significant Civil War battle in 1863 that resulted in the Union gaining control of the Mississippi River, effectively splitting the Confederacy in two.
Battle of Vicksburg
A financial panic and economic depression during President Martin Van Buren’s administration, triggered by speculation in land and the collapse of banks.
Crisis of 1837
A prominent abolitionist and the editor of The Liberator, a newspaper that advocated for the immediate abolition of slavery.
William Lloyd-Garrison
A network of secret routes and safe houses that helped enslaved African Americans escape to free states and Canada.
Underground Railroad
An 1820 agreement that allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and prohibited slavery north of the 36°30′ parallel in the Louisiana Territory.
Missouri Compromise
A U.S. foreign policy statement made by President James Monroe in 1823, asserting that European nations should not interfere in the Americas, and the Western Hemisphere was closed to colonization.
Monroe Doctrine
An inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin in 1793, which revolutionized the cotton industry and contributed to the expansion of slavery in the South.
Eli Whitney
The 1814 agreement that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain, restoring pre-war boundaries and resolving several issues, though it did not address the causes of the war.
Treaty of Ghent
Examine how the political, social, and economic ideology of the Jacksonian Democrats was translated into policy during the terms of President Jackson and President Van Buren, and explain the impact of these policies on the United States (Nullification Crisis, Bank Wars, regional politics, Two-Party system, etc.)
The Jacksonian Democrats, under Presidents Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, advocated for populist ideals, emphasizing limited government, expansion of democratic participation, and the empowerment of the “common man.” Jackson’s policies, including the dismantling of the Second Bank of the United States in the “Bank War,” were rooted in a distrust of centralized financial power, but led to economic instability and contributed to the Panic of 1837 during Van Buren’s presidency. Socially, the Jacksonians supported the forcible relocation of Native Americans, culminating in the Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears, reflecting their commitment to territorial expansion at the expense of indigenous populations. Politically, the Jacksonians navigated the Nullification Crisis, asserting federal authority over South Carolina’s attempt to nullify tariffs, thus reinforcing the Union while increasing sectional tensions. These actions, alongside the emergence of the Whigs as an opposition party, helped solidify the two-party system in the U.S., with lasting impacts on the nation’s political and economic landscape.
Discuss the causes of the Civil War. What were the political issues driving the nation to conflict?
What were the social issues? (Dred Scot, John Brown, abolitionism, election of 1860, KS-NE
Act, etc.)
The causes of the Civil War were deeply rooted in political and social issues, primarily revolving around the institution of slavery and its expansion into new territories. Politically, the debate over whether slavery should be allowed in new states and territories intensified, particularly with the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which repealed the Missouri Compromise and allowed those territories to decide through popular sovereignty, leading to violent conflicts known as “Bleeding Kansas.” The Dred Scott decision (1857), which denied citizenship to African Americans and declared that Congress had no authority to ban slavery in the territories, further polarized the nation. Socially, abolitionism gained momentum, with figures like John Brown, who led violent anti-slavery actions, and William Lloyd Garrison, who published The Liberator, advocating for immediate emancipation. The election of 1860, in which Abraham Lincoln was elected without carrying a single Southern state, exemplified the deep sectional divide, leading Southern states to secede from the Union. These political and social tensions culminated in the outbreak of the Civil War.
What were the military strategies of the North and South during the Civil War? Discuss major battles, and their reflections of those strategies. How was the North able to win?
During the Civil War, the North and South employed contrasting military strategies based on their resources and goals. The North, led by General Ulysses S. Grant and others, focused on a strategy of total war, seeking to weaken the South’s economy, disrupt its infrastructure, and defeat its armies. This approach was seen in the Battle of Gettysburg (1863), where the Union decisively repelled Robert E. Lee’s invasion, and in General William Tecumseh Sherman’s “March to the Sea,” which devastated Southern infrastructure. The North also used the Anaconda Plan, a naval blockade that strangled Confederate trade. The South, led by Lee and Stonewall Jackson, adopted a primarily defensive strategy, aiming to protect its territory and gain recognition from European powers, which did not materialize. Battles like Antietam (1862) and Fredericksburg (1862) reflected the South’s ability to win defensive engagements, but it struggled with limited resources and manpower. The North’s superior industrial capacity, larger population, and key victories like the Battle of Vicksburg (1863) ultimately allowed the Union to divide the Confederacy and wear it down, leading to Northern victory.
