DSA 2: Neurophysiology of Emotion Flashcards
What does the limbic system control?
Emotional Behavior
Motivational Drives
What role does the hypothalamus play in the limbic system?
Create physiologic response to emotion
What role does the olfactory areas play in the limbic system?
Smell and emotion is strongly linked and can be a strong stimulus
What role does the thalamus play in the limbic system?
Relays sensory information into system
What role does the basal ganglia play in the limbic system?
Tied to pleasure and disgust
What role does the hippocampus play in the limbic system?
Links emotion to memory creation and plays a role in surprise
What role does the amygdala play in the limbic system?
Tied to fear and anger that can also lead to memory formation
What role does the anterior cingulate cortex play in the limbic system?
Can play a role in why emotions continue after initial event
-Higher level control
What is the mirror neuron system?
Neurons that fire when you see someone else do the same action - play a role in imitation and imitative learning
What is innate fear?
Unconditioned fear that requires no experience
What is learned fear?
Conditioned fear from experience
What is the direct pathway for fear?
Thalamo-amygdaloid pathway to the lateral nucleus of amygdala
What does the direct pathway for fear mediate?
Initial responses to fear
What is the indirect pathway for fear?
Thalamo-cortico-amygdaloid pathway to the lateral nucleus of amygdala
What does the indirect pathway for fear mediate?
Later responses to fear
After inputs from both fear pathways arrive at the lateral thalamus of the amygdala, where do these inputs travel to?
Basal and intercalated nuclei of the amygdala for additional processing
After traveling to the basal and intercalated nuclei of the amygdala, where does the information travel to?
Central nucleus of amygdala
Where does the central nucleus of amygdala send information to?
Hypothalamus to create physiologic response
What happens if a person presents with a damaged amygdala?
Fear is not perceived and there is no conditioning to fear
What receptors does “anger” use?
D2 receptors at amygdala
What can inhibit anger?
Neocortex
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nuclei
Septal Nuclei
What is avoidance?
Prevents behaviors that have short term rewards but long term negative consequences
What are the anatomical structures that deal with avoidance?
Lateral posterior hypothalamus
Dorsal midbrain
Entorhinal cortex
What are the anatomical structures that deal with sadness?
Lower sector of anterior cingulate cortex
What are the anatomical structures that deal with disgust?
Putamen and insular cortex
What are the anatomical structures that deal with surprise?
Parahippocampal gyrus
What does the ventral region of the anterior cingulate cortex do?
Integration of all sensory and emotional processing
Controlling emotion display
Conflict detection
What does the dorsolateral division of the prefrontal cortex do?
Motor stuff
Where does the ventromedial division of the prefrontal cortex receive input from?
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Temporal visual association area
Dorsolateral division of the prefrontal cortex
What does the ventromedial division of the prefrontal cortex do?
Reward processing
Gut Feeling
Delayed Gratification
