Drugs to Tx Asthma and COPD

Question 1

What are the two drug categories used to treat asthma?

Answer 1

1) Anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids

2) Brondiolators such as Beta-2 agonists

Question 2

What do β2-agonists act primarily on in order to reverse the bronchoconstriction of asthma?

Answer 2

Airway smooth muscle

Question 3

Albuterol, terbutaline, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, and levalbuterol are all what type of bronchodilators?

Answer 3

Short acting beta agonists

Question 4

Terbutaline is the only beta-2 drug available by what route of administration?

Answer 4

Subcutaneous injection

Question 5

What are some warning/cautions that the inhaled beta adrenergic agonists can cause?

Answer 5

1) CV effects

2) Paradoxical bronchospasm

Question 6

Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Ciclesonide, Flunisolide, Fluticasone, Mometasone, Triamcinolone, are all?

What is their clinical application?

Answer 6

1) Inhaled corticosteroids

2) Maintenance treatment for asthma and as prophylactic therapy

Question 7

Particular care is needed in patients who are transferred from systemically active corticosteroids to Beclomethasone because?

After withdrawal from systemic corticosteroids, a number of months are required for?

Answer 7

1) Deaths due to adrenal insufficiency have occurred

2) Recovery of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) function

Question 8

How are inhaled corticosteroids viewed in the management of asthma?

Answer 8

Most effective controllers for asthma

Question 9

What do inhaled corticosteroids reduce in the airways and sputum?

Answer 9

1) Eosinophils
2) T cells
3) Mast cells

Question 10

Inhaled corticosteroids are usually given how many times a day?

Answer 10

Twice

Question 11

What appears to prevent irreversible changes in airway function that occur with chronic asthma?

Answer 11

Early treatment with inhaled corticosteroids

Question 12

What is the first line therapy for patients with persistent asthma?

If that does not control symptoms, what is usually added to the regimen?

Answer 12

1) Inhaled corticosteroids

2) Long acting beta agonist

Question 13

When is ciclesonide and fluticasone not indicated?

Answer 13

1) For the relief of acute bronchospasm

2) Patient has oral Candida albicans infection

Question 14

When is budesonide and mometasone not indicated?

Answer 14

Patient with known hypersensitivity to milk proteins

Question 15

Triamcinolone is used in patients who require?

Answer 15

Systemic corticosteroid administration

Question 16

What are used in combination with short acting beta agonists to treat moderate to severe asthma flare-ups?

Answer 16

Oral corticosteroids

Question 17

Between oral corticosteroids and inhaled corticosteroids, which are more likely to cause side effects?

Answer 17

Oral corticosteroids

Question 18

What is the oral corticosteroid used in the treatment of asthma?

Answer 18

Prednisone

Question 19

What caution/warning is associated with prednisone?

Answer 19

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression

Question 20

Formoterol, Salmeterol, Indacaterol, Vilanterol, and Olodaterol all make up what type of bronchodilator?

Answer 20

Long acting beta agonist

Question 21

Long acting beta agonists are used in maintenance treatment of bronchoconstriction in what patients?

Answer 21

COPD patients

Question 22

The use of long acting beta agonists increases the risk of?

Answer 22

Asthma-related deaths

Question 23

Long acting beta agonists should be prescribed for asthma only as concomitant therapy with a long-term control medication such as?

Answer 23

Inhaled corticosteroid

Question 24

What do anticholinergics block from binding to its receptors on certain nerve cells?

Which nerve impulses does this inhibit?

Answer 24

1) Acetylcholine

2) Parasympathetic