Drugs of abuse - PCP, GHB, cannabis, heroin Flashcards
what is PCP
dissociative anasthetic with hallucinogenic properties
what was pcp used for
iv anaesthetic for humans stopped due to side effects
then a vet anasthetic
sources of PCP
illicit only
easy to manufacture
methods of pcp ingestion
smoked most common applied in powder or liquid form to leafy substances such as mint which can then be smoked oral ingestion injection eye dropper snorting inhalation skin
desired effects of pcp
intense euphoria
hallucination
relaxation
dissociation from the environment
onset of pcp
1-5min smoked
duration of pcp
4-6hr
other effects of pcp
agitation, confusion
increased pain threshold
moon walking
cyclic: agitated then calm
toxicity pcp symptoms
delirium hallucination convulsion violent reactions long term use = psychosis
overdose of pcp
coma
seizure
death due to respiratory arrest
dependencies of pcp
tolerance
psychological dependence
no physiological
another dissociative anaesthetic like pcp
dextromethorphan in high doses
what is GHB
gabba hydroxybutyrate
cns depressant
use of GHB
recreational
date rape drug
experimental drug for treatment of nacrolepsy
sources of GHB
illigal to manufacture or sell in canada
recipes on internet easy to make only have 2 ingredients in paint thinner
liquid or powder
how to make GHB
strong base and solvent used in paint thinner
unneutalized base can burn the throat
methods of GHB ingestion
oral - capful of liquid, powder mixed with liquid
why is GHB mixed in tasty drinks
salty taste
desired effects of GHB
relaxation
sense of well being
loss of social inhibitions
GHB onset and duration
5-20min
2-3hr
problems with GHB detection for police
only detectable in blood for 6hr and urine for 12hr
short window of time for testing assault
cant test drinks for it
other effects of GHB
amnesia drowsy slurred speech loss of balance like alcohol kinda
high doses of GHB cause
loss of consciousness slowed heart rate seizure coma death
problems with interpretation of GHB
endogenous metabolite produced by body so have to determine concentration
may be a product of postmortem decomposition
special tests requires for screening - not done routinely
severl analogs of GHB are abused
properties of cannabis
cns depression
stimulant
hallucinogenic
cannabis uses
fiber to make clothing
hemp seeds for food and oil
variaety of conditions
mainly recreational
medical marihuana used for
antiemetic - NV in cancer
glaucoma
antispasmodic
appetite enhancer - AIDS
what is dronabinol
synthetic trans isomer of THC
what is nabilone
synthetic chromenine derivative of THC
what is sativex
natural THC and cannabidiol
used for neuropathic pain and spasticity in MS
sources of cannabis
cannabis sativa plant
sinsemilla - female plant highest THC
hash and hash oil
method of cannabis ingestion
smoking - joint, bong, blunt
oral ingestion
desired cannabis effects
euphoria
relaxation
loss of inhibitions
sense of wellbeing
onset of cannabis smoking
8-9 sec
duration of cannabis
2-3hr
other effects of cannabis
distort time impairmemory and concentration confusion reduced ability to process info balance difficulty spontaneous laughter munchies dry mouth
toxicity of canabis
fearfulness anxiety paranoria more common when ingested orally, first time, or chronic high doses no known deaths
can passive inhalation get you high
would require very extreme conditions with so much weed in the air
why does thc stay in blood and urine for a long time
fat soluble
used every day for a year would stay positive for 8weeks
problems with cannabis interpretation
degrades with freeze thaw cycle
have to do oral test and standard sobriety then take to hospital for a blood test
what is heroin
narcotic analgesic that is 2-3x more potent then morphine
diacetylmorphine
sources of heroin
produced by treating morphine wiht acetic anhydride
powder or tar
methods of heroin ingestion
injection
smoking
snorting
desired effects of heroin
euphoria
sense of well being
relief of pain
onset of heroin
immediiate euphoria
25 min for physical effects
duration of heroin
3-6hr physical effects
other heroin effects
on the nod semiconscious droopy eyelid head slumped on chest easily awakened alert to questions pinpoint pupils facial itching nausea slow deliberate movements
pupils in abused drugs
constricted for opioids, heroin (except demerol)
dilated for cocaine and stimulants
toxicity of heroin
resp depression
coma death
treatment of heroin od
naloxone
dependence associated with heroin
tolerance
psychological dependence
physiological dependence
describe heroin physiological dependence
withdrawl in 4-6h peak in 24-36 insomnia, vomiting, diarhea, hot and cold, weakness, cold like rebound pupil dilation treat with methadone
interpretation challanges of heroin
not detected in body fluids requires a special extraction procedures
wide range of concentrations are seen in deaths
amphoteric: base and acid, requires extraction at ph =8
