Acid base abnormalities Flashcards
diff betwen acidosis and acidemia
osis is the processes that tend to change ph in a given direction
emia is the resultant pH of the blood
acedemia pH
<7.4
alkalemia pH
> 7.4
sites of acid base regulation
chemical buffers
lung
kidney
metabolic acidosis
serum bicarbonate <24meq/L
metabolic alkalosis
serum bicarb >24meq/L
normal sodium bicarb
18-24 meq/L
respiratory acidosis
pco2 >40mmhg
respiratory alkalosis
pco2 <40mmhg
normal pCO2
35-40mmghg
major chemical buffer
pH dependent on relative ratio between carbon dioxide(acid) and bicarbonate (base)
if altered get an acid base abnormality
respiratory regulation of co2 elimination
medullary chemoreceptors in the respiratory center are activated by cerebral arterial CO2
lungs compensate for metabolic disturbances
increasing the rate and depth of respiration increases ….
quantity of CO2 to be eliminated by lungs
renal regulation of H/HCO3
kidneys reabsorb filtered bicarbonate and eliminate H
takes much longer - in resp acidosis
in presence of resp acidosis the kidneys..
excrete hydrogen ions and conserve bicarbonate ions