Drugs of Abuse

Question 1

NMDA receptor antagonists
Extremely toxic

Horizontal and vertical nystagmus, paranoia, agitation, violent behav., rhabdomyolysis,convulsions and death

Answer 1

PCP

Question 2

TX for OD on PCP

Answer 2

Lorazepam

Haloperidol

Question 3

Amphetamine like with strong 5HT pharmaxcology and hallucinogenic, neurotoxic, avoid drinking, serotonin syndrome

hyperthermia + dehydration = death from renal failure

Answer 3

Ecstasy (MDMA, MDA, MDEA)

Question 4

Solvent abuse, multiple organ damage

Sx: euphoria, hallucinations, CNS depression, acute cardiotoxcity

Tx: no antidote, anti arrhythmic (to the sx’s)

Answer 4

Inhalants

Question 5

MOA: interaction of THC with CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors in CNS and periphery

Answer 5

Marijuana

Question 6

SE: sedation, euphoria, increase HR, red conjunctival irritation, delusions, hallucinations

Answer 6

Marijuana

Question 7

Withdrawal: headache, irritably, anxiety, depression, anger

Answer 7

Marijuana

Question 8

5HT2A partial agonist

Answer 8

LSD - hallucinogen

Question 9

SE: hallucinogen, sympathomimetic, causes dysesthesias, dilated pupils

Answer 9

LSD

Question 10

+ cholinergic receptors in CNS resulting in increase DA release
- MAO in brain (increase DA)
Induces p450

Answer 10

Nicotine

Question 11

SE: mild euphoria, increase arousal, appetite suppression

Answer 11

Nicotine

Question 12

Smoking cessation therapy

Answer 12

Patches, gum
Varenicline
Bupropion

Question 13

Synthetic medical cannabis
Partial agonist of CB1

Use: for loss of appetite in AIDS px; for prevention of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy

Answer 13

Dronabinol

Question 14

Date rape drug

Answer 14

Flunitrazepam (roofies)

Question 15

Drugs abused

Answer 15

1) cocaine
2) amphetamines
3) benzos / barbs
4) morphine, heroin, methadone, fentanyl
5) marijuana
6) hallucinogens / inhalants
7) PCP
8) ketamine
9) anticholinergic
10) ecstasy

Question 16

NT: NE, DA, 5HT

MOA: blocks NET, DA, 5HT reuptake in CNS; local anesthetic action from Na ch blockade

Answer 16

cocaine

Question 17

1) increase NE - increase cardio effects
2) increase DA - psychosis, paranoia, hallucinations, tactile sensations, hyperPRL, gynecomastia
3) increase 5HT - aggression, behavioral changes, dyskinesias, decrease appetite

Answer 17

cocaine and amphetamine effects

Question 18

1) excess NE - heart problems
2) excess DA - major psychosis, cocaine delirium
3) excess 5HT - serotonin syndrome

Answer 18

toxicity of cocaine and amphetamine

Question 19

can also cause convulsions, hyperflexia, death, abrupt placenta, enhanced orgasm, erectile dysfunction, rhabdomyolysis

Answer 19

other SE of cocaine and amphetamine

Question 20

cravings, depression, anhedonia, anxiety

manage with antidepressants

Answer 20

withdrawal of cocaine and amphetamine

Question 21

NT: NE, DA, 5HT

MOA: blockade of reuptake of NE and DA, release amines from mobile pool, weak MAOI

Answer 21

amphetamine

Question 22

can use for narcolepsy, ADHD, obesity

also decreases appetite, bruxism, high doses - hypertensive crisis, bug crawling sensation

withdrawal tx with IV diazepam

Answer 22

amphetamine