Drugs for Urinary Tract Disorders

Question 1

pyelonephritis is

Answer 1

an upper UTI

Question 2

cystitis is

Answer 2

a lower UTI

Question 3

Acute cystitis can be caused by

Answer 3

E. coli
Staph
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas

Question 4

Symptoms of acute cystitis and prostatitis are

Answer 4

pain and burning on urination, frequency, urgency

Question 5

The majority of urinary tract disorders are caused by

Answer 5

UTIs

Question 6

pyelonephritis is most commonly caused by

Answer 6

E. coli

Question 7

symptoms of pyelonephritis are

Answer 7

chills 
fever
flank pain
pyuria
painful urination
frequency
urgency

Question 8

Urinary antiseptics/antiinfectives include

Answer 8

nitrofurantoin, methenamine, trimethoprim, and the fluoroquinolones

Question 9

The action of nitrofurantoin is

Answer 9

it is a bacteriostatic or bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial enzymes and metabolism.

Question 10

Nitrofurantoin is effective against

Answer 10

gram+ and gram-

E. coli

Question 11

Nitrofurantoin can be used in low doses to

Answer 11

prevent bacterial growth in the bladder and kidneys

Question 12

Side effects for nitrofurantoin include

Answer 12

rash, pruritus
dizziness, HA, drowsiness
GI distress
pulmonary reactions (dyspnea, chest pain, fever, cough)
Rust-colored or brown urine

Question 13

Adverse reactions for nitrofurantoin include

Answer 13

Stevens-Johnson syndrome
superinfection
hepatotoxicity
blood dyscrasias
peripheral neuropathy

Question 14

Interventions for nitrofurantoin include

Answer 14

Take with food
Shake suspension well
Rinse mouth after taking
avoid antacids
Do not crush or open caps
Do not drive 
increase fluid intake
consume cranberry juice, plums, proteins and vitamin c

Question 15

The action of methenamine hippurate (Hiprex) is

Answer 15

Bactericidal when urine is acidic

Question 16

Methenamine hippurate is effective against

Answer 16

gram+ and gram-
E. coli
P. aeruginosa
pseudomonas

Question 17

Methenamine hippurate is used for ______ UTIs

Answer 17

chronic

Question 18

To decrease the pH of urine a patient can ingest

Answer 18

cranberry juice (several glasses/d)
ascorbic acid
ammonium chloride

Question 19

Methenamine should not be taken with

Answer 19

sulfonamides

this would cause crystalluria

Question 20

The action of phenazopyridine (Pyridium) is

Answer 20

to relieve pain, burning sensation, frequency and urgency

Question 21

The side effects/ adverse reactions of phenazopyridine (Pyridium) is

Answer 21

GI upset (NVD)
nephrotoxicity
hepatotoxicity
Blood dyscrasia
Red-orange urine
glucose test alterations (monitor)

Question 22

The action of bethanechol is

Answer 22

to increase bladder tone of the detrusor muscle (stimulant)

Question 23

Bethanechol is used to treat

Answer 23

hypotonic bladder

Question 24

Bethanechol is contraindicated with

Answer 24

peptic ulcer, COPD

Question 25

Side effects and adverse reactions of bethanechol are

Answer 25

dizziness, fainting, and GI distress,

Question 26

The action of oxybutynin is

Answer 26

direct action on smooth muscle to relieve spasms

Question 27

The side effects of oxybutynin are

Answer 27

drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue blurred vision, dry mouth tachycardia constipation

Question 28

oxybutynin is contraindicated with

Answer 28

glaucoma Urinary and GI obstructions cardiac, renal, hepatic, and prostate problems as they have the same effects as anticholinergics

Question 29

The action of tolterodine tartrate anticholinergic is

Answer 29

to control overactive bladder

Question 30

The side effects of tolterodine tartrate are

Answer 30

``` drowsiness dizziness fainting blurred vision dry mouth tachycardia constipation ```

Question 31

Contraindications for tolterodine tartrate are

Answer 31

glaucoma cardiac, renal, hepatic, and prostate problems Client should report urinary retention

Question 32

Nitrofurantoin is used to treat

Answer 32

acute or chronic UTIs