Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

Classes of drugs used in R.A.

A

NSAIDS, Glucocorticoids, and DMARDs

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2
Q

Indications of NSAIDs in R.A.

A

Reduce pain and inflammation

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3
Q

Indications of Oral corticoids in R.A.

A

Relieve joint symptoms and control systemic manifestations; chronic use may cause many complications

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4
Q

True or False: NSAIDs and corticosteroids do not prevent disease progression or joint destruction.

A

True

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5
Q

Which group of drugs used in R.A. can reduce or prevent joint damage?

A

DMARDs

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6
Q

MOA of DMARDs

A

Delay and possible stop disease progression, but no immediate analgesic effects

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7
Q

Time-line of DMARD effects

A

6 weeks - 6 months

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8
Q

First DMARD usually prescribed for mild, moderate, or severe R.A.

A

Methotrexate

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9
Q

When are biologic DMARDs used?

A

Moderate to severe R.A.

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10
Q

AE of Methotrexate in R.A. use

A

Minimized because doses are much lower than when used for chemotherapy

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11
Q

Used in combination therapy with Methotrexate for R.A. in patients who do not respond to Methotrexate alone

A

Leflunomide; as effective as Methotrexate at reducing disease activity and progression

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12
Q

Least toxic of all DMARDs

A

Hydroxychloroquine

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13
Q

Least effective as mono therapy for R.A.; usually combined with Methotrexate and Sulfasalazine

A

Hydroxychloroquine

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14
Q

Moderately effective against mild R.A. and may take 3-6 months to show effects

A

Hydroxychloroquine

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15
Q

Sulfa drug use in R.A.; benefits show after 2-3 months

A

Sulfasalazine

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16
Q

Limited use in R.A. due to nephrotoxicity and food and drug interactions

A

Cyclosporine

17
Q

Used for refractory R.A.

A

Azathioprine

18
Q

Use in R.A. limited to most severe cases due to increased risk of infection and malignancy

A

Cyclophosphamide

19
Q

Non-Biological DMARDs

A

Methotrexate, Leflunomide, Hydroxychloroquine, Sulfasalazine, Cyclosporine, Azathioprine, and Cyclophosphamide

20
Q

Biologic DMARDs

A

Adalimumab, Infliximab, Etanercept, Anakinra, Rituximab, and Abatacept

21
Q

Anti-TNF DMARDs

A

Adalimumab, Infliximab, and Etanercept

22
Q

Which TNF is most important in inflammatory process of R.A.?

A

TNF-alpha

23
Q

TNF inhibitors can be combined with drug to cause synergistic effects?

A

Methotrexate i.e. Methotrexate + Rituximab

24
Q

True or False: TNF inhibitors act more quickly than non-biologic DMARDs.

A

True

25
Q

Effective in patients who did not respond to non-biologic DMARDs or anti-TNF agents

A

Abatacept

26
Q

Biologic DMARD approved for moderate to severe R.A.

A

Anakinra; modest effects

27
Q

Mainly used as bridge drugs for symptom relief

A

NSAIDs

28
Q

Indications for Glucocorticoids in R.A.

A

Short courses at low doses for symptomatic relief until effects of DMARDs kick in; intra-articular injection for relieve of acutely inflammated R.A. joint

29
Q

Initial Treatment of R.A.

A

Non-biologic DMARD (Methotrexate) + NSAID or corticoid for symptom control

30
Q

Treatment for mildest cases of R.A.

A

Hydrochloroquine and Sulfasalazine

31
Q

1st line treatment of moderate to severe R.A.

A

TNF inhibitors

32
Q

Combination therapy in R.A.

A

Weekly Methotrexate + other agent

Hydroxychloroquine + Methotrexate and Sulfasalazine

33
Q

AE of combination therapy

A

Leflunamide + Methotrexate increases hepatotoxicity; monitor closely

34
Q

Effective combination therapies

A

Methotrexate +

Hydroxychloroquinolone + Sulfasalazine or individually
Cyclosporine
Leflunomide
TNF Inhibitor