Drugs for Neurological Diseases Flashcards
What is a reflex arc?
When stimulus go through spinal cord, initiating a reflex in efferent neurons
What is the extrapyramidal pathway?
Indirect, postural pathway
What speed does the reflex arc take place?
instantaneous
What is the pyramidal tract?
Voluntary, direct pathway
What are muscle spasms?
involuntary, intense, painful contraction of muscle(s)
What can cause muscle spasms?
overstretching of muscle, joint/ligament injury, or dehydration/electrolyte imbalance
What causes pain in a muscle spasm?
Muscle contraction is so intense that the artery is occluded, causing ischemia, which is painful. Also lactic acid is released during spams
What are the common causes of cerebral palsy at birth?
Chord wrapped around the neck during birth, and or chord prolapse
What are causes spasticity later in life?
TBI to the area of the brain for motor control, or STROKE resulting in PERMANENT damage to neurons
What areas of the brain regulate movement?
basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, cerebellum
Injury to what areas of the brain can lead to spasticity?
What is the difference between muscle spasms and spasticity?
Muscle spasms are intermittent, spasticity is permanent (unless treated)
What does ROM prevent?
contractures (constant muscle spasticity)
What is hypertonia?
What are nonpharmacological interventions
rest
alternate between cold and warm compresses
Chiro T, AT, MT
Chamomile
Hydrate
Epsom salt soaks
