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NUR 203 Pharm II > Drugs for Hypertension > Flashcards

Drugs for Hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

What is the force exerted against the artery walls during the heart’s contraction and rest (filling stage)?

A

Blood pressure

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2
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

Volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle in 1 minute

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3
Q

What does Ca do to the heart?

A

More Ca increases heart contractility
Less Ca decreases heart contractility

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4
Q

What sets the heart rate?

A

Cardiac conduction system

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5
Q

What can impact blood volume?

A

Fluid I&O
Kidney function
Environment temp
Illness/stress

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6
Q

What is HTN?

A

130+ OR 80+

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7
Q

What is the leading cause of hypertension?

A

hyperlipidemia

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8
Q

What are the names of the blood pressure classifications?

A

Normal
Elevated
High blood pressure stage 1
High blood pressure stage 2
Hypertensive crisis

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9
Q

What bp is normal?

A

< 120 AND <80

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10
Q

What bp is elevated?

A

120-129 AND <80

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11
Q

What bp is HTN stage 1?

A

130-139 OR 80-89

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12
Q

What bp is HTN stage 2?

A

140+ OR 90+

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13
Q

What bp is a hypertensive crisis?

A

180+ AND/OR 120+

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14
Q

What does the ECG do?

A

Visually displays heart conduction system

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15
Q

What is primary hypertension?

A

Unknown cause for hypertension

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16
Q

What is secondary hypertension?

A

Known cause for hypertension

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17
Q

What does hypertension commonly result in?

A

CVD

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18
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

HR * stroke vol

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19
Q

What is stroke vol?

A

The mL of blood pumped in 1 heartbeat

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20
Q

What is peripheral resistance?

A

The resistance of blood on the artery walls

21
Q

What regulates blood pressure?

A

sympathetic nervous system

22
Q

How do the kidneys impact blood pressure?

A

Renin
Fluid / electrolyte retention / excretion to alter blood volume

23
Q

What secretes renin?

A

kidneys

24
Q

What stimulates the secretion of renin?

A

baroreceptors in blood vessels throughout the body

25
Q

What does angiotensin do?

A

vasoconstrictors

26
Q

What does aldosterone do?

A

Increases Na retention, therefore increases water retention and blood volume

27
Q

What is an age associated factor that impacts blood pressure?

A

Atherosclerosis

28
Q

What does hypertension do to the brain?

A

Increased risk for stroke

29
Q

What does hypertension do to heart attack risk?

A

Increases risk for heart attack (MI)

30
Q

What does hypertension do to the kidneys?

A

2nd leading cause of kidney failure
Decreased blood perfusion can cause kidney damage

31
Q

What does hypertension do to microvessels?

A

atherosclerosis

32
Q

What does hypertension do to the eyes?

A

Hypertensive retinopathy causes vision loss

33
Q

What do you assess to determine bp cuff size?

A

measure acromion to elbow and arm circumference

34
Q

What does the MAP indicate?

A

Determines level of perfusion to end target organs

35
Q

What is optimal MAP?

A

70-110

36
Q

Which class of HTN drug can cause neutropenia?

A

ACE inhibitors

37
Q

What is angioedema?

A

swelling of mouth and throat

38
Q

What should a nurse expect regarding dose when starting a client on an ACE inhibitor?

A

Giving a low first dose then, titrating up.

39
Q

How are ACE inhibitors given?

A

PO only

40
Q

What should the client do if feeling light headed after first dose?

A

lie supine

41
Q

What classifications of drugs for HTN can cause angioedema?

A

ARBs and ACE inhibitors

42
Q

When should a nurse expect a lower dose for a client taking an ARB?

A

If they are taking a diuretic, have liver failure, or when first staring med

43
Q

What should the nurse do if a client on an ARB is experiencing angioedema?

A

HOLD med & call provider

44
Q

A client has been taking eplerenone for a few days and reports no change in his blood pressure. How should the nurse respond?

A

Tell the client that the drug can take up to 4 weeks to take effect, so continue taking the med as prescribe and monitor their bp

45
Q
A
46
Q
A
47
Q
A
48
Q
A
49
Q

A client has been taking aliskiren for a few days and reports no change in his blood pressure. How should the nurse respond?

A

NUR 203 Pharm II (12 decks)

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