drugs for diarrhea

Question 1

list an example of opioid agonists

Answer 1

loperamide

Question 2

what is the first line for rapid symptomatic relief for diarrhea

Answer 2

opiod agonist - loperamide

Question 3

MOA of loperamide, opioid agonists

Answer 3

act on the CNS to decrease motility in intestine, increasing transit time and promote more water absorption

Question 4

major concerns for opioid agonist

Answer 4

potential for CNS effects eg. addiction and abuse.

loperamide: dont cross blood brain barrier

diphenoxylate:At higher doses can have CNS effects and longterm use can lead to dependence
→ Preparations often include atropine to discourage overdose
» Leads to anticholinergic adverse effects (e.g. dry mouth)
» Can contribute to antidiarrhoeal action

Question 5

what class is diosmectite under?

Answer 5

intestinal adsorbents

Question 6

MOA of diosmectite, kaolin

Answer 6

absorbs toxic substances or irritants that causes diarrhea in the intestine.

Question 7

adverse effect of diosmectite

Answer 7

constipation, dont take 2 hours within other drugs.

Question 8

black stool and black tongue is a common symptom for which drug?

Answer 8

bismuth

Question 9

MOA of lacteol fort ( lactobacillus)

Answer 9

Use in bacterial or “traveler’s diarrhoea”
● Preparation contains heat-inactivated Lactobacillus acidophilus

● Adheres onto the surface of intestinal cells and normalizes the intestinal flora by competitive exclusion

● By interfering with the intestinal adherence of other microorganisms, over colonization of these organisms is
prevented

Question 10

Contraindication of lacteol fort

Answer 10

lactose intolerant, maintain hydration