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Endocrinology > Drugs affecting Hypo, Pit, and Thyroid function > Flashcards

Drugs affecting Hypo, Pit, and Thyroid function Flashcards

1
Q

Growth hormone antagonist

A

pegvisomant

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2
Q

Somatostatin analogs

A

octreotide and lanretotide

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3
Q

Dopamine receptor agonists

A

cabergoline, bromocriptine,

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4
Q

GH agonists

A

Somatropin, somatrem (hGH+1 methionine)

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5
Q

IGF-1 agonists

A

mecasermin

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6
Q

GnRH receptor antagonists

A

ganirelix, cetrorelix, degarelix

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7
Q

GH levels in the blood is meaningless. How do you diagnose GH deficiency?

A

Inject insulin. This will cause hypoglycemia and increase GH levels.

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8
Q

GH ______ insulin effects.

A

opposes

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9
Q

With regards to blood glucose, kids with GH deficiency are at risk for what?

A

hypoglycemia

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10
Q

Why might a baby be born normal sized but still have GH deficiency?

A

GH is not needed for prenatal growth

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11
Q

_____ is the generic name of all GH that is identical with hGH.

A

Somatropin

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12
Q

_____ is the generic name of GH with one methionine.

A

Somatrem

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13
Q

hGH therapy in children is most effective when?

A

first 2 years

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14
Q

When should GH therapy be stopped in kids?

A

when growth stops

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15
Q

What are side effects of GH therapy in children?

A

intracranial HTN, papilledema, visual changes, headache, N/V, leukemia

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16
Q

When is GH contraindicated in children?

A

1-2 years following treatment of pediatric tumors

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17
Q

What happens to men when they take hGH?

A

Dallas McCarver
increased muscle, bone
Decreased fat

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18
Q

GH side effects in adults

A

peripheral edema, carpal tunnel, arthralgia, myalgia

19
Q

How do athletes abuse GH?

A

use hGH and sermorelin (hGHRH) which escapes drug testing.

20
Q

Does IGF-1 deficiency respond to hGH?

A

no

21
Q

What is given in IGF1 deficiency?

A

Mecasermin: complex of IGF1 and IGFBP3. The binding protein extends the half life.

22
Q

What is the best treatment for GH excess?

A

pituitary surgery. If not possible, use octreotide/lanreotide. Somatostatin analogs

23
Q

Administration of octreotide and lanreotid

A

oct: 3x daily injections
lan: once every 4 wks?

24
Q

Side effects of octreotide and lanreotide?

A

diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain

25
Q

What is pegvisomat?

A

Growth hormone antagonist that is used in acromegaly and decreases IGF-1. PEG: decreases renal clearance, increases half-life

26
Q

Drugs used in the tx of hyperprolactinemia

A

cabergoline, bromocriptine

27
Q

MOA cabergoline

A

Dopamine agonist- high affinity for D2. Longer half life.

28
Q

MOA bromocriptine

A

dopamine agonist, not as well tolerated

29
Q

What are the diagnostic and therapeutic uses of synthetic GnRH?

A

Diagnostic: differentiate between pituitary and hypothalamic defects in pt with hypogonadoptropic hypogonadism.
Tx pt with reproductive disorders secondary to deficiency of GnRH.

30
Q

How is synthetic GnRH administered? What are side effects?

A

IV pump in pulsatile pattern

Phlebitis

31
Q

Diagnostic uses of gonatdotropin

A

pregnancy kits (CG), time of ovulation (LH)

32
Q

Therapeutic uses of gonadotropins

A

CG–> used to tx infertility
rFSH (a and b follitropin)–> infertility
Menotropin (LH and FSH)–> infertility

33
Q

What is a risk in women using gonadotropins?

A

multiple pregnancy

34
Q

What is tx of male infertility?

A
  1. Androgens to induce sexual development. Gonadotropins used when fertility is desired.
35
Q

MOA of cetrorelix and ganirelix

A

Antagonist of GnRH.

36
Q

Therapeutic uses of cetrorelix and ganirelis

A

in vitro fertilization. Delay premature LH surge and ovulation to allow collection of ova. Follows FSH therapy.

37
Q

MOA and therapeutic uses of degarelix

A

GnRH antagonist. used for men with advanced prostate cancer.

38
Q

What are the GnRH agonists?

A

goserelin, triptorelin, leuprolide , histrelin, nafarelin

39
Q

MOA and uses of goserelin, triptorelin, and leuprolide

A

GnRH agonists Tx of prostate cancer. Initially increases LH production, then decreases LH and testoseterone due to receptor down-regulatin.

40
Q

MOA and uses of histrelin

A

GnRH agonist, downregulates receptors, used in precocious puberty in boys and girls.

41
Q

MOA and uses of nafarelin

A

GnRH agonist used in precocious puberty and endometriosis

42
Q

MOA and uses of protirelin

A

stimulates TSH release from pituitary to test thyroid function

43
Q

MOA and uses of thyrotropin-a hTRH

A

used in diagnostics for thyroglobulin levels

44
Q

What are therapeutic uses of CRH?

A

diagnostics only- distinguish cushings from ectopic ACTH syndrome

Endocrinology (31 decks)

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