DRUGS ACTING ON THE BLOOD INFLAMMATION AND GOUT Flashcards
(94 cards)
Absence of adequate iron result in
small erythrocytes with insufficient hemoglobin are formed resulting in microcytic hypochromic anemia.
What are the causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia?
- Nutritional deficiency
- Chronic blood loss
What is the daily requirement of Iron in male?
Male 10mg
What is the daily requirement of Iron in female?
Female 15 mg
What are the dietary sources of iron?
Meat, cereals
How much total content of Iron in the male adult?
About 4000mg in an adult male
How much total content of Iron in the female adult?
About 2500 mg
Which part of duodenum the iron absorbed?
Duodenum and proximal jejunum.
What are the factors that deceases iron absorption?
Antacids
Gastric resection
Phytates
Iron is stored as
ferritin
Ferritin is a storage form of
Iron
What part of body iron (ferrtin) is stored?
Intestinal mucosal cells
How does iron elimination occurs from human body?
Very small amount are execrated in stool
Trace amounts are execrated in bile
Urine and sweat with total daily excretion not more than 1mg/day
What are oral iron therapy preparations for anemia?
Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous gluconate
Ferrous fumarate
What are the side effects of oral therapy drugs?
Nausea, vomiting
Epigastric discomfort,
Constipation
Diarrhea
What are the drugs used for parenteral administration?
- Iron dextran
- Iron sorbitol
They may be given by deep IM or occasionally IV.
Intravenous iron administration may result
in very severe allergic reactions and thus should be avoided if possible.
Which drug is used in acute iron toxicity?
Deferoxamine - A potent iron chealating compound should be given systemically to bind iron and promote excretion through urine
How does a chealating compound work?
The chelating agent has a structure that allows it to bind to the metal (e.g. ferritin) ion at multiple points, forming a ring-like structure known as a chelate.
What is chelation therapy?
In the case of heavy metal (e.g. ferritin, lead) poisoning, the agent may be given intravenously or orally. During chelation therapy, the chelating agent will bind to the metal ions in the bloodstream and other tissues, and facilitate their excretion through urine or feces.
Vitamin B12 is also called
Cobalamin
What is the synthetic form of vitamin B12?
Cyanocobalamin
What is difference between cobalamin and cyanocobalamin?
Cobalamin and cyanocobalamin are two different forms of vitamin B12. Cobalamin is the natural form of vitamin B12 that is found in foods
Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of vitamin B12 that is commonly used in dietary supplements and fortified foods.
The main difference between the two forms is that cyanocobalamin contains a cyanide molecule.
What is the physiologic function of B12?
Acts as a coenzyme in the synthesis of DNA and is also essential for various metabolisms in the body.