Drugs Flashcards
what is observed with chronic toxicity or in Pt.s taking diuretics?
hypokalemia
electrolyte abnormality precipitated by digoxin toxicity primarily in the acute setting
hypokalemia
shouldn’t be consumed for >2 weeks w/o MD prescription
over the counter
If the Pt. is on diuretics, what is necessary during strenuous exercise
drink alot of water to prevent dehydration
What drug: reduce tachycardia, CHF, palpitations, anxiety, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, HTN, angina, abnormal heart rhythms, increased exercise capacity, vasoconstriction of coronary vessels
Beta Blockers
Beta blocker roots
“-olol”; inderal, propranolol, oxprenolol, sectral, tenormin,
side effects of beta blockers
fatigue, cold hands, SOB, headaches, upset stomach, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness
what drug: anti-HTN, first line diuretic, decreases LE edema, SOB, CHF (it decreases the pre-load and after-load and reduces the workload of the heat
- hydrochlorothiazide (HCT)
- Lasix (loop diuretic/furosemide)
- Spironolactone (aldactone)
Lasix side effects
huperurecemia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia
Thiazides
hypokalemia, hypercalemia (so no old people), hyponatremia, increased risk of LDL levels, hyperurecemia
What drug: is a calcium antagonist, decreases force of contraction of heart muscles, causes vasodilation of coronary vessles, decreases anginal pain (prophylactically), antiHTN, decreases arrhythemias
“-Pine” “-zem”
what drug: anti-arrhythmic drug, used for abnormal heart rate (ie: a-fib, a-flutter, and v-tach)
Quinidine
what drug: increases the force/strength of contractility of the ventricles of the heart -> increasing the SV, decreasing duration of contraction of ventricles
digitalis/digoxin
digitalis/digoxin side effects
arrythmia, palpation, fatigue, weakness (2/2 increased strength of contraction)
digoxin toxicity is very common as well as
hypokalemia
what drug: inhibits biosynthesis of angiotensin II and inhibits the increased BP, lowers BP, decreases fluid retention and peripheral resistance, used for CHF
ACE inhibitors
“-pril”
what drug is used for diuresis
Thiazide, loop diuretics, “-ide”,
what drug: blocks angiotensin II receptor site
angiotensin receptor blockers: losartan
what druge is a loop diuretic to treat CHF
“-ide”
furosemide, thiazide
what drug: decreases angina pectoris, decreases pre-load through peripheral vasodilation, coronary artery vasodilation, and decreases myocardial oxygen demand
nitrates
what drug: lowers high cholesterol
Statins
lipitor (atorvastain), zocor, livalo, crestor
what drug: lowers blood cholesterol
niacin
what drug is a treatment for constipation
colace
fibers, laxatives
signs of GI tract disorders
ground coffee emesis, melena
what drug decreases the amount of acids in the stomach
famotidine, omeprazole
