Burns Flashcards
sensory receptors in skin, classification of burns
Free nerve ending of epidermis
detects pain and itch
Free nerve ending of dermis
detects pain
Merkel’s disks
located in stratum spinosum detect touch
Ruffini’s corpuscle
located in papillary dermis detect warm
Meissner’s corpuscle
located in papillary dermis detect touch
Krause’s end bulb
located in papillary dermis detect cold
Pacinian corpuscle
located in reticular dermis, detect pressure and vibration
Epidermal burn
Color: erythematous, pink or red, irritated dermis
Surface: no blisters, delayed pain, tender
Swelling: minimal edema, spontaneous healing, no scars
Superficial partial thickness burn
color: bright pink or red, mottled red, inflamed dermis, blanching and brisk capillary refill
surface: intact blisters, moist or weeping, sensitive to temperature and light touch
swelling: mod edema, spontaneous healing, minimal scarring
Deep partial thickness burn
color: mixed red, waxy white, blanching with slow capillary refill
surface: broken blisters, wet surface, sensitive to pressure but insensitive to light touch or soft pinprick
swelling: marked edema, slow healing, excessive scarring
Full thickness burn
color: white (ischemic), charred, tan, fawn, mahogany, black, red (hgb fixation) no blanching, poor circulation
surface: parchment like, leathery, rigid, dry, anesthetic, hair pulls out easily
swelling: area depressed, heals with grafts, scarring
Subdermal burn
color: charred
surface: subcutaneous tissue evident; anesthetic, muscle damage, neurological involvement
swelling: tissue defects, grafts/ flaps, scarring
Anterior neck burn
Deformity: flexion
Position: hyperextension
use of rigid cervical orthosis
Shoulder- axilla burn
Deformity: adduction and internal rotation
Position: abduction, flexion, external rotation
use of airplane splint
Elbow burn
Deformity: flexion and pronation
position: extension and supination
Hand burn
Deformity: claw hand (intrinsic plus)
Position: wrist extension, MCP flexion, PIP/DIP extension, thumb abd
wrap fingers separately
Hip and groin burn
Deformity: flexion and adduction
Position: all motions, especially hip extension and abduction
Knee burn
Deformity: flexion
Position: extension
use of posterior knee splint
Ankle burn
Deformity: plantar flexion
Position: all motions especially DF
use of plastic AFO with cutout at Achilles and position ankle in neutral
