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Final Pharamcology > drug_endocrine > Flashcards

drug_endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Octreotide

A

GH (Somatotropin); somatostatin agonist

tx. gigantism, acromegaly

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2
Q

Prolactin
Dopamine-receptor agonists
ie. Bromocriptine, Cabergoline

A

tx. hyperprolactinemia

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3
Q

Oxytocin

A

milk ejection, induce or reinforce labor

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4
Q

Vasopressin

A

management of Diabetes insidious, septic shock

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5
Q

Terlipressin

A

Vasopressin analogue

tx. bleeding esophageal varices

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6
Q

Levothyroxine (T4)

A

drug of choice for HYPOthyroidism

replaces normal serum levels of T4 and T3

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7
Q

Methimazole (Tapazole)

A

tx. HYPERthyroidism

inhibits iodination of tyrosine groups

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8
Q

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

A

tx. HYPERthyroidism

inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

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9
Q

Iodine / Iodide

A

tx. HYPERthyroidism

useful for 2 weeks then the gland adopts and resumes thyroxine secretion

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10
Q

Propranolol (Inderal)

A

tx. HYPERthyroidism
Beta-blocker; for emergent preparation of hyperthyroid patients for surgery, thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy and thyroid storm

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11
Q

Hydrocortisone (solu-cortef)

A

Adrenocoricosteroid drug_glucocorticoid
tx. PREFERRED drug for replacement therapy_Addison’s, rheumatoid arthritis, allergic conditions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis

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12
Q

Prednisone

A

Adrenocoricosteroid drug_glucocorticoid

tx. replacement therapy for Addison’s, rheumatoid arthritis, allergic conditions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis

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13
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron)

A

Adrenocoricosteroid drug_glucocorticoid

tx. replacement therapy for Addison’s, rheumatoid arthritis, allergic conditions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis

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14
Q

Beclomethasone (Beclovent)

A

Adrenocoricosteroid drug_glucocorticoid

tx. replacement therapy for Addison’s, rheumatoid arthritis, allergic conditions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis

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15
Q

Fludrocortisone (Florinef)

A

Adrenocoricosteroid drug_mineralocorticoids

tx. Addison’s disease, orthostatic hypotension
* potent mineralocorticoid activity

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16
Q

Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

A

Inhibitor of adrenal normal synthesis and ax

tx. antifungal agent; Cushing’s syndrome

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17
Q

Spiranolactone (Aldactone)

A

Inhibitor of adrenal normal synthesis and ax

tx. antihypertensive drug, hyperaldosteronism, hirsutism in women

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18
Q

Estrogens

A

tx. oral contraceptive; menopausal peeps, hot flashes, vaginal atrophy; replacement therapy for hypogonadism, osteoporosis

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19
Q

u/e Estrogens

A 
most common: nausea, breast tenderness
endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma
edema, weight gain
breast carcinoma
hyperpigmentation
thromboembolic events, MI
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20
Q

Estrogens + Progestin

A

to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma

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21
Q

Estradiol

A

Sex steroid_Estrogen

most common

22
Q

Diethylstilbestrol (stilphostrol)

A

Sex steroid_estrogen

associated with cervical and vaginal carcinoma in daughters of women who took the drug during pregnancy

23
Q

Tamoxifen

A

Sex steroid_SERMS [selective estrogen receptor modulators]

tx. estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women

24
Q

u/e Tamoxifen

A

increased risk of uterine cancer

25
Q

Raloxifene (Evista)

A

Sex steroid_SERMS [selective estrogen receptor modulators]

tx. and prevention for osteoporosis

26
Q

Clomiphene (Clomid)

A

Sex steroid_SERMS [selective estrogen receptor modulators]

tx. infertility

27
Q

Progestins

A

use. oral contraceptives, replacement therapy, uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, and management of endometriosis

28
Q

Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-provera)

A

Sex steroid_Progestines

tx. uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, and management of endometriosis

29
Q

u/e Progestins

ie. Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-provera)

A

weight gain, edema, depression, thrombophlebitis or pulmonary embolism

30
Q

Mifepristone

A

Sex steroid_antiprogestins

tx. termination of pregnancy

31
Q

Contraceptive

Transdermal path

A

3 weeks on, 1 week off

less effective in woman weighting >90kg

32
Q

Contraceptive

Progestin-only pill (mini pill)

A

taken daily on continuous schedule

less effective

33
Q

Contraceptive

Injectable progestins

A

given IM or SC every 3 months

34
Q

Contraceptive

Progestin implants

A

implanted subdermally

(1) 4cm capsule provides contraception for +/- 3 years

35
Q

Contraceptive

Progestin intrauterine device

A

contraception for +/- 5 years

36
Q

Contraceptive

Postcoital contraception

A

morning after pill
reduces the chance of pregnancy to 0.2-0.3%
high doses of progestin or estrogen

37
Q

u/e oral contraceptives

A

breast fullness, nausea, vomiting, depression, edema

abnormal clotting in women who smokes and >35 year old

38
Q

Testosterone propionate

A

Androgen_testosterone derivatives

tx. palliative tx of breast cancer

39
Q

Fluxymesterone

A

Androgen_testosterone derivatives

tx. hypogonadism in males (childhood)

40
Q

DHEA

A

Androgen_anabolic steroids
tx. growth stimulation, bone marrow stimulation in aplastic anemia, stimulation of appetite, preservation and increase in muscle mass, induce male puberty
anti-aging hormone, performance enhancer at normal therapeutic doses

41
Q

Finasteride (propecia)

A

Antiandrogens_5-alpha-reductase inhibitor

tx. BPH; at lower dose, hair growth in male pattern baldness

42
Q

Flutamide

A

Antiandrogens_androgen receptor antagonist

tx. prostate carcinoma in males

43
Q

Crystalline zinc insulin (Humulin)

A

Insulin_rapid onset upto 16 hours

tx. hyperglycemia, safe in pregnancy
* subcutaneous or IV in emergencies

44
Q

Isophane insulin (NPH)

A

Insulin_Intermediate onset upto 28 hours

tx. all forms of diabetes except diabetic ketoacidosis or emergency hyperglycemia
* ONLY subcutaneous

45
Q

Glargine insulin

A

Insulin_prolonged duration >36 hours

46
Q

Chlorpropamide (diabenase)

A

Oral Hypoglycemic drug_sulfonylurias

1st generation

47
Q

Glipizide (Glucotrol)

A

Oral Hypoglycemic drug_sulfonylurias

2nd generation

48
Q

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

A

Oral hypoglycemic drug_thiazolidinediones (Glitazones)

49
Q

Metformin (Glucophage)

A

Oral hypoglycemic drug_ONLY biguanides
tx. drug of choice for newly dx type II diabetics, effective for polycystic ovary disease
hypoglycemic drug proven to decrease cardiovascular mortality

50
Q

Acarbose (Precose)

A

Oral hypoglycemic drug_alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Final Pharamcology (8 decks)

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