DRUG SAMPLES 3 Flashcards
Mechanism of action of Dimenhydrinate (RAMAMINE)?
Competitive H1 blocker (1St generation H1 receptor antagonist)
Similar drug as Dimenhydrinate (RAMAMINE)?
Chlorophenhydramine
Therapeutic three uses of Dimenhydrinate (RAMAMINE)? M.A.P
1- Motion sickness
2- Allergic disorders
3- Preanesthetic medication
Three main Adverse Effects of Dimenhydrinate (RAMAMINE)?
A.P.S.G
1- Atropine like action
2- Postural hypotension
3- Sedation
4- GIT disturbance (nausea, vomiting)
Uses of Dimenhydrinate (RAMAMINE)? in dentistry
1- Allergy
2- Preanesthetic medication
Mechanism of action of
Loratadine ( Claritine ) ?
Competitive H1 blocker (2nd generation)
Similar drug as Loratadine ( Claritine )?
Fexo/ ceti
Fexofenadine , cetirizine
three therapeutic uses of
Loratadine (Claritine)?
1/ Allergic disease
2/ Anaphylactic shock with adrenaline
Uses of Loratadine (Claritine) in dentistry?
1/ Pre-anesthetic
2/ Anaphylactic shock with adrenaline
Advantages of Loratadine (Claritine) ?
Less/longer/No
1- less sedation
2- Longer duration
3- No atropine side effects
Mechanism of action of
Ciprofloxacin (CIPROXIN / CIPROCIN)?
Iso 2,4
Bactericidal inhibit isomerase 2 in Gm–ve & isomerase 4 in Gm+ve
Antimicrobial activity of Ciprofloxacin (CIPROXIN / CIPROCIN)?
بتاععععع الباكتيريا
Bactericidal broad spectrum
Three Main Therapeutic uses of Ciprofloxacin (CIPROXIN / CIPROCIN)?
T.R.U.G
1- ttt of UTI
2- ttt of Typhoid
3- ttt of gonorrhea
4- ttt of Respiratory tract infection
Three Main Adverse Effects of Ciprofloxacin (CIPROXIN / CIPROCIN)?
بيكره ال bone واي حاجة تبعها
-Arthropathic damage of bone cartilage drug
-drug interaction
The use of Ciprofloxacin (CIPROXIN / CIPROCIN) in children?
عدو ال bone وقرايب الbone
Contraindicated in Children less than 18
damage of growing cartilage and bone &joint damage
Uses of Ciprofloxacin (CIPROXIN / CIPROCIN) in Dentistry?
ثبروفلوكثاثين بيعالج اللثه
Management of refractory periodontitis
Mechanism of action of Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (AUGMENTIN)?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis
Similar drug as Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (AUGMENTIN)?
A-B-C/ P-P
Ampicillin – pivampicillin- bacampicillin-
Cloxacillin-penicillin
Therapeutic uses of Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (AUGMENTIN)?
BTW /TGD
1/ Broad spectrum Antibiotics
2/ Tonsillitis hURT infection
3/ wound sepsis-meningococcal infections
4/ gonorrhea-tetanus-diphtheria.
Side effects of Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (AUGMENTIN)?
A.u.G.ment.IN
1- Allergic reactions
2- GIT disturbance and superinfection
3- CNS irritation if intrathecal
Value of combination of Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (AUGMENTIN)?
Clavulanic acid is beta-lactamase inhibitor protect amoxicillin from inactivation by B-lactamases secreted by some bacteria
Uses of Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (AUGMENTIN) in Dentistry?
- ttt of facial and dental infection
- ttt infection by G+ve and G-ve anerobic
Mechanism of action of
Gentamicin (GARAMYCIN)?
Inhibit the protein synthesis of bacteria
Similar drugs as Gentamicin (GARAMYCIN)?
Strept/tobra/neo/amika
Streptomycin-amikacin-
Tobramycin-neomycin
Therapeutic uses of Gentamicin (GARAMYCIN)?
G.E.n.T.a.M.icin
- Severe serious gram-ve infections : - -Pneumonia, UTI, osteomyelitis
- Pseudomonas infection
- Enterobacter endocarditis
- Methicillin-resistant staph (MRSA)
- Topically»_space;> burns, wounds &skin lesions
Side effects of Gentamicin (GARAMYCIN)?
2 toxicity / relax
اهدى انا بس هسممك مش هعمل حاجة
- ototoxicity(damage 8th cranial nerve)
- Reversible nephrotoxicity
- Skeletal muscle relaxation
- Allergy
- GIT upset
Spectrum of activity of Gentamicin (GARAMYCIN)?
Narrow spectrum (G –ve aerobic bacteria)
Uses of Gentamicin (GARAMYCIN) in Dentistry?
جينتامايسن جوووووو GO
G > Gentamicin
O > O…
Orofacial infections
Mechanism of action of Doxycycline (VIBRAMYCIN) ?
Inhibit protein synthesis of bacteria (bacteriostatic)
Gentamicin & Doxy
بيكرهوا يلعبوا مع البروتين
Similar drug as Doxycycline (VIBRAMYCIN) ?
Tetracycline
Therapeutic uses of Doxycycline (VIBRAMYCIN) ?
بيعالج بالبرجر burger 🍔
A> خبز البرجر
C> …
A> …
R> خبز البرجر
1- Atypical infection
2- ttt of cholera
3- ttt of Acne
4- Rickettsia infection
Side effects of Doxycycline (VIBRAMYCIN) ?
Teratogenic in pregnant
The use of Doxycycline (VIBRAMYCIN) in children?
- ca+2 deposition in bones& teeth
- Not used in child less than 8years due to permanent discoloration of teeth
Uses of Doxycycline (VIBRAMYCIN) in Dentistry?
ttt of dental infection caused by susceptible organism
Mechanism of action of Azithromycin (ZITHROMAX)?
Reversible inhibition of protein synthesis in bacteria, bactericidal in large dose
Gentamicin/Doxy/Azi
ال 3 بيكرهوا البروتين
Similar drugs as Azithromycin (ZITHROMAX)?
Ery/Spi
Erythromycin- Spiramycin
Therapeutic uses of Azithromycin (ZITHROMAX)?
DWT PC
- Diphtheria
- Whooping cough
- Pneumonia caused by mycoplasma and legionella
- Chlamydial infection
- Topically in Acne vulgaris
Side effects of Azithromycin (ZITHROMAX)?
- GIT disturbance
- Allergy (cholestatic jaundice)
Three advantage of Azithromycin (ZITHROMAX) over erythromycin?
- Longer t1l2
- Less GIT side effects
- More acid labile
Uses of Azithromycin (ZITHROMAX) in Dentistry?
وقايه / G-ve
- ttt of orofacial infection caused by anaerobic G –ve
- Prophylaxis of endocarditis after tooth extraction
Mechanism of action of Metronidazole (Flagyl)?
It is a prodrug within the sensitive protozoal cells and anaerobic bacteria the nitro group of metronidazole is chemically reduced leading to formation of cytotoxic products that destroys the cell.
Similar drug as Metronidazole (Flagyl)?
Tinidazole
Therapeutic uses of Metronidazole (Flagyl)?
3 > iasis
Hp/Clo
Amebiasis — trichomoniasis — giardiasis
Anaerobic bacterial infection as H-pylori and clostridium deficel
Side effects of Metronidazole (Flagyl)?
DHD/V²PN
1- Headache
2- Dizziness - Diarrhea
3- Vomiting -Nausea
4- Vertigo- Paresthesia
Uses of Metronidazole (Flagyl) in Dentistry?
MetroAna
Anaerobic infection in oral cavity
Mechanism of action of Fluconazole (DIFLUCAN)?
F>fungal
They decrease ergosterol synthesis which is essential for synthesis of cell membrane by inhibition of fungal cytochrome p450
Advantages of Fluconazole (DIFLUCAN) over ketoconazole?
-Well absorbed orally
-Not affected by acid and food
-Can cross BBB
-Less endocrine SE
Flu > flow > well absorbed orally
ضد الكسر مش بيتاثر بال acid وال food
بيعمل اللي عايزه BBB
في حاله من غير اذيه لحد
Therapeutic uses of Fluconazole (DIFLUCAN)?
Flu>F > 2 FUNGAL
- ttt of mucocutaneous fungal infection
- ttt of systemic fugal infection
Side effects of Fluconazole (DIFLUCAN)?
Hyper/ Hepatic / GIT
- Hypersensitivity
- Hepatic dysfunction
- GIT disturbance
Uses of Fluconazole (DIFLUCAN) in Dentistry?
ttt of oropharyngeal candidiasis
Mechanism of action of Dexamethasone (Fortecortin) ?
Bind to nuclear receptor»_space;> complex»> enter nucleus»_space;> bind to glucocorticoid receptor element»_space;>modify gene transcription.
(Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive)
Similar drug as Dexamethasone (Fortecortin)?
Hydrocortisone
Therapeutic uses of Dexamethasone (Fortecortin)?
1- brain edema.
2- ttt of arthritis
3- maturation of fetal lung
4- ITP (immune thrombocytopenia)
5- Dexamethasone suppression test
Side effects of Dexamethasone (Fortecortin)?
1-osteoporosis.
3- moon face.
2- hyperglycemia.
4- truncal obesity.
5- cataract & glaucoma
contraindication of Dexamethasone (Fortecortin)?
Herpes simplex keratitis
Uses of Dexamethasone (Fortecortin) in Dentistry?
Orofacial autoimmune disease
