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Pharma > DRUG SAMPLES 2 > Flashcards

DRUG SAMPLES 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of action of
Tramadol (TRAMAL) ?

A

Synthetic codeine but weak (Mu) agonist activity inhibition of NE and serotonin reuptake in the CNS.

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2
Q

Uses of Tramadol (TRAMAL) ?

A

Mild to moderate pain ,
less effective in chronic and sever pain.

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3
Q

Use of Tramadol (TRAMAL) in dentistry?

A

Acute pain

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4
Q

Adverse effects of Tramadol (TRAMAL)?

A

seizures and hypertensive crises with MAO inhibitor , Nausea, vomiting, Addiction

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5
Q

Mechanism of action
of Naloxone(NARCAN)?

A

Pure antagonist to opioid receptor.it has high affinity to Mu receptor, less to K, much less to delta receptors

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6
Q

3 Therapeutic uses
of Naloxone(NARCAN)?

D.N.A

Routes of administration:
Intravenous

A

1-Acute opioid poisoning.
2-Diagnosis of opioid addiction
3-Neonatal asphyxia.

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7
Q

Two similar drugs as Naloxone(NARCAN)?

A

Naltrexone , nalorphine

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8
Q

Mechanism of action of Diclofenac (voltarene) ?

A

Inhibit cox enzyme => decrease prostaglandin => decrease pain, fever, inflammation
(non selective cox inhibitor cox1 &cox2)

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9
Q

Therapeutic three uses of Diclofenac (voltarene) ?

A

1-analgesic => mild to moderate pain , musculoskeletal, has ceiling effect : headache, toothache, dysmenorrhea ,
post operative pain.
2-anti-inflammatory => RA , osteoarthritis.
3-antipyretic

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10
Q

Three main adverse effects of Diclofenac (voltarene) ?

Bronchial/GIT/Renal / حساسية

A

1-GIT side effects are common (N, V, heart burn, PU, GIT bleeding).
2-Hypersensitivity reaction.
3-Renal impairment
4-Bronchial asthma in asthmatic patients

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11
Q

Uses of Diclofenac (voltarene) in dentistry?

A

1-Relieve pain associated with pathologic process (as pulpitis, dentoalveolar abscess) or after surgical procedures.
2-inflammation of the temporomandibular (due to trauma or immobilization).

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12
Q

Similar drugs as Diclofenac (voltarene) ?

A

Indomethacin, tolmetin
sulindac , ketorolac, etodolac

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13
Q

Mechanism of action of
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASPIRIN)?

A

Inhibit cox enzyme => decrease prostaglandin =>decrease pain, fever, inflammation
(non selective cox inhibitor cox1 &cox2)

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14
Q

Therapeutic uses of Acetylsalicylic acid (ASPIRIN)?

A

1-analgesic => mild to moderate pain, musculoskeletal, has ceiling effect : headache, toothache, dysmenorrhea,
post operative pain.
2-anti-inflammatory => RA, osteoarthritis.
3-antipyretic

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15
Q

Three main adverse effects of Acetylsalicylic acid (ASPIRIN)?

A

1-GIT side effects are common (N,V,heart burn,PU,GIT bleeding).
2-Hypersensitivity reaction.
3-renal impairment
4-Bronchial asthma in asthmatic patients

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16
Q

Uses of Acetylsalicylic acid (ASPIRIN)? in dentistry?

A

1-Relieve pain associated with pathologic process (as pulpitis, dentoalveolar abscess) or after surgical procedures.
2-inflammation of the temporomandibular (due to trauma or immobilization).

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17
Q

similar drugs as Acetylsalicylic acid (ASPIRIN)?

A

Indomethacin, tolmetin
sulindac , ketorolac, etodolac

18
Q

Mechanism of action of
Paracetamol ( Panadol )?

A

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthase centrally (cox centrally) so decrease PG centally.
Analegesic ,antipyretic and no anti-inflammatory action

19
Q

Three therapeutic uses of
Paracetamol (Panadol)?

A

-Analgesic
-Antipyretic when aspirin is contraindicated as in peptic ulcer ,pregnancy ,bronchial asthma ,and infant with viral infection

20
Q

Adverse effects of Paracetamol (Panadol)?

A

-Skin rash ,Allergic reaction.
-Dose dependent hepatic necrosis.
-Nephrotoxicity with chronic use in susceptible individuals.

21
Q

Uses of Paracetamol (Panadol) in densitry?

A

1-Relieve pain associated with pathologic process (as pulpitis, dentoalveolar abscess) or after surgical procedures.

22
Q

Mechanism of action of Piroxicam (Feldene)?

A

Non selective COX inhibitor, inhibit both COX1 and COX2 enzyme decreasing level of PG

23
Q

Advantages of Piroxicam (Feldene)?

A

-Long t ½ about 50 hours .
-given once daily.
-additional inhibitory effect of collagenase

24
Q

Three therapeutic uses of Piroxicam (Feldene)?

A

-osteoarthritis.
-rheumatoid arthritis.
-headache
-back pain.
-gout

25
Q

Adverse effects of Piroxicam (Feldene)?

A

As aspirin:
-peptic ulceration.
-Allergic reaction.
-kidney damage

26
Q

Uses of Piroxicam (Feldene) in dentistry?

A

1-Relieve pain associated with pathologic process (as pulpitis, dentoalveolar abscess) or after surgical procedures.
2-inflammation of the temporomandibular (due to trauma or immobilization).

27
Q

Mechanism of action of Meloxicam (Mobic)?

A

-Inhibition of COX enzyme decreasing PG.
-it has some COX2 selectivity especially at lower doses.

28
Q

Three therapeutic uses of Meloxicam (Mobic)?

A

-osteoarthritis.
-rheumatoid arthritis.
-analgesic in moderate pain as back pain
-headache

29
Q

Uses of Meloxicam (Mobic) in dentistry?

A

1-Relieve pain associated with pathologic process (as pulpitis, dentoalveolar abscess) or after surgical procedures.
2-inflammation of the temporomandibular (due to trauma or immobilization).

30
Q

Advantages of Meloxicam (Mobic)?

A

-it is 50 times more selective on COX2 enzyme than COX1
-Less GIT side effects.
-half life 15-20 h.

31
Q

Similar drugs as Meloxicam (Mobic)?

A

Piroxicam and etodolac

32
Q

Mechanism of action of Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

A

Selective inhibitor of COX2 enzyme

33
Q

Three therapeutic uses of Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

A

-rheumatoid arthritis.
-back pain
-headache
-dysmenorrhea

34
Q

Advantage & Disadvantage of Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

A

Advantage:
Selective COX2 inhibition so decrease inflammatory PG with little or no effect on physiological PG so less GIT ulceration.

Disadvantage:
block COX2 enzyme cause increase activity of Thromboxane A2 and decrease level of PGI2 so increase platelets aggregation lead to increase incidence of coronary thrombosis and stroke.

35
Q

Similar drugs as Celecoxib (Celebrex)?

A

Etoricoxib
Rofecoxib

36
Q

Mechanism of action of Aspirin ( jusprin )?

A

Non selective irreversible cox inhibitor leading to decrease synthesis of thromboxane A2( platelet aggregation )

37
Q

Dose of Aspirin ( jusprin ) used as
antiplatelet?

A

Low dose (75—150) mg/d

38
Q

Therapeutic uses of Aspirin ( jusprin )?

J > angina

A

-Myocardial infarction
-Unstable angina
-Coronary bypass graft & artificial heart valves
-Prophylaxis after orthopedic surgery

39
Q

Adverse effects of Aspirin ( jusprin )?

A

GIT ( ulceration & bleeding).
Lack of response in some patients(aspirin resistance).

40
Q

Why large dose Aspirin ( jusprin ) of is not used as antiplatelet?

A

Large dose cause inhibition of prostacyclin (PGI2) which has antiplatelet effect

Pharma (20 decks)

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