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Paramedic > Drug Quiz 4 > Flashcards

Drug Quiz 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Adenosine

A

Adenocard

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2
Q

Adenosine Drug Classification

A

Antidysrhythmic (Class V) / Nucleoside

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3
Q

Adenosine Mechanism of Action

A

Adenosine (A1) R-agonist -> Slows AV conduction by activation of G-protein second messengers, decreasing cAMP and inhibiting calcium entry into the pacemaker cells

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4
Q

Adenosine Pharmacokinetics

A

Onset of Action= Immediate
Peak Effects= Immediate
Duration of Effect= 30-45 seconds
Half-Life= 6 seconds

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5
Q

Adenosine Indications/ Field Use

A

1) SVT (PSVT)/Narrow Complex Tachycardia
2) R/O SVT when diagnosing or assessing a rapid rhythm
3) Wide complex tachycardia

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6
Q

Adenosine Contraindications

A

2degree/3degree heart block, Sick Sinus Syndrome
Poison/chemical induced SVT
Caution with asthma, bronchospasm, and unstable angina
Torsades de Pointes

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7
Q

Adenosine Side Effects/ Adverse Reactions

A

Facial flushing
Headache
Chest Pain
Dizziness

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8
Q

Adenosine Dose

A

Adult 1st dose: 6mg rapid IVP followed by 20cc NS flush
Adult 2nd dose: 12mg rapid IVP followed by 20cc NS flush
Adult 3rd dose: 12mg rapid IVP followed by 20cc NS flush
Pedi 1st dose: 0.1mg/kg IV/IO rapid push, max dose 6mg
Pedi 2nd dose: 0.2mg/kg IV/IO rapid push, max dose 12mg

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9
Q

Adenosine Precautions

A

Begin printing rhythm strip before administering adenosine

Give in A/C or higher (more proximal)

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10
Q

Adenosine Drug-Drug Interactions

A

Methylxanthines (caffeine) are nonspecific competitive antagonists for adenosine receptors-double the dose for Pt.’s taking large amounts
Carbamazepines potentiate effects of adenosine-have the dose

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11
Q

Amiodarone HCL

A

Cordarone

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12
Q

Amiodarone HCL Drug Classification

A

Antidysrhythmic agent

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13
Q

Amiodarone HCL Mechanism of Action

A

Class III Antiarrhythmic/K+ channel blocker->Prolongs cardiac action potential duration and refractory period
Demonstrates properties of Na+/Ca2+ channel blockers
Noncompetitive inhibitor of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors

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14
Q

Amiodarone HCL Pharmacokinetics

A

Onset of Action: Immediate
Peak Effects: 30-45 min
Duration of Effect: Varies
Half-Life: 40-55 days

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15
Q

Amiodarone HCL Indications/Field Use

A

Cardiac Arrest

Wide Complex Tachycardia

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16
Q

Amiodarone HCL Contraindications

A 
Cardiogenic shock
Severe sinus node dysfunction
Marked or symptomatic bradycardia
2degree/3degree heart block
Hypersensitivity
17
Q

Amiodarone HCL Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

A 
Hypotension
Bradycardia
Dyspnea
Cough
Dizziness
Prolonged PR, QRS, QT intervals
Increased ventricular beats
18
Q

Amiodarone HCL Dose

A

VF/Pulseless VT (Adult): 300mg IV, IO, repeat dose 150mg IV, IO in 3-5 min PRN
VT + Pulse (Adult): 150mg IV, IO over 10 min
Maintenance (Adult): 1mg/min first six hours, then 0.5mg/min
VF/ Pulseless VT (Pedi): 5mg/kg IV, IO; max dose 300mg, max total dose 15mg/kg
VT+Pulse (Pedi): 5mg/kg IV, IO over 20-60 min, max dose 300mg

19
Q

Amiodarone HCL Precautions

A

Caution patients with heart failure

20
Q

Amiodarone HCL Drug-Drug Interactions

A

Warfarin, digoxin, procainamide, quinidine, phenytoin

21
Q

Atropine Sulfate Drug Classification

A

Anticholinergic/Parasymatholytic

22
Q

Atropine Sulfate Mechanism of Action

A

Acetycholine receptor antagonist->parasympathetic inhibition, positive chronotropy, no inotropic effect

23
Q

Atropine Sulfate Pharmacokinetics

A

Onset of Action: Immediate
Peak Effects: 2-4 minutes
Duration of Effect: 4 hours
Half-Life: 2-3 hours

24
Q

Atropine Sulfate Indications/Field Use

A

Symptomatic (AMS, pulmonary edema, hypotension, chest pain) bradycardia
Premedication for RSI with bradycardia <50bpm
Organophosphate poisoning

25
Q

Atropine Sulfate Contraindications

A

No longer recommended for PEA and asystole

26
Q

Atropine Sulfate Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

A 
Blurred Vision
Dilated pupils
Dry mouth
Tachycardia
Drowsiness
Confusion
27
Q

Atropine Sulfate Dose

A

Bradycardia (Adult): 0.5mg q3-5 min IV, IO up to 3 mg
RSI (Adult): 0.5-1mg IV, IO
Organophosphate (Adult): 2-5mg
Bradycardia (Pedi): 0.02mg/kg IV, IO; minimum single dose 0.1mg; max single dose 0.5mg
RSI (Pedi): 0.02mg/kg IV, IO
Organophosphate (Pedi): 0.02-0.05mg/kg IV, IO, q 20-30min until S/S resolve

28
Q

Atropine Sulfate Precautions

A

Do not give less than 0.5mg (Adult) or 0.1mg (Pedi)-causes paradoxical effect
May cause paradoxical slowing or may be ineffective if used for 2degree type II/3degree Heart block
Increases myocardial oxygen demand

29
Q

Atropine Sulfate Drug-Drug Interactions

A

Few EMS

Paramedic (10 decks)

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