Drug Quiz 10

Question 0

Haloperidol Drug Classification

Answer 0

Butyrophenone Antipsychotic/Neuroleptic

Question 1

Haloperidol

Answer 1

Haldol

Question 2

Haloperidol Mechanism of Action

Answer 2

Mesolimbic D1/D2 antagonist-depresses release of hypothalamic and hyophyseal hormones; depresses the reticular activating system, thus affecting basal metabolism, body temp, wakefulness, vasomotor tone, and emesis

Question 3

Haloperidol Pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

Onset of Action= 30-45 minutes
Peak Effects= 10-20 minutes
Duration of Effect= Varies
Half-Life= 3-35 hours

Question 4

Haloperidol Indications/Field Use

Answer 4

Acute psychotic episode

Question 5

Haloperidol Contraindications

Answer 5

Presence of other drugs, especially sedatives or other antipsychotics
Dysphoria caused by Talwin

Question 6

Haloperidol Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Answer 6

EPS, insomnia restlessness drowsiness, seizures, dry mouth, constipation, respiratory depression, tachycardia, hypotension, prolonged QT syndrome, Torsades

Question 7

Haloperidol Dose

Answer 7

Adult: 2-5mg IM q4-8hrs PRN
Pedi: 1-3mg IM q4-8hrs PRN, max dose 0.15mg/kg/day

Question 8

Haloperidol Precautions

Answer 8

May impair physical and mental abilities, may cause orthostatic hypotension, may cause EPS or dystonic reactions

Question 9

Haloperidol Drug-Drug Interactions

Answer 9

Caution in pts taking lithium, may cause encephalopathic syndrome (irreversible brain damage)
May increase chance of hypotension when taken with antihypertensives
Additive effects with depressants-increased CNS depression

Question 10

Naloxone

Answer 10

Narcan

Question 11

Naloxone Drug Classification

Answer 11

Narcotic antagonist/Antidote

Question 12

Naloxone Mechanism of Action

Answer 12

Competitive opiate R antagonist-displaces narcotic molecules, has greater affinity for R site, but shorter duration

Question 13

Naloxone Pharmacokinetics

Answer 13

Onset of Action= <2minutes IV, 2-10 minutes IM/ET
Duration of Effect= 20-120minutes
Half-Life= 60-90 minutes

Question 14

Naloxone Indications/Field Use

Answer 14

Partial/complete reversal of respiratory depression caused by narcotics/opiates
Coma of unknown origin
R/O narcotic involvement in polypharmacy overdose prior to RSI

Question 15

Naloxone Contraindications

Answer 15

Hypersensitivity

Question 16

Naloxone Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Answer 16

Hypotension, hypertension, ventricular dysrhythmias, N+V, seizures

Question 17

Naloxone Dose

Answer 17

Adult: 0.4-2mg q2-3min IV, IO, IM, IN, ET- until respiratory status improves
Pedi: 0.1mg/kg IM, max 2mg/dose

Question 18

Naloxone Precautions

Answer 18

Caution with Pt. potentially dependent on narcotics, may induce withdrawl- including newborn infants with addicted mothers

Question 19

Naloxone Drug-Drug Interactions

Answer 19

May induce withdrawal on narcotic dependent pt

Question 20

Olanzapine

Answer 20

Zyprexa

Question 21

Olanzapine Drug Classification

Answer 21

Antipsychotic

Question 22

Olanzapine Mechanism of Action

Answer 22

SSRI, NE Reuptake inhibitor-antipsychotic and anticholinergic effects

Question 23

Olanzapine Pharmacokinetics

Answer 23

Onset of Action= <30minutes
Peak Effects= 6 hours
Duration of Effect= Varies
Half-Life= 21-54 hours

Question 24

Olanzapine Indications/Field Use

Answer 24

Acute psychosis or agitation | Alzheimer's disease

Question 25

Olanzapine Contraindications

Answer 25

Hypersensitivity

Question 26

Olanzapine Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Answer 26

Myalgia, somnolence, dizziness, tremor, tachycardia, postural hypotension, nausea, dry mouth

Question 27

Olanzapine Dose

Answer 27

Adult: 10mg IM Pedi: Not Established

Question 28

Olanzapine Precautions

Answer 28

Caution Pt with CV disease, predisposition for hypotension, and Parkinson's disease Must be reconstituted in 3mL sterile water prior to administration

Question 29

Olanzapine Drug-Drug Interactions

Answer 29

Potentiates hypotensive effects of antihypertensives

Question 30

Lorazepam

Answer 30

Ativan

Question 31

Lorazepam Drug Classification

Answer 31

Anticonvulsant/ Sedative/ Hypnotic/ Benzodiazepine

Question 32

Lorazepam Mechanism of Action

Answer 32

Positive allosteric modulator for GABAa receptors-binds to benzo receptor site on chloride channels and potentiates binding and effects of GABA (increases intracellular Chloride concentration leading to hyperpolarization of the cell)

Question 33

Lorazepam Pharmacokinetics

Answer 33

Onset of Action= 1-5minutes IV, 15-30minutes IM Peak Effects= 15-20minutes IV, 2 hours IM Duration of Effect= 6-8 hours Half-Life= 10-20 hours

Question 34

Lorazepam Indications/Field Use

Answer 34

Major motor seizures Pre-medication for cardioversion Acute anxiety

Question 35

Lorazepam Contraindications

Answer 35

Hx Hypersensitivity

Question 36

Lorazepam Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Answer 36

Hypotension, drowsiness, HA, amnesia, respiratory depression, blurred vision, N+V

Question 37

Lorazepam Dose

Answer 37

Adult: 0.5-2mg (0.1mg/kg) IV, IO Adult: 1-4mg IM Pedi: 0.05mg/kg IV, IO

Question 38

Lorazepam Precautions

Answer 38

Have benzo antagonist available

Question 39

Lorazepam Drug-Drug Interactions

Answer 39

Additive effects with CNS depressants and alcohol