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Paramedic > Drug Quiz 10 > Flashcards

Drug Quiz 10 Flashcards

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0
Q

Haloperidol Drug Classification

A

Butyrophenone Antipsychotic/Neuroleptic

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1
Q

Haloperidol

A

Haldol

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2
Q

Haloperidol Mechanism of Action

A

Mesolimbic D1/D2 antagonist-depresses release of hypothalamic and hyophyseal hormones; depresses the reticular activating system, thus affecting basal metabolism, body temp, wakefulness, vasomotor tone, and emesis

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3
Q

Haloperidol Pharmacokinetics

A

Onset of Action= 30-45 minutes
Peak Effects= 10-20 minutes
Duration of Effect= Varies
Half-Life= 3-35 hours

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4
Q

Haloperidol Indications/Field Use

A

Acute psychotic episode

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5
Q

Haloperidol Contraindications

A

Presence of other drugs, especially sedatives or other antipsychotics
Dysphoria caused by Talwin

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6
Q

Haloperidol Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

A

EPS, insomnia restlessness drowsiness, seizures, dry mouth, constipation, respiratory depression, tachycardia, hypotension, prolonged QT syndrome, Torsades

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7
Q

Haloperidol Dose

A

Adult: 2-5mg IM q4-8hrs PRN
Pedi: 1-3mg IM q4-8hrs PRN, max dose 0.15mg/kg/day

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8
Q

Haloperidol Precautions

A

May impair physical and mental abilities, may cause orthostatic hypotension, may cause EPS or dystonic reactions

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9
Q

Haloperidol Drug-Drug Interactions

A

Caution in pts taking lithium, may cause encephalopathic syndrome (irreversible brain damage)
May increase chance of hypotension when taken with antihypertensives
Additive effects with depressants-increased CNS depression

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10
Q

Naloxone

A

Narcan

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11
Q

Naloxone Drug Classification

A

Narcotic antagonist/Antidote

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12
Q

Naloxone Mechanism of Action

A

Competitive opiate R antagonist-displaces narcotic molecules, has greater affinity for R site, but shorter duration

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13
Q

Naloxone Pharmacokinetics

A

Onset of Action= <2minutes IV, 2-10 minutes IM/ET
Duration of Effect= 20-120minutes
Half-Life= 60-90 minutes

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14
Q

Naloxone Indications/Field Use

A

Partial/complete reversal of respiratory depression caused by narcotics/opiates
Coma of unknown origin
R/O narcotic involvement in polypharmacy overdose prior to RSI

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15
Q

Naloxone Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

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16
Q

Naloxone Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

A

Hypotension, hypertension, ventricular dysrhythmias, N+V, seizures

17
Q

Naloxone Dose

A

Adult: 0.4-2mg q2-3min IV, IO, IM, IN, ET- until respiratory status improves
Pedi: 0.1mg/kg IM, max 2mg/dose

18
Q

Naloxone Precautions

A

Caution with Pt. potentially dependent on narcotics, may induce withdrawl- including newborn infants with addicted mothers

19
Q

Naloxone Drug-Drug Interactions

A

May induce withdrawal on narcotic dependent pt

20
Q

Olanzapine

A

Zyprexa

21
Q

Olanzapine Drug Classification

A

Antipsychotic

22
Q

Olanzapine Mechanism of Action

A

SSRI, NE Reuptake inhibitor-antipsychotic and anticholinergic effects

23
Q

Olanzapine Pharmacokinetics

A

Onset of Action= <30minutes
Peak Effects= 6 hours
Duration of Effect= Varies
Half-Life= 21-54 hours

24
Q

Olanzapine Indications/Field Use

A

Acute psychosis or agitation

Alzheimer’s disease

25
Q

Olanzapine Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity

26
Q

Olanzapine Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

A

Myalgia, somnolence, dizziness, tremor, tachycardia, postural hypotension, nausea, dry mouth

27
Q

Olanzapine Dose

A

Adult: 10mg IM
Pedi: Not Established

28
Q

Olanzapine Precautions

A

Caution Pt with CV disease, predisposition for hypotension, and Parkinson’s disease
Must be reconstituted in 3mL sterile water prior to administration

29
Q

Olanzapine Drug-Drug Interactions

A

Potentiates hypotensive effects of antihypertensives

30
Q

Lorazepam

A

Ativan

31
Q

Lorazepam Drug Classification

A

Anticonvulsant/ Sedative/ Hypnotic/ Benzodiazepine

32
Q

Lorazepam Mechanism of Action

A

Positive allosteric modulator for GABAa receptors-binds to benzo receptor site on chloride channels and potentiates binding and effects of GABA (increases intracellular Chloride concentration leading to hyperpolarization of the cell)

33
Q

Lorazepam Pharmacokinetics

A

Onset of Action= 1-5minutes IV, 15-30minutes IM
Peak Effects= 15-20minutes IV, 2 hours IM
Duration of Effect= 6-8 hours
Half-Life= 10-20 hours

34
Q

Lorazepam Indications/Field Use

A

Major motor seizures
Pre-medication for cardioversion
Acute anxiety

35
Q

Lorazepam Contraindications

A

Hx Hypersensitivity

36
Q

Lorazepam Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

A

Hypotension, drowsiness, HA, amnesia, respiratory depression, blurred vision, N+V

37
Q

Lorazepam Dose

A

Adult: 0.5-2mg (0.1mg/kg) IV, IO
Adult: 1-4mg IM
Pedi: 0.05mg/kg IV, IO

38
Q

Lorazepam Precautions

A

Have benzo antagonist available

39
Q

Lorazepam Drug-Drug Interactions

A

Additive effects with CNS depressants and alcohol

Paramedic (10 decks)

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