Drug Profiles Flashcards
Calcium Chloride Names:
Generic -
Brand -
Class -
Calcium chloride 10%
Calcium chloride
Electrolyte
Calcium Chloride:
Mechanism of Action-
Increases serum calcium ion levels
- Stimulates release of catecholamines - Increases muscle force of contraction (inotrope) - May enhance ventricular automaticity
Calcium Chloride:
Indications of Field Use-
- Calcium channel blocker
- Hypocalcemia
- Pretreatment for Verapamil
- Hyperkalemia
Calcium Chloride:
Adult Dosage-
-All dosages are IV push
-Calcium channel blocker OD, Hypocalcemia,
Hypermagnesemia
-Calcium 10% 0.5-1.0 gram (5-10ml) IV push. May repeat
in 10 min.
-Pretreatment for Verapamil
-Calcium Chloride 10% 3ml may repeat once
-Hyperkalemia
-1 Gram IV/IO over 5 minutes, do not exceed
1ml/min
Calcium Chloride:
Peds Dosage-
-Calcium chloride 10% 0.2 mg/kg very slow IV push once
Calcium Chloride:
Contraindications-
-Digitalis, Lanoxin, Digoxin (may cause asystole or
digitalis toxicity)
-Hypercalcemia
-Suspected severe hypokalemia
Calcium Chloride:
Drug Interactions-
-Digitalis, Lanoxin, Digoxin may cause asystole or dig
toxicity
-Do not give in same IV as another drug unless line
flushed well.
Calcium Chloride:
Side Effects-
- Bradycardia
- Asystole
- Tissue necrosis if infiltrates
Magnesium Sulfate names:
Generic name-
Brand name-
Class-
- magnesium sulfate
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Electrolyte, tocolytic
Magnesium Sulfate:
Mechanism of Action-
Essential to enhance intracellular potassium
replenishment
-Important role on neuromechanical transmission and muscular excitability
-Decreases myocardial irritability and neuromuscular irritability
-CNS depressant effective in the management of seizures from eclampsia
Magnesium Sulfate:
Indications and Field Use-
- Severe bronchospasm refractory to inhaled B2 agonist
- Torsades de pointes
- Hypomagnesemia
- Refractory VFib/Pulseless VTach after antiarrhythmics
- Pregnancy induced hypertension
- Pre-eclampsia and/or eclampsia
Magnesium Sulfate:
Dosage-
-All dosages diluted. Routes: IV/IO slow push IV
infusion
Magnesium Sulfate:
Dosage Adult-
-Cardiac arrest: VFib/pulseless VTach/Torsades de
pointes
-2 grams diluted in 10cc NS IV over 2 minutes
-Torsades de Pointes with pulse
-2 grams in 50 or 100 cc NS bag infusion over 5-10
minutes
-Severe bronchospasm refractory to inhaled B2 agonist
-2 grams in 50 or 100 cc NS bag infusion over 10
minutes
-Pre-eclampsia and/or eclampsia
-4-6 grams in 50 or 100 cc NS bag infusion over 20
minutes
Magnesium Sulfate:
Dosage Peds-
-Severe bronchospasm refractory to inhaled B2 agonist
Magnesium Sulfate:
Contra Indications-
- Hypermagnesemia
- Impaired renal function=relative
- Heart Blocks
Magnesium Sulfate:
Drug interactions-
- Digitalis/Digoxin/Lanoxin use can cause dysrhythmias
- Calcium chloride may reverse overdose
Magnesium Chloride:
Side effects-
-CNS depression
-Muscle weakness/paralysis
-Stop administration if patient loses deep tendon
reflexes or has respiratory depression
-Hypotension
-Depressed cardiac function/heart
block/asystole/smooth muscle relaxant
-Flushing/itching/burning/sweating
-Nausea
Lasix Names:
Generic -
Brand -
Class -
Furosemide
Lasix
Loop diuretic
Lasix:
Mechanism of Action -
Venous vasodilation
-Decreases afterload
Inhibits re-absorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending Loop of Hentle
-Increases exertion of sodium, chloride, potassium & therefor water
Lasix:
Indication & Field Use -
Pulmonary edema
Congestive Heart Failure
Lasix:
Dosage -
Via SLOW IVP
- Consider 2 times daily dose (if on oral therapy)
- 0.5 to 1mg/kg (usually 40mg) SLOW IVP to a max of 2mg/kg
Lasix:
Contraindications -
- Known effects with other diuretics
- Anuria (relative)
- Hypovolemia
- Hypotension
Lasix:
Drug Interactions -
- Increased effects with other diuretics
- Increased effects with other antihypertensives
- Incompatible in same IV, flush line well
- Increase Lithium to toxic levels
Lasix:
Side Effects -
- Worsens hypovolemia/dehydration
- Hypotension
- Hyperglycemia
- Hypokalemia
- Hearing loss/deafness
Solu-Medrol Names:
Generic -
Brand -
Class -
- Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate
- Solu-Medrol
- Corticosteroid
- Anti-inflammatory
Solu-Medrol:
Mechanism of Action -
Inhibits many substances that cause inflammatory response
- Immunosuppressant - Reduces inflammation - Thought to stabilize cell membranes
Solu-Medrol:
Indication & Field Use
- Bronchospasm
- Asthma
- Chronic Bronchitis
- Emphysema
- Anaphylaxis
- Adrenal Insufficiency
Solu-Medrol:
Dosage routes -
- All dosages via slow IVP
Solu-Medrol:
Adult Dosage -
- 2 mg/kg slow IVP, max 125 mg
Solu-Medrol:
Peds Dosage -
- 2 mg/kg slow IVP, max 125 mg
Solu-Medrol:
Contraindications -
- Known hypersensitivity/allergy
- TBI
- Use caution in patients with active infections
- Premature Infants
Solu-Medrol:
Drug Interactions -
- None
Solu-Medrol:
Side Effects -
- None from single dose