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The “IV” League > Drug Profiles > Flashcards

Drug Profiles Flashcards

1
Q

Calcium Chloride Names:

Generic -

Brand -

Class -

A

Calcium chloride 10%

Calcium chloride

Electrolyte

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2
Q

Calcium Chloride:

Mechanism of Action-

A

Increases serum calcium ion levels

 - Stimulates release of catecholamines
 - Increases muscle force of contraction (inotrope)
 - May enhance ventricular automaticity
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3
Q

Calcium Chloride:

Indications of Field Use-

A
  • Calcium channel blocker
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Pretreatment for Verapamil
  • Hyperkalemia
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4
Q

Calcium Chloride:

Adult Dosage-

A

-All dosages are IV push
-Calcium channel blocker OD, Hypocalcemia,
Hypermagnesemia
-Calcium 10% 0.5-1.0 gram (5-10ml) IV push. May repeat
in 10 min.
-Pretreatment for Verapamil
-Calcium Chloride 10% 3ml may repeat once
-Hyperkalemia
-1 Gram IV/IO over 5 minutes, do not exceed
1ml/min

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5
Q

Calcium Chloride:

Peds Dosage-

A

-Calcium chloride 10% 0.2 mg/kg very slow IV push once

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6
Q

Calcium Chloride:

Contraindications-

A

-Digitalis, Lanoxin, Digoxin (may cause asystole or
digitalis toxicity)
-Hypercalcemia
-Suspected severe hypokalemia

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7
Q

Calcium Chloride:

Drug Interactions-

A

-Digitalis, Lanoxin, Digoxin may cause asystole or dig
toxicity
-Do not give in same IV as another drug unless line
flushed well.

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8
Q

Calcium Chloride:

Side Effects-

A
  • Bradycardia
  • Asystole
  • Tissue necrosis if infiltrates
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9
Q

Magnesium Sulfate names:

Generic name-

Brand name-

Class-

A
  • magnesium sulfate
  • Magnesium Sulfate
  • Electrolyte, tocolytic
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10
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:

Mechanism of Action-

A

Essential to enhance intracellular potassium
replenishment
-Important role on neuromechanical transmission and muscular excitability
-Decreases myocardial irritability and neuromuscular irritability
-CNS depressant effective in the management of seizures from eclampsia

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11
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:

Indications and Field Use-

A
  • Severe bronchospasm refractory to inhaled B2 agonist
  • Torsades de pointes
  • Hypomagnesemia
  • Refractory VFib/Pulseless VTach after antiarrhythmics
  • Pregnancy induced hypertension
    • Pre-eclampsia and/or eclampsia
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12
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:

Dosage-

A

-All dosages diluted. Routes: IV/IO slow push IV

infusion

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13
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:

Dosage Adult-

A

-Cardiac arrest: VFib/pulseless VTach/Torsades de
pointes
-2 grams diluted in 10cc NS IV over 2 minutes
-Torsades de Pointes with pulse
-2 grams in 50 or 100 cc NS bag infusion over 5-10
minutes
-Severe bronchospasm refractory to inhaled B2 agonist
-2 grams in 50 or 100 cc NS bag infusion over 10
minutes
-Pre-eclampsia and/or eclampsia
-4-6 grams in 50 or 100 cc NS bag infusion over 20
minutes

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14
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:

Dosage Peds-

A

-Severe bronchospasm refractory to inhaled B2 agonist

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15
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:

Contra Indications-

A
  • Hypermagnesemia
  • Impaired renal function=relative
  • Heart Blocks
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16
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:

Drug interactions-

A
  • Digitalis/Digoxin/Lanoxin use can cause dysrhythmias

- Calcium chloride may reverse overdose

17
Q

Magnesium Chloride:

Side effects-

A

-CNS depression
-Muscle weakness/paralysis
-Stop administration if patient loses deep tendon
reflexes or has respiratory depression
-Hypotension
-Depressed cardiac function/heart
block/asystole/smooth muscle relaxant
-Flushing/itching/burning/sweating
-Nausea

18
Q

Lasix Names:

Generic -

Brand -

Class -

A

Furosemide

Lasix

Loop diuretic

19
Q

Lasix:

Mechanism of Action -

A

Venous vasodilation
-Decreases afterload

Inhibits re-absorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending Loop of Hentle
-Increases exertion of sodium, chloride, potassium & therefor water

20
Q

Lasix:

Indication & Field Use -

A

Pulmonary edema

Congestive Heart Failure

21
Q

Lasix:

Dosage -

A

Via SLOW IVP

  • Consider 2 times daily dose (if on oral therapy)
  • 0.5 to 1mg/kg (usually 40mg) SLOW IVP to a max of 2mg/kg
22
Q

Lasix:

Contraindications -

A
  • Known effects with other diuretics
  • Anuria (relative)
  • Hypovolemia
  • Hypotension
23
Q

Lasix:

Drug Interactions -

A
  • Increased effects with other diuretics
  • Increased effects with other antihypertensives
  • Incompatible in same IV, flush line well
  • Increase Lithium to toxic levels
24
Q

Lasix:

Side Effects -

A
  • Worsens hypovolemia/dehydration
  • Hypotension
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hearing loss/deafness
25
Q

Solu-Medrol Names:

Generic -

Brand -

Class -

A
  • Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate
  • Solu-Medrol
  • Corticosteroid
  • Anti-inflammatory
26
Q

Solu-Medrol:

Mechanism of Action -

A

Inhibits many substances that cause inflammatory response

 - Immunosuppressant
        - Reduces inflammation
        - Thought to stabilize cell membranes
27
Q

Solu-Medrol:

Indication & Field Use

A
  • Bronchospasm
    • Asthma
    • Chronic Bronchitis
    • Emphysema
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Adrenal Insufficiency
28
Q

Solu-Medrol:

Dosage routes -

A
  • All dosages via slow IVP
29
Q

Solu-Medrol:

Adult Dosage -

A
  • 2 mg/kg slow IVP, max 125 mg
30
Q

Solu-Medrol:

Peds Dosage -

A
  • 2 mg/kg slow IVP, max 125 mg
31
Q

Solu-Medrol:

Contraindications -

A
  • Known hypersensitivity/allergy
  • TBI
  • Use caution in patients with active infections
  • Premature Infants
32
Q

Solu-Medrol:

Drug Interactions -

33
Q

Solu-Medrol:

Side Effects -

A
  • None from single dose

The “IV” League (10 decks)

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