drug main uses (Cholinergic/Anticholinergic)

Question 1

Acetylcholine

Answer 1

Musc ag

glaucoma

↓ IOP (acts on musc and nic receptors)

quickly metabolized by AChE

Question 2

Carbachol

Answer 2

Musc ag

glaucoma

↓ IOP (acts on musc and nic receptors)

not quickly metabolized by AchE

Question 3

Methachoine

Answer 3

Musc ag

asthma testing

stimulates muscarinic receptors

Question 4

Bethanechol (urecholine)

Answer 4

Musc ag

stim GI motility and treat urinary retention

stimulates muscarinic receptors

Question 5

Pilocarpine (Salagen)

Answer 5

Musc ag

glaucoma and xerostomia

↓ IOP and ↑ salavary gland secretion

Question 6

Edrophonium (Tensilon)

Answer 6

Rev Chol-i

Dx of Myasthenia Gravis

Increase GI motility, contraction of bladder and relaxation of sphincters, bradycardia and hypotension, increased secretions, ↓ IOP, stimulation of skeletal muscle at low dose and paralysis at high dose, bronchoconstriction

Question 7

Physostigmine

Answer 7

Rev Chol-i

Tx of atropine/Antimuscarinic poisoning

Increase GI motility, contraction of bladder and relaxation of sphincters, bradycardia and hypotension, increased secretions, ↓ IOP, stimulation of skeletal muscle at low dose and paralysis at high dose, bronchoconstriction

Question 8

Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

Answer 8

Rev Chol-i

Tx of Myasthenia Gravis/Reversal of Neuomuscular Blockade

Increase GI motility, contraction of bladder and relaxation of sphincters, bradycardia and hypotension, increased secretions, ↓ IOP, stimulation of skeletal muscle at low dose and paralysis at high dose, bronchoconstriction

Question 9

Pyridostigmine

Answer 9

Rev Chol-i

Tx of Myasthenia Gravis/Reversal of Neuomuscular Blockade/Prophylactic for nerve agents

Increase GI motility, contraction of bladder and relaxation of sphincters, bradycardia and hypotension, increased secretions, ↓ IOP, stimulation of skeletal muscle at low dose and paralysis at high dose, bronchoconstriction

Question 10

Rivastigmine (Exelon)

Answer 10

Rev Chol-i

Tx of Alzheimer’s Disease

Increase GI motility, contraction of bladder and relaxation of sphincters, bradycardia and hypotension, increased secretions, ↓ IOP, stimulation of skeletal muscle at low dose and paralysis at high dose, bronchoconstriction

Question 11

Donepezil (Aricept)

Answer 11

Rev Chol-i

Tx of Alzheimer’s Disease

Increase GI motility, contraction of bladder and relaxation of sphincters, bradycardia and hypotension, increased secretions, ↓ IOP, stimulation of skeletal muscle at low dose and paralysis at high dose, bronchoconstriction

Question 12

Carbamate Insecticides (Carbaryl)

Answer 12

Rev Chol-i

No tx, just a poison to know

Increase GI motility, contraction of bladder and relaxation of sphincters, bradycardia and hypotension, increased secretions, ↓ IOP, stimulation of skeletal muscle at low dose and paralysis at high dose, bronchoconstriction

Question 13

DFP/diisopropylfurophosphate/Echothiophate

Answer 13

Irrev Chol-i

Glaucoma

Question 14

Organophosphates (Parathion, Malathion)

Answer 14

Irrev Chol-i

no tx, just a poison to know

Question 15

Nerve gases (Sarin, VX, Tabun)

Answer 15

Irrev Chol-i

no tx, just a poison to know

Question 16

Pralidoxime (Protopam)

Answer 16

Chol-reactivator

Antidote for organophosphate poisoning

Inhibits and regenerates cholinesterase

Question 17

Sildenafil (Viagra)

Answer 17

PDE-5 inhibitor

acquire bonrar

Increase in NO production causes erection

Question 18

Verdenafil (Levitra)

Answer 18

PDE-5 inhibitor

acquire bonrar

Increase in NO production causes erection

Question 19

Tadalafil (Cialis)

Answer 19

PDE-5 inhibitor

acquire bonrar

Increase in NO production causes erection

Question 20

Atropine (Hycosamine)

Answer 20

Anti-chol/anti-musc

Reduce secretions, block vagal reflexes, cardiac stimulant s/p MI, Antidote for Cholinesterase inhibitor/muscarinic agonist overdose, mydriasis and cycloplegia, GI

Tachycardia, slight increase in output, mydriasis, cycloplegia, increased IOP, decreased GI motility, urine retention, reduced sweating, dried secretions, sedation or hallucination

Question 21

Scopolamine (Hyoscine)

Answer 21

Anti-chol/anti-musc

Prevention of motion sickness and vertigo

Similar effects as atropine, but more of a CNS depressant

Question 22

Dicyclomine (Bentyl)

Answer 22

Anti-chol/anti-musc

Intestinal Antispasmodic

Question 23

Propantheline (Pro-Banthine)

Answer 23

Anti-chol/anti-musc

Intestinal Antispasmodic

Few CNS effects

Question 24

Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)

Answer 24

Anti-chol/anti-musc

Dry repiratory secretions and inhibit vagal reflexes prior to anesthesiology

Question 25

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Answer 25

Anti-chol/anti-musc Tx of COPD and Asthma

Question 26

Tiatropium (Spiriva)

Answer 26

Anti-chol/anti-musc Tx of COPD and Asthma

Question 27

Benztropine (Cogentin) | Trihexyphenidyl (Artane)

Answer 27

Anti-chol/anti-musc Tx of Parkinson's/Parkinsonism Centrally-acting antimuscarinic

Question 28

Tolterodine (Detrol) Oxybutynin (Ditropan) Solifenacin (Vesicare)

Answer 28

Anti-chol/anti-musc Tx of overactive bladder Decreases urinary incontinence by decreasing muscarinic actions

Question 29

Botulinium Toxin (Botox)

Answer 29

Neurotoxin Ophthalmic disorders, wrinkles, dystonia, excessive sweating and overactive bladder Decreased release of Ach from autonomic nerve endings and in the neuromuscular junction

Question 30

Pancuronium (Pavulon) | Atracurium (Tracrium)

Answer 30

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs Relaxation or paralysis of skeletal muscle

Question 31

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

Answer 31

Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs Relaxation or paralysis of skeletal muscle Initially fasciculations, followed by relaxation and paralysis of skeletal muscles

Question 32

Tropicamide (Mydriacyl)

Answer 32

Anti-chol/anti-musc Pupil dilation for ophthalmologic exam