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Rx Prep > Drug Formulations and Patient Counseling - Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Drug Formulations and Patient Counseling - Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the benefits of using long duration meds?

A

Reduces peaks and side effects

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2
Q

Examples of OROS?

A
  1. Concerta
  2. Cardura XL
  3. Procardia XL
  4. Delzicol
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3
Q

Counseling on long acting capsules and tablets?

A
  1. Dont crush or chew
  2. Some capsules can be sprinkled on food but do not chew contents
  3. Cut on score lines (Toprol XL, carbidopa/levodopa ER)
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4
Q

Benefits of liquid oral solutions/suspensions?

A

Useful for children and difficulty swallowing

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5
Q

Counseling for suspensions?

A

Shake before use

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6
Q

Examples of chewable tablet?

A

Montelukast (Singular)
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

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7
Q

Benefits of using chewables?

A

Used in children who are unable to swallow tablets

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8
Q

What are lozenges/troches used for?

A

Conditions of oral mucosa

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9
Q

Benefits of using ODT?

A
  1. Patient with dysphagia
  2. Children who are unable to swallow
  3. Non-adherence (cheeking)
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10
Q

Benefits of SL or buccal methds?

A
  1. Same benefits of ODT
  2. Onset of action is faster
  3. Less gut degradation and first pass metabolism
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11
Q

How can you administer singulair granules?

A

In applesauce, carrots, rice, ice cream

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12
Q

How can you administer Vyvanse granuales?

A

Water, yogurt, orange juice

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13
Q

Counseling points for granuales, powders, capsules?

A
  1. Don’t chew pellets
  2. Don’t let mixture sit too long (entire mixtre should be ingested)
  3. Don’t add to anything warm or hot
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14
Q

Types of sweeteners?

A
  1. Sorbitol
  2. Phenylalanime (aspartame)
  3. Lactose
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15
Q

Formulations containing phenylalanime?

A

ODT, chewable, granules

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16
Q

CI of phenylalanine?

A

Phenylketonuria (PKU): genetic deiciency in enzyme that degrades phenylalanine

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17
Q

ODT Counseling points?

A
  1. Tablets are friable and you should peel back the foil
  2. Place tablet on tongue and dissolve in seconds
18
Q

What medications can be self-administered?

A

SC:
* Eanercept (Enbrel)
* Teriparatide (Forteo)
* Sumatriptan (Imitrex)
* Insulins, GLP1 agonists
* Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
* Naloxone
* Methotrexate (Otrexup)

19
Q

Injection counseling?

A
  1. Warfarin
  2. Prepare injection
  3. Select and clean site
  4. Inject
  5. Discard syringe
  • Inject at least 1 inch away from previous site
  • Only use needle once
  • Don’t rub anticoag injection (Lovenox, fondaparinux)
  • Don’t heat up cold injections
  • DOn’t use if discolored
  • EpiPen can be rubbed
20
Q

How to store/handle biologics?

A

Easily denature:
* Don’t shake
* Don’t expose to extremem temperatures

21
Q

Application site of Xulane? Frequency?

A

Back, abdomen, arm, buttocks

Weekly (3 wks on, 1 wk off)

22
Q

Application site of daytrana? Frequncy

A

Hip

QAM, remove at PM

23
Q

Frequency of NicoDerm

A

QD

24
Q

Lidoderm frequency?

A

12 hrs on, 12 hrs off

25
Q

Oxytrol application site? Frequency?

A

Abdomen, hip, buttock

Twice weekly

26
Q

Vivelle dot application site? Frequency?

A

Lower abdomen, buttock

Twice weekly

27
Q

Transderm-Scop site? Frequency?

A

Behind the ear

Q72H

28
Q

Fentanyl patch frequency?

A

72H

29
Q

What patches can be cut?

A

Lidoderm and Qutenza

30
Q

Why avoid heat on patches?

A

Increases absorption

31
Q

What to do if patient has skin irritation?

A
  1. Don’t apply on irritated skin
  2. Alternate the site
  3. Skin should not be shaved
32
Q

What patches should be taken off before MRI? Why?

A
  1. Clonidine (Catapress-TTS)
  2. Rotigotine (Neupro)
  3. Scopolamine (Transderm-Scop)
  4. Testosterone (Androderm)

Contains metal and can burn the skin

33
Q

Patches that can have adhesive dressing?

A

Fentanyl, Butrans

34
Q

What patch comes with its own adhesive cover?

A

Catapres-TTS

35
Q

Frequency of Catapess-TTS?

A

Weekly

36
Q

What patches need to be disposed of in the toilet?

A

Hihly potent narcotic patches: Fentanyl, Butrans, Daytrana

37
Q

Benefits of topicals?

A

Local effects and decreased systemic side effects

38
Q

Benefits of nasal sprays?

A
  1. Faster onset
  2. Useful for acute conditions
  3. Bypass gut absorptin and first pass-metabolism
39
Q

Counseling for nasal spray?

A

Before use:
1. Shake bottle gently
2. Prime the pump before first use
3. Blow your nose

Using the spray:
1. Close one nostril and insert applicator
2. Start to breath in through your nose, and press firmly and quickly down
3. Breathe out through mouth
4. wipe applicatory
5. Don’t blow nose right away

40
Q

Counseling for eye drops?

A
  1. Shake a few times
  2. Look up and pull down lower lid
  3. Apply drop in space between lower lid and eye
  4. Close eye and press finger between eye and top of nose for 1 min

Rx Prep (15 decks)

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