Drug classes Flashcards

Question

Ibprofen

Answer 1

peripheral NSAID

Answer 2

NSAID- dysmenorrheal

Answer 3

cox 2 preferential NSAID

Answer 4

parenteral NSAID for analgesia

Answer 5

NSAID- long half life, anti inflammatory

Answer 6

NSAID- long half life, anti inflammatory

Answer 7

NSAID- anti inflammatory

Answer 8

NSAID- anti inflammatory

Answer 9

topical NSAID

Answer 10

diclofenac

Answer 11

protect GI against NSAIDs- PGEI analogue | TERATOGEN

Answer 12

perforated ulcer obstruction bleeding

Answer 13

PPI- DOC for blocking GI symptoms of NSAIDs

Answer 14

NSAID | Gout

Answer 15

COX-2 inhibitor

Answer 16

COX-2 inhibitor

Answer 17

COX-2 inhibitor- only one still on market

Answer 18

``` Central analgesic weak mu agonist SNRI DO NOT GIVE IF PT IS AT RICK OF SEIZURE NSAID alternative if pt has- hx PUD, renal insufficiency, HF, severe HTN, and opiod alt if pt has substance abuse problems ```

Answer 19

Substance P depletor

Answer 20

block neuronal transmission?

Answer 21

opiod- prototype, mu agonist

Answer 22

strong agonist not recommended for long term use due to toxic metaoblite buildup Short acting, IV pupil dilation

Answer 23

strong agonist | longer life controls withdrawal

Answer 24

``` Meperidine like strong agonist Super strong fast on set short duration Patch formulation- 8-12 hours to get to therapeutic dose Anesthesia ```

Answer 25

more risk than benefit | methadone like moderate agonist

Answer 26

Morphine precursor used as antifussive w/o analgesia Combined with APAP for analgesia converted to morphine by CYP2D6 system

Answer 27

Tx for opiod OD competitive mu agonist can precipitate withdrawal in opioid addict

Answer 28

Morphine like agonist

Answer 29

Morphine like strong agonist 10x stronger than morphine more respiratory depression but less nausea and constipation than morphine

Answer 30

Morphine like strong agonist, codeine derivative | similar efficacy to morphine

Answer 31

Morphine like strong agonist, codeine derivative | similar efficacy to morphine

Answer 32

mixed agonist- agonize pain but also antagonize at dif site | can precipitate withdrawal

Answer 33

mixed agonist- agonize pain but also antagonize at a dif site long duration

Answer 34

Tx nausea | Causes drug induced PD (bilateral and sudden)

Answer 35

CD/LD combo DOC in PD LD- precursor of DA crosses BBB and is decarboxylated CD- inhibits peripheral DA decarboxylase AE- nausea, orthostatic HypoTN, and hallucinations CI- high protein diet Wait to use in younger pts, may accelerate PD

Answer 36

Antiviral and Anti PD for dyskinesia | also used for tremor and drooling

Answer 37

cont stim @ DA receptors AE toxic psychosis, sleep attacks (may or may not have prodrome), impulse control disorders (overall worse CNS effects but better peripheral) Use- early mild dz, young pts CI- dementia

Answer 38

ergot derivative DA agonist

Answer 39

DA agonist- non ergot derivative | mono tx or w/ LD

Answer 40

non ergot derivative, available as transderm patch

Answer 41

DA agonist- subq | used in advanced dz to break off spells but causes bad nausea. give with antinemics

Answer 42

COMT inhibitor used in PD as adjuct to LD tx to provide longer duration causes diarrhea and urine discoloration

Answer 43

MAO-B inhibtor that loses selectivity at higher dose CI in meperideine adjunct to LD so can use lower dose or Monotx in early dz

Answer 44

MAO-D inhibitor that is not selective CI in meperideine adjunct to LD so can use lower dose or Monotx in early dz

Answer 45

Anticholinergic AE are severe in elderly used in younger pts to manage tremor

Answer 46

Anticholinergic AE are severe in elderly used in younger pts to manage tremor

Answer 47

5HTB agonism- vasoconstriction 5HT1D presynaptic inhibition- inhibits inflammatory neuropeptide rls from trigeminal nerve 5HT1D- stimulations- prevents pain transmission from trigeminal nuclei

Answer 48

Triptan- antiemetic and analgesic CI in CAD AE med overuse rebound HA, serotonin syndrome DO not use w/ ergots

Answer 49

Triptan- IV, oral PR formulas CI CAD AE med overuse rebound HA, serotonin syndrome do not use with ergots

Answer 50

triptan- lower rade of extrapyramidal problems compared to prochlorperazine best one CI in CAD AE medication overuse HA, serotonin syndrome DO not use with ergots

Answer 51

beta blocker for prophylactic use in migraine HA caution in pts w/ asthma, COPD, Hx of depression or PVD DOC in prophylaxis and great for pts w/ co morbid conditions ie HTN, post MI, panic disorders used less frequently than others b/c crosses BBB gradually inc dose

Answer 52

betablocker used in prophypactic migraine tx caution in pts w/ COPD, asthma, Hx of depression or PVD DOC for prophylaxis and great in pts with HTN, post MI, or panic disorder use if pts cant tolerate CNS effects of propranolol gradually inc dose

Answer 53

betablocker used in migraine prophylaxis caution in pts w/ asthma, COPD, hx of depression, or PVD DOC for prophylaxis and great in pts w/ HTN, post MI, or panic disorder gradually inc dose

Answer 54

TCA better tolerated b/c 2nd gen can cause: sedation, weight gain, arhymia, dementia reduces frequency and severity of migraine and tension HA Ideal in migraine pts w/ comorbid- depression, insomnia, or neuropathic paiin

Answer 55

TCA AE- sedation, weight gain, prolonged QT, dementia better tolerated b/c 2nd gen dec frequency and severity of migraines and tension HA ideal for pts in migraine with comorbid- depression, insomnia, or neuropathic pain

Answer 56

1st gen TCA clinically shown to work for migraine but high AE AE: sedation, weight gain, prolonged qt interval, dementia 1st gen so not tolerated as well as 2nd dec frequency and severity of migraines and tension HA great for migraine pts w/ comorbid depression, insomnia, or neuropathic pain

Answer 57

TCA - 1st gen so not tolerated as well as 2nd AE: sedation, weight gain, prolonged qt, and dementia reduce severity and frequency of migraine and tension HA great in pts with comorbid depression, panic disorders, or neuropathic pain

Answer 58

antiepileptic that reduces neuronal firing and enhances GABA can cause significant weight gain cat D in pregnancy ideal for migraines in epileptics or bipolar disorder (RAPID CYCLERS/ MIXED MANIA0

Answer 59

CCB- used to dec frequency of migraines | only after BB, TCAs, and valproate have failed

Answer 60

Shows efficiency in 1st month looks similar to DA causes cognitive dysfunction and language BUT also causes weight loss

Answer 61

prevent migraines, safe during pregnancy but takes 2 weeks

Answer 62

best tolerated antiepilectic drug

Answer 63

start 2 days bfr menstral HA

Answer 64

can reduce migraines with injection

Answer 65

show reduced migraine frequency

Answer 66

SSRI- long t1/s, DOC for MDDduring preg, most activating, | OCD

Answer 67

SSRI- least activating

Answer 68

``` SSRI- DONT USE IN PREG, short t1/2 beware of withdrawal GAD OCD PTSD ```

Answer 69

SSRI OCD PTSD

Answer 70

SSRI | OCD

Answer 71

SSRI | GAD

Answer 72

inhibit presmpatic 5HT Reuptake, down regulate receptors 5HT2 agonism AE- transient jitters, insomnia, diarrhea, and anxiety. sexual dysfunction serotonin syndrome SSRI- withdrawal- anxiety, electric shock feeling flu Take time to work (takes a few weeks to down-regulate the postynaptic beta receptors) DOC- in MDD, Panic disorder, OCD

Answer 73

``` SNRI, alpha adrenergic agonist, H1 receptor agonist, anticholinergic AE- CARDIAC TOXICITY- TORSADES DE POINTES othrostatic HypoTN, weight gain, anticholinergic sexual dysfunction 5HT syndrome w/ other antidepressants lowers seizure threshold low risk teratoginicity OD can kill- tx with NaHCO3 CI- CAD, seizure disorders ```

Answer 74

antidepression chronic pain migraine HA atypical depression

Answer 75

inhibit breakdown of biogenic amines AE TERAOTOGENIC wine and cheese rxn (tyrammine OD, HTN crisis --> hemorrhagic stroke) orthostatic hypoTN, weight gain, anticholinergic sexual dysfunciton serotonin syndrome

Answer 76

serotonin syndrome- meperdine, tramadol, dextromethorphan | fever, HTN, delirium- meperidine, sympathomimetics, phenylephrine,

Answer 77

``` atypical depression (weight gain, sleeping, inc sensitivity to rjxn) WAIT 2 WEEKS WHEN SWITCHING TO AN MAOI FROM ANOTHER DRUG ```

Answer 78

SSRI @ low dose SNRI @ high dose avoid in uncontrollable HTN used in depression, GAD

Answer 79

SNRI at all doses DIABETIC NEUROPATHY, GAD watch for liver toxicity

Answer 80

SNRI and blocks 5HT2A (ELIMINATES ANXIETY, INSOMNIA, AND SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION) used for depression, anxiety, insomnia AE- sedation, GI, dry mouth, constipation drug interactios and deadly hepatic failure

Answer 81

SSRI and blocks 5HT2A (RI and antagonist) as well as H1 and alpha 1 AE- orthostatic hypotn, sedating, PRIAPRISM use- use w/ SSRI to counter insomnia ("trazodoze")

Answer 82

NE and DA reuptake inhibitor- same MOA as cocaine AE- anorexia, psychosis, HA, insomnia, psychomotor activation AE- inc seizures and inc sexual function can also cause weight loss DO NOT GIVE TO PTS WITH SEIZURE HX, ANXIETY, OR BULIMIA used for depression, quit smoking

Answer 83

Sleep, sex, food antidepressant antagonizes presynaptic alpha 2 to inc NE release also blocks 5HT2, 3 and H1 used for- comorbid anxiety, reduced sexual dysfunciton, and has a low potential for OD AE- agranulocytosis, weight gain, sedation

Answer 84

inc frequency of GABA channel opening has ceiling effect AE- ataxia, sedation, anterograde amnesia, resp depression, paradoxical excitement, aggression NO NYSTAGMUS

Answer 85

short term while waiting for SSRI to kick in long term in pts with anxiety disorder and somatic symptoms insomnia, acute mania, akasthesia, RLS, seizures, EtoH detox taper b/c withdrawal can be deadly CI in EtoH and Narcotic ingestion

Answer 86

to euphoria but not anxiolytic effects

Answer 87

BZD- short acting- met is glucronidation better in elderly and liver

Answer 88

BZD- short acting- met is glucoronidation, better in elderly and liver dz

Answer 89

BZD- long acting and most lipophillic

Answer 90

BZD- least lipophillic

Answer 91

BZD- long acting

Answer 92

BZD- long acting

Answer 93

ccompetitive to BZD @ GABA A | AE- can precipitate withdrawal in BZD dependent individuals

Answer 94

partial agonist @ presynaptic 5HT1A scheduled med GAD, sleep apena, substance abuse, h/o of BZD tx AE- HA, N, dizziness, nervousness, SLOW ACTING AE are mild used in GAD esp if pt has hx of substance abuse, sleep apnea, or hx of falls

Answer 95

BZD- scheduled basis for panic disorder

Answer 96

BZD- assoc w/ withdrawal and seizures

Answer 97

TCA with strong seratonergic component good for OCD

Answer 98

if using SSRI- use higher dose than depression clomipramine also need CBT

Answer 99

SSRI (paroxetine, sertaline), MAOI, TCA BZD or alcohol after event make it worse antipsychotic or anticonvulsant can help betablockers can help

Answer 100

SSRI, MAOI

Answer 101

beta blocker

Answer 102

DOC in Bipolar disorder- prevents relapse of mania and depression (mania more than depression) and dec suicide rates. 1-2 weeks to see effect- use adjuncts until then (antipsychotics or benzos) AE- tremor, psoriasis, weight gain, acne, hypothyroidism, nephrogenic diabetes, bad for kidneys.

Answer 103

seizures, arrhythmias permanan neurologic impairment, kidney damage, maintain adequate Na ad fluid levels.

Answer 104

anything that dec GFR--> inc of serum levelsNSAIDs, ACE, ARB, HCTZ

Answer 105

``` CBC SCr Thyroid urinalysis electrolytes ```

Answer 106

Li levels CBC SCr/ BUN TSH

Answer 107

antiepileptics for when Li/ Valproate fail

Answer 108

blocks voltage gated Na channels to block glutamate and aspartate 2 mnth sto get therapeutic dose AE- rash Used to prevent depression but use with Li

Answer 109

careful about using dont want to throw them into mania, make sure they are on a mod stabilizer first

Answer 110

use atypical antipsychotics- they are fast acting