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Pharmacology > Drug classes > Flashcards

Drug classes Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three types of nitrates?

A

nitroglycerine
ISDN
ISMN

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2
Q

-lol, -olol

A

beta blockers

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3
Q

-pine

A

calcium channel blockers (DHP)

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4
Q

ranolazine

A

sodium channel blocker

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5
Q

what are the two groups in the calcium channel blockers class?

A

DHP
NDHP

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6
Q

name the CCB NDHPs

A

verapamil
diltiazem

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7
Q

-pril

A

ACEI

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8
Q

-sartan

A

ARB

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9
Q

name the ARNI drug

A

sacubitril / valsartan

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10
Q

name the osmotic diuretic

A

mannitol

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11
Q

name the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

A

acetazolamide

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12
Q

-mide

A

loop diuretics

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13
Q

-thiazide

A

thiazides

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14
Q

what are aldosterone receptor antagonists also known as?

A

K-sparing diuretics

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15
Q

name 2 aldosterone receptor antagonists

A

spironolactone
eplerenone

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16
Q

-none

A

K-sparing diuretics
(ARA)

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17
Q

name two balanced veno/vaso dilation combos

A

hydralazine + nitrate
sodium nitroprusside

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18
Q

name the CCB good for heart failure

A

amlodipine

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19
Q

which loop diuretic can cause the worse toxicity and what toxicity is it?

A

ethacrynic acid
ototoxic

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20
Q

3 thiazides used to treat hypertension that don’t follow the name game

A

indapamide
metolazone
chlorthalidone

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21
Q

2 K sparing diuretics used treat hypertension that don’t follow the name game

A

triamterene
amiloride

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22
Q

aliskiren

A

renin inhibitor

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23
Q

renin inhibitor used to treat hypertension

A

aliskiren

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24
Q

direct arterial vasodilators used to treat hypertensive emergencies

A

Na Nitroprusside
diazoxide
labetalol

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25
Q

-sin

A

alpha receptor blockers

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26
Q

-dine

A

central alpha 2 agonists

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27
Q

name the central alpha 2 agonists used to treat hypertension but doesn’t follow the name game

A

methyldopa

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28
Q

anti-arrhythmic drugs in class IA

A

Double - disopyramide
Quarter - quinidine
Pounder - procainamide

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29
Q

anti-arrhythmic drugs in class IB

A

Lettuce - lidocaine
Tomato - tocainide
Mayo - mexiletine

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30
Q

anti-arrhythmic drugs in class IC

A

Fries - flecainide
Please - propafenone

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31
Q

anti-arrhythmic drugs in class II

A

Eat - esmolol
More - metoprolol
Poor people (food) - propanolol

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32
Q

anti-arrhythmic drugs in class III

A

Ami - amiodarone
Says - satolol
Drones - dronedarone
Don’t - dofetillide
Interest - ibutillide
Bret - bretylium

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33
Q

anti-arrhythmic drugs in class IV

A

D and V
dilitiazem
verapamil

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34
Q

AAD used for PSVT

A

adenosine

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35
Q

AAD that increases vagal tone, causes bradycardia and has a low TI

A

digoxin

36
Q

AAD that treats bradycardia

A

atropine

37
Q

AAD that is bossy and regulates ions Na+, K+, and Ca++

A

magnesium

38
Q

antithrombotic class that inhibits the cross-link between fibrinogen and platelets

A

Gp 2b/3a inhibitors

39
Q

-grel

A

ADP/P2Y12 receptor antagonists

40
Q

what do ADP/P2Y12 receptor antagonists do?

A

inhibit ADP and P2Y12 binding = inhibits Gp 2b/3a formation

41
Q

what shouldn’t clopidogrel be used with?

A

Prilosec

42
Q

what drug does Clopidogrel have a synergistic effect with?

A

ASA

43
Q

a drug that belongs to the ADP/P2Y12 class but does not follow the name game

A

Ticlopidine

44
Q

COX-1 Inhibitor

A

Aspirin (ASA)

45
Q

what class are the nonselective reversible inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2?

A

NSAIDS

46
Q

what drug should not be given before aspirin?

A

NSAID

47
Q

drug class that allows cAMP to increase, increases contractility, and therefore decreases platelet aggregation

A

PDI

48
Q

2 drugs in the PDI class

A

Crazy - cilostazol
Dude - dipyridamole

49
Q

what can be given with dipyridamole?

A

warfarin

50
Q

what are 2 drug classes that are direct acting anticoagulants?

A

heparin
LMWH

51
Q

an indirect acting anticoagulant that is a vitamin K antagonist

A

warfarin

52
Q

antidote for heparin and LMWH

A

protamine

53
Q

which clotting factors does warfarin inactivate?

A

2, 7, 9 and 10

54
Q

what is the antidote for warfarin?

A

phytonadione

55
Q

-ban

A

non-vitamin K antagonists

56
Q

drug class that directly inhibits factor Xa

A

Non-vitamin K antagonists

57
Q

a drug that is a non-vitamin K antagonist but does not follow the name game

A

dabigatran

58
Q

-plase

A

TPA inhibitors

59
Q

what are TPA inhibitors main job?

A

fibrinolytic - lyse existing clots

60
Q

what can TPA inhibitors be reversed by?

A

alpha 2 antiplasmin
T/A acids
RBCs/blood

61
Q

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

A

statins

62
Q

what does HMG-CoA reductase do?

A

makes cholesterol in the liver

63
Q

what are statins metabolized by?

A

CYP3A4

64
Q

what shouldn’t a patient drink while on a statin?

A

grape fruit juice

65
Q

cholesterol absorption inhibitor

A

ezetimibe

66
Q

where do cholesterol absorption inhibitors work?

A

instestine

67
Q

what can ezetimibe be used with?

A

statin

68
Q

if ezetimibe and statin are used together, what should be monitored?

A

ALT, AST

69
Q

what is the MOA for bile acid binding resins?

A

binds resins to bile acids, which leads to increased cholesterol being converted to bile acids

70
Q

what can a bile acid binding resin be combined with for a better response?

A

statin

71
Q

name the 3 bile acid binding resins

A

colestipol
colesevelam
cholestyramine

72
Q

3 drugs/class that treat hypertriglyceridemia

A

fibrates
niacin
omega-3 fatty acids

73
Q

which drugs are used to treat hypertriglyceridemia in patients with DM2?

A

fibrates

74
Q

niacin ADR

A

flushing
itching

75
Q

-mab

A

PCSK9 inhibitors

76
Q

inhibited by monoclonal antibodies

A

PCSK9

77
Q

PCSK9 ADR

A

URI flu-like
myalgia
ISR

78
Q

a drug related to PCSK9 inhibitors that wants to be included

A

Inclisiran

79
Q

what is Inclisiran used for?

A

familial hypercholesterolemia
ASCVD

80
Q

drug class that inhibits ATP-citrate lyase

A

ACL-inhibitors

81
Q

ACL-inhibitor

A

being pedo gives me the IC
Bempedoic acid

82
Q

bempedoic acid ADR

A

urIC acid
gout
achilles tendon rupture

83
Q

2 OTC omega-3 fatty acids

A

EPA
DHA

84
Q

2 rx omega-3 fatty acids

A

ethyl esters
icosapent ethyl

85
Q

which omega 3 fatty acid is used for adults with TG over 500

A

icosapent ethyl

86
Q

omega-3 fatty acid ADR

A

atrial fibrillation
atrial flutter

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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