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CPR Exam 1 > Dr. Olingers > Flashcards

Dr. Olingers Flashcards

1
Q

Difference between bronchi and bronchiole

A

Bronchioles dont have cartilage

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2
Q

Typical ribs

Atypical ribs

A

Typical : 3-9

Atypical 1-2, 10-12

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3
Q

True ribs

False ribs

A

1-7

8-10

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4
Q

Superior facet of the rib

A

Inferior costal facet of vertebra

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5
Q

Superior mediastinum

A

Just has aorta and pulmonary a

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6
Q

Epicardium

A

Visceral serous pericardium

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7
Q

Agina Pecteris

A

Shooting referred pain from the heart having a problem (usually ischemia to myocardium)

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8
Q

4 circles above the heart

A

2 at bottom = SVC and IVC (A and V orifices)
One in middle = ascending aorta
One on top = Pulmonary a

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9
Q

Superior facet on head of rib

A

Inferior costal facet on vertebrae

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10
Q

Tubercle of rib

A

Transverse process of vertebrae (SAME VERT)

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11
Q

1st rib has what

A

Scalene tubercle for anterior scalene muscle

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12
Q

Simple vs complicated rib fracture

A 
Simple = costoverterbral dislocation 
Complicated = trauma to the pleura of the lung, lung can collapse
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13
Q

Types of fibrous joints

A

Syndesmosis
Schindylesis
Gomphosis
Suture

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14
Q

Types of Cartilagenous joints

A 
Primary = Synchondrosis
Secondary = Symphsis
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15
Q

Manubriosternal joint

Xiphisternal joint

A

Secondary cartilaginous = Symphysis

Primary cartilaginous = Synchondrosis

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16
Q

1st sternocostal joint

A

Primary cartilaginous = Synchondrosis
Anterior L
Radiate L
Sternocostal L

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17
Q

2-7th sternocostal joints

A

Planar Synovial joint
Anterior L
Radiate L
Sternocostal L

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18
Q

Costovertibral joints

A

Planar synovial joint
Intraaricular L
Radiate L

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19
Q

Costotransverse joints

A

Planar synovial
Superior Costotransverse L (from TP one level up)
Lateral Costotransverse L (from TP same as rib level)

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20
Q

Movement of ribs during breathing
Lateral part
Anterior part

A

Like a bucket handle

Like a pump

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21
Q

Costochondral joints

A

Primary cartilaginous joint = Synchondrosis

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22
Q

Dislocation

Separation

A

Costosternal joint

Costochondral joint

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23
Q

Intervertebral joints

Zygopophyseal joints

A

Secondary cartilaginous = symphysis

Planar synovial

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24
Q

Internal intercostal M

External intercostal M

A

Depression, also becomes posterior intercostal M

Elevation , also becomes anterior intercostal M

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25
Thoracentesis
Needle to drain fluid around pleural cavity Needle is inferior (under) intercostal nerve bundle + superior (above) collateral branches * between 9th and 10th rib
26
Chest tube insertion
To remove a large amount of fluid, air, blood from pleural cavity Between 5th and 6th intercostal space
27
Thoroscopy
Visualize and biopsy of the pleural cavity
28
Smooth of atrium
Smooth of atrium = sinus venarum | PECTINATE = rough of atrium
29
Sinus venarum
Smooth of atrium
30
Internal separation of smooth and rough | External separation
Crista terminalis | Sulcus terminalis
31
Rough and smooth of ventricle
``` Rough = trabecula carnae Smooth = conus arteriosus ```
32
What 2 things loop around the LIGAMENTUM arteriosum and the aortic arch where it attaches
Left Recurrent Laryngeal N + Vagus N
33
Cardiac catheterization
Insert catheter into femoral vein ——> to the IVC = to visualize the RA, RV, Pulmonary trunk, Pulmonary A.s
34
Aortic valve
Semilunar valve
35
Artificial Cardiac Pacemaker (how do you insert it and where does it go)
Makes electrical impulses to Ventricles by an electrode inserted at a large V ——> SVC —> RA, tricuspid valves —> ENDOCARDIUM of TRABECULA CARNAE (RV)
36
Atrial Fibrillation
Irregular twitching of the atrial cardiac muscle fibers, circulation is satisfactory
37
Ventricular fibrillation
Rapid twitching of ventricles, heart is unable to pump blood * Electrical shock administration by electrodes can cease all cardiac movement = defibrillation, so the heart may begin beating regularly after a period of time
38
Cardiac Referred pain
Visceral pain due to ischemia | Upper limb + superior lateral chest wall
39
Where is anginal pain felt
Due to left medial bronchial cutaneous n —> - left substernal area - left pectoral area - medial part of left upper limbs
40
Reason surgeons do surgery on the Transverse Pericardial Sinus
Allows access posterior to aorta and pulmonary trunk = clamp or insert tubes for a bypass machine into these large vessels
41
Pericarditis
Pericardial inflammation making it rough and increase friction, hear by stethoscope Need to Tx to prevent calcification
42
Pericardial Effusion
Pericardial inflammation causing fluid or pus acculturation in pericardial sac = compresses heart (CARDIAC TAMPONADE)
43
Pericardiocentesis
Draining blood, fluid, pus form pericardial sac = to release cardiac tamponade * needle 15 degrees above skin in para iPhone area
44
What supplies the conduction system of the heart
The interventricular As (anterior-left coronary and posterior-right coronary)
45
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
use great saphenous vein or the radial artery to bypass an obstruction of a coronary a or branch
46
Coronary Angioplasty
insert a balloon into coronary artery to increase size or artery where plaque was
47
pulmonary embolism
blood clot or obstruction (air, fat) of a pulmonary artery usually coming from the right side of the heart
48
the medial mammary A comes off the
internal thoracic branching the perforating branches which makes the medial mammary branch
49
the lateral mammary a comes off the
lateral thoracic artery + posterior intercostal arteries
50
collateral branches come off the
posterior intercostal arteries
51
3 parts of the phrenic A and where they come from
1. Musculophrenic (internal thoracic a) 2. Pericardiacophrinic (internal thoracic a) 3. Superior Phrenic (from descending thoracic aorta)
52
great cardiac vein travels with Middle Cardiac Vein travels with small cardiac vein travels with
ANT : Anterior interventricular artery POST : Circumflex A (before dumping into the coronary sinus) Posterior interventricular artery Right marginal artery
53
2 veins dumping into the coronary sinus
great cardiac vein + small cardiac vein
54
the phrenic nerve runs between what
the fibrus pericardium and the mediastinum parietal pleura
55
typical nerves
3-6
56
sympathetic truck has 3 branches or parts
greater, lesser, least
57
vagus nerve has 5 branches | also left and right go where
``` Superior Cardiac -neck Middle Cardiac - neck Inferior Cardiac - thorax * Pulmonary * Esophageal * left vagus --> anterior trunk right vagus --> posterior trunk ```
58
Pulmonary plexus
SYMPA: pulmonary splanchnic PARA: pulmonary br
59
Superficial + Deep Cardiac Plexus
SYMPA: cardiac splanchnic PARA: superior, middle, inferior cardiac br
60
Aortic plexus
SYMPA: continuous with superficial cardiac plexus PARA: continuous with superficial cardiac plexus
61
Esophageal plexus
SYMPA: Greater splanchnic PARA: esophageal br
62
THORACIC AORTA: 1. unpaired 2. paired lateral visceral 3. paired segmental parietal
1. Mediastinal, esophageal, pericardial 2. bronchial (to lung tissue) 3. Posterior intercostal + subcostal

CPR Exam 1 (20 decks)

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