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CPR Exam 1 > Dr. Olingers > Flashcards

Dr. Olingers Flashcards

1
Q

Difference between bronchi and bronchiole

A

Bronchioles dont have cartilage

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2
Q

Typical ribs

Atypical ribs

A

Typical : 3-9

Atypical 1-2, 10-12

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3
Q

True ribs

False ribs

A

1-7

8-10

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4
Q

Superior facet of the rib

A

Inferior costal facet of vertebra

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5
Q

Superior mediastinum

A

Just has aorta and pulmonary a

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6
Q

Epicardium

A

Visceral serous pericardium

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7
Q

Agina Pecteris

A

Shooting referred pain from the heart having a problem (usually ischemia to myocardium)

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8
Q

4 circles above the heart

A

2 at bottom = SVC and IVC (A and V orifices)
One in middle = ascending aorta
One on top = Pulmonary a

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9
Q

Superior facet on head of rib

A

Inferior costal facet on vertebrae

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10
Q

Tubercle of rib

A

Transverse process of vertebrae (SAME VERT)

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11
Q

1st rib has what

A

Scalene tubercle for anterior scalene muscle

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12
Q

Simple vs complicated rib fracture

A 
Simple = costoverterbral dislocation 
Complicated = trauma to the pleura of the lung, lung can collapse
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13
Q

Types of fibrous joints

A

Syndesmosis
Schindylesis
Gomphosis
Suture

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14
Q

Types of Cartilagenous joints

A 
Primary = Synchondrosis
Secondary = Symphsis
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15
Q

Manubriosternal joint

Xiphisternal joint

A

Secondary cartilaginous = Symphysis

Primary cartilaginous = Synchondrosis

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16
Q

1st sternocostal joint

A

Primary cartilaginous = Synchondrosis
Anterior L
Radiate L
Sternocostal L

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17
Q

2-7th sternocostal joints

A

Planar Synovial joint
Anterior L
Radiate L
Sternocostal L

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18
Q

Costovertibral joints

A

Planar synovial joint
Intraaricular L
Radiate L

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19
Q

Costotransverse joints

A

Planar synovial
Superior Costotransverse L (from TP one level up)
Lateral Costotransverse L (from TP same as rib level)

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20
Q

Movement of ribs during breathing
Lateral part
Anterior part

A

Like a bucket handle

Like a pump

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21
Q

Costochondral joints

A

Primary cartilaginous joint = Synchondrosis

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22
Q

Dislocation

Separation

A

Costosternal joint

Costochondral joint

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23
Q

Intervertebral joints

Zygopophyseal joints

A

Secondary cartilaginous = symphysis

Planar synovial

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24
Q

Internal intercostal M

External intercostal M

A

Depression, also becomes posterior intercostal M

Elevation , also becomes anterior intercostal M

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25
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Needle to drain fluid around pleural cavity
Needle is inferior (under) intercostal nerve bundle
+ superior (above) collateral branches
* between 9th and 10th rib

26
Q

Chest tube insertion

A

To remove a large amount of fluid, air, blood from pleural cavity
Between 5th and 6th intercostal space

27
Q

Thoroscopy

A

Visualize and biopsy of the pleural cavity

28
Q

Smooth of atrium

A

Smooth of atrium = sinus venarum

PECTINATE = rough of atrium

29
Q

Sinus venarum

A

Smooth of atrium

30
Q

Internal separation of smooth and rough

External separation

A

Crista terminalis

Sulcus terminalis

31
Q

Rough and smooth of ventricle

A 
Rough = trabecula carnae 
Smooth = conus arteriosus
32
Q

What 2 things loop around the LIGAMENTUM arteriosum and the aortic arch where it attaches

A

Left Recurrent Laryngeal N + Vagus N

33
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

Insert catheter into femoral vein ——> to the IVC = to visualize the RA, RV, Pulmonary trunk, Pulmonary A.s

34
Q

Aortic valve

A

Semilunar valve

35
Q

Artificial Cardiac Pacemaker (how do you insert it and where does it go)

A

Makes electrical impulses to Ventricles by an electrode inserted at a large V ——> SVC —> RA, tricuspid valves —> ENDOCARDIUM of TRABECULA CARNAE (RV)

36
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A

Irregular twitching of the atrial cardiac muscle fibers, circulation is satisfactory

37
Q

Ventricular fibrillation

A

Rapid twitching of ventricles, heart is unable to pump blood
* Electrical shock administration by electrodes can cease all cardiac movement = defibrillation, so the heart may begin beating regularly after a period of time

38
Q

Cardiac Referred pain

A

Visceral pain due to ischemia

Upper limb + superior lateral chest wall

39
Q

Where is anginal pain felt

A

Due to left medial bronchial cutaneous n —>

  • left substernal area
  • left pectoral area
  • medial part of left upper limbs
40
Q

Reason surgeons do surgery on the Transverse Pericardial Sinus

A

Allows access posterior to aorta and pulmonary trunk = clamp or insert tubes for a bypass machine into these large vessels

41
Q

Pericarditis

A

Pericardial inflammation making it rough and increase friction, hear by stethoscope
Need to Tx to prevent calcification

42
Q

Pericardial Effusion

A

Pericardial inflammation causing fluid or pus acculturation in pericardial sac = compresses heart (CARDIAC TAMPONADE)

43
Q

Pericardiocentesis

A

Draining blood, fluid, pus form pericardial sac = to release cardiac tamponade
* needle 15 degrees above skin in para iPhone area

44
Q

What supplies the conduction system of the heart

A

The interventricular As (anterior-left coronary and posterior-right coronary)

45
Q

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

A

use great saphenous vein or the radial artery to bypass an obstruction of a coronary a or branch

46
Q

Coronary Angioplasty

A

insert a balloon into coronary artery to increase size or artery where plaque was

47
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

blood clot or obstruction (air, fat) of a pulmonary artery usually coming from the right side of the heart

48
Q

the medial mammary A comes off the

A

internal thoracic branching the perforating branches which makes the medial mammary branch

49
Q

the lateral mammary a comes off the

A

lateral thoracic artery + posterior intercostal arteries

50
Q

collateral branches come off the

A

posterior intercostal arteries

51
Q

3 parts of the phrenic A and where they come from

A
  1. Musculophrenic (internal thoracic a)
  2. Pericardiacophrinic (internal thoracic a)
  3. Superior Phrenic (from descending thoracic aorta)
52
Q

great cardiac vein travels with
Middle Cardiac Vein travels with
small cardiac vein travels with

A

ANT : Anterior interventricular artery
POST : Circumflex A (before dumping into the coronary sinus)
Posterior interventricular artery
Right marginal artery

53
Q

2 veins dumping into the coronary sinus

A

great cardiac vein + small cardiac vein

54
Q

the phrenic nerve runs between what

A

the fibrus pericardium and the mediastinum parietal pleura

55
Q

typical nerves

A

3-6

56
Q

sympathetic truck has 3 branches or parts

A

greater, lesser, least

57
Q

vagus nerve has 5 branches

also left and right go where

A 
Superior Cardiac -neck
Middle Cardiac - neck
Inferior Cardiac - thorax *
Pulmonary *
Esophageal *
left vagus --> anterior trunk
right vagus --> posterior trunk
58
Q

Pulmonary plexus

A

SYMPA: pulmonary splanchnic
PARA: pulmonary br

59
Q

Superficial + Deep Cardiac Plexus

A

SYMPA: cardiac splanchnic
PARA: superior, middle, inferior cardiac br

60
Q

Aortic plexus

A

SYMPA: continuous with superficial cardiac plexus
PARA: continuous with superficial cardiac plexus

61
Q

Esophageal plexus

A

SYMPA: Greater splanchnic
PARA: esophageal br

62
Q

THORACIC AORTA:

  1. unpaired
  2. paired lateral visceral
  3. paired segmental parietal
A
  1. Mediastinal, esophageal, pericardial
  2. bronchial (to lung tissue)
  3. Posterior intercostal + subcostal

CPR Exam 1 (20 decks)

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