Cardiovascular Topics In Class Lecture

Question 1

Positive staircase effect

Answer 1

When HR increased the Ca+2 is taken up more and stays longer 
Increased HR (+ chronotropic) = increased contractility (+ inotropic)

Question 2

CASE 1: 67yo dyspnea coughing fever for 1 week, 40pack year history smoking, HR: 110, BP : 98/82 with history of HTN
Edema in LEX
Lungs: crackles and congested
Neck veins distended
ECG : ventricular hypertrophy + EF = 38%
BNP elevated, Abnormal BMP
Decreased CO, increased RAP

Answer 2

BNP : like troponin (acute heart damage like heart attach)
BMP : like Na, K, Cl, BUN, Cr (heart failure)
Increased RAP = increased RVP = increased Pulmonary A + V pressure = EDEMA